diff --git a/hash/ekara_pal.xml b/hash/ekara_pal.xml
index 3bb5d628bd3..3a16bfba2d7 100644
--- a/hash/ekara_pal.xml
+++ b/hash/ekara_pal.xml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ license:CC0
 <softwarelist name="ekara_pal" description="Takara e-kara (UK/Europe, PAL) cartridges">
 	<!-- cartridges contain the ROM only, the XaviX CPU and BIOS are in the base unit -->
 
-	<!-- UK / Europe cartridges - these have 'UK' part codes, but multiple languages on the case suggesting they were used for the whole of Europe -->
+	<!-- UK / Europe cartridges - these have 'UK' part codes, but multiple languages on the case (except for Vol4/5) suggesting they were used for the whole of Europe -->
 
 	<!-- e-kara UK / Europe Volume 1 (UK-E001)
 	1.  "Oops!...I Did It Again"       Britney Spears
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ license:CC0
 		</part>
 	</software>
 
-	<!-- e-kara UK / Europe Volume 4 (UK-E004) (not dumped) (this is the same tracklist as US-E004, but the code on the UK/EU one would be different as they use a different timing method)
+	<!-- e-kara UK / Europe Volume 4 (UK-E004)
 	1.  "Can't Buy Me Love"   The Beatles
 	2.  "A Hard Day's Night"  The Beatles
 	3.  "Ticket To Ride"      The Beatles
@@ -89,8 +89,18 @@ license:CC0
 	9.  "Drive My Car"        The Beatles
 	10. "We Can Work It Out"  The Beatles
 	-->
+	<software name="uk_vol4">
+		<description>e-kara UK / Europe Volume 4 (UK-E004)</description>
+		<year>2002</year>
+		<publisher>Takara</publisher>
+		<part name="cart" interface="ekara_cart">
+			<dataarea name="rom" size="0x100000">
+				<rom name="uk-e004.bin" size="0x100000" crc="d3739137" sha1="e3c404bc916cac4acccc46b8345defd9495431fa"/>
+			</dataarea>
+		</part>
+	</software>
 
-	<!-- e-kara UK / Europe Volume 5 (UK-E005) (not dumped) (this is the same tracklist as US-E005, but the code on the UK/EU one would be different as they use a different timing method)
+	<!-- e-kara UK / Europe Volume 5 (UK-E005)
 	1.  "Lucy In the Sky With Diamonds"  The Beatles
 	2.  "All You Need Is Love"           The Beatles
 	3.  "Hello Goodbye"                  The Beatles
@@ -102,6 +112,16 @@ license:CC0
 	9.  "Let It Be"                      The Beatles
 	10. "The Long And Winding Road"      The Beatles
 	-->
+	<software name="uk_vol5">
+		<description>e-kara UK / Europe Volume 5 (UK-E005)</description>
+		<year>2002</year>
+		<publisher>Takara</publisher>
+		<part name="cart" interface="ekara_cart">
+			<dataarea name="rom" size="0x100000">
+				<rom name="uk-e005.bin" size="0x100000" crc="e8e2c9cd" sha1="d1bdcfe88bb28012e52e51dc1b39c20284d30b26"/>
+			</dataarea>
+		</part>
+	</software>
 
 	<!-- e-kara UK / Europe Volume 6 (UK-E006)
 	1.  "Genie In A Bottle"             Christina Aguilera
diff --git a/src/mame/drivers/megadriv_rad.cpp b/src/mame/drivers/megadriv_rad.cpp
index b3e1f3ccbfe..6350c9bfcf8 100644
--- a/src/mame/drivers/megadriv_rad.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/drivers/megadriv_rad.cpp
@@ -101,6 +101,24 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( megadriv_radica_6button )
 	PORT_START("UNK")
 INPUT_PORTS_END
 
+static INPUT_PORTS_START( megadriv_msi_6button )
+	PORT_INCLUDE( megadriv_radica_3button )
+
+	PORT_START("EXTRA1")    /* Extra buttons for Joypad 1 (6 button + start + mode) NOT READ DIRECTLY */
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0001, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON6 ) PORT_PLAYER(1)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0002, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON5 ) PORT_PLAYER(1)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0004, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON4 ) PORT_PLAYER(1)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
+
+	PORT_START("EXTRA2") // no 2nd pad
+	PORT_BIT( 0x000f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
+
+	PORT_MODIFY("PAD2") // no 2nd pad
+	PORT_BIT( 0x00ff, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
+
+	PORT_START("IN0")
+	PORT_START("UNK")
+INPUT_PORTS_END
 
 void megadriv_radica_6button_state::machine_start()
 {
@@ -209,6 +227,15 @@ ROM_START( rad_orun )
 	ROM_LOAD16_WORD_SWAP( "outrun.bin", 0x000000, 0x100000, CRC(4fd6d653) SHA1(57f0e4550ff883e4bb7857caef2c893c21f80b42) )
 ROM_END
 
+ROM_START( msi_sf2 )
+	ROM_REGION( 0x400000, "maincpu", 0 )
+	// The first part of the ROM seems to be a boot ROM for the enhanced MD clone menus, even if it does nothing here
+	// and is probably leftover from one of the multigame systems, hacked to only launch one game. We should emulate it...
+	// .. but the game ROM starts at 0xc8000 so we can cheat for now
+	ROM_LOAD16_WORD_SWAP( "29lv320.bin", 0x000000, 0xc8000, CRC(465b12f0) SHA1(7a058f6feb4f08f56ae0f7369c2ca9a9fe2ed40e) )
+	ROM_CONTINUE(0x00000,0x338000) 
+ROM_END
+
 
 void megadriv_radica_6button_state::init_megadriv_radica_6button_pal()
 {
@@ -254,3 +281,7 @@ CONS( 2004, rad_ssoc,  0,        0, megadriv_radica_3button_pal,  megadriv_radic
 
 // not region locked, no Radica logos, uncertain if other regions would differ
 CONS( 2004, rad_orun,  0,        0, megadriv_radica_3button_pal,  megadriv_radica_3button_1player, megadriv_radica_3button_state, init_megadrie,                    "Radica / Sega",                     "Out Run 2019 (Radica Plug & Play, UK)", 0)
+
+// From a European unit but NTSC? - code is hacked from original USA Genesis game with region check still intact? (does the clone hardware always identify as such? or does the bypassed boot code skip the check?)
+// TODO: move out of here eventually once the enhanced MD part is emulated rather than bypassed (it's probably the same as the 145-in-1 multigame unit, but modified to only include this single game)
+CONS( 2018, msi_sf2,   0,        0, megadriv_radica_6button_ntsc, megadriv_msi_6button,         megadriv_radica_6button_state, init_megadriv_radica_6button_ntsc,    "MSI / Capcom / Sega",            "Street Fighter II: Special Champion Edition (MSI Plug & Play) (Europe)", 0)
diff --git a/src/mame/drivers/segac2.cpp b/src/mame/drivers/segac2.cpp
index 240c4ed41cd..232723b5c7a 100644
--- a/src/mame/drivers/segac2.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/drivers/segac2.cpp
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ namespace {
 
 typedef device_delegate<int (int in)> segac2_prot_delegate;
 
+// does this need to inherit from md_base? really we only need the VDP and some basics like the maincpu
 class segac2_state : public md_base_state
 {
 public:
@@ -150,6 +151,10 @@ public:
 	void init_pclubjv4();
 	void init_pclubjv5();
 
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_start() override;
+	virtual void machine_reset() override;
+
 private:
 	// for Print Club only
 	int m_cam_data;
@@ -174,9 +179,7 @@ private:
 	uint8_t       m_sound_banks;      /* number of sound banks */
 
 	void segac2_common_init(segac2_prot_delegate prot_func);
-	DECLARE_VIDEO_START(segac2_new);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(segac2);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_RESET(segac2);
+
 
 	uint32_t screen_update_segac2_new(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
 	int m_segac2_bg_pal_lookup[4];
@@ -251,7 +254,7 @@ public:
 
 ******************************************************************************/
 
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(segac2_state,segac2)
+void segac2_state::machine_start()
 {
 	save_item(NAME(m_prot_write_buf));
 	save_item(NAME(m_prot_read_buf));
@@ -260,7 +263,7 @@ MACHINE_START_MEMBER(segac2_state,segac2)
 }
 
 
-MACHINE_RESET_MEMBER(segac2_state,segac2)
+void segac2_state::machine_reset()
 {
 //  megadriv_scanline_timer = machine().device<timer_device>("md_scan_timer");
 //  megadriv_scanline_timer->adjust(attotime::zero);
@@ -1497,11 +1500,6 @@ WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(segac2_state::segac2_irq2_interrupt)
 
 ******************************************************************************/
 
-VIDEO_START_MEMBER(segac2_state,segac2_new)
-{
-	VIDEO_START_CALL_MEMBER(megadriv);
-}
-
 // C2 doesn't use the internal VDP CRAM, instead it uses the digital output of the chip
 //  and applies it's own external colour circuity
 uint32_t segac2_state::screen_update_segac2_new(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
@@ -1598,9 +1596,6 @@ void segac2_state::segac(machine_config &config)
 	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &segac2_state::main_map);
 	m_maincpu->set_irq_acknowledge_callback(FUNC(md_base_state::genesis_int_callback));
 
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(segac2_state,segac2)
-	MCFG_MACHINE_RESET_OVERRIDE(segac2_state,segac2)
-
 	NVRAM(config, "nvram", nvram_device::DEFAULT_ALL_1); // borencha requires 0xff fill or there is no sound (it lacks some of the init code of the borench set)
 
 	SEGA_315_5296(config, m_io, XL2_CLOCK/6); // clock divider guessed
@@ -1636,8 +1631,6 @@ void segac2_state::segac(machine_config &config)
 
 	PALETTE(config, m_palette).set_entries(2048*3);
 
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(segac2_state,segac2_new)
-
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "mono").front_center();
 
diff --git a/src/mame/drivers/tsamurai.cpp b/src/mame/drivers/tsamurai.cpp
index 0d2e034f607..426ba8f7ec2 100644
--- a/src/mame/drivers/tsamurai.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/drivers/tsamurai.cpp
@@ -51,26 +51,27 @@ the "America" release.
 
 void tsamurai_state::machine_start()
 {
+	m_textbank1 = 0;
+	m_nmi_enabled = 0;
+
+	m_sound_command1 = 0;
+	m_sound_command2 = 0;
+
+	save_item(NAME(m_sound_command1));
+	save_item(NAME(m_sound_command2));
 	save_item(NAME(m_nmi_enabled));
 }
 
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(tsamurai_state, tsamurai)
+void m660_state::machine_start()
 {
-	save_item(NAME(m_sound_command1));
-	save_item(NAME(m_sound_command2));
-	machine_start();
-}
-
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(tsamurai_state, m660)
-{
-	MACHINE_START_CALL_MEMBER(tsamurai);
+	tsamurai_state::machine_start();
 	save_item(NAME(m_sound_command3));
 }
 
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(tsamurai_state, vsgongf)
+void vsgongf_state::machine_start()
 {
+	tsamurai_state::machine_start();
 	save_item(NAME(m_vsgongf_sound_nmi_enabled));
-	machine_start();
 }
 
 WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::nmi_enable_w)
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ uint8_t tsamurai_state::tsamurai_unknown_d803_r()
 	return 0x6b;
 }
 
-uint8_t tsamurai_state::m660_unknown_d803_r()
+uint8_t m660_state::m660_unknown_d803_r()
 {
 	return 0x53;     // this is what the bootleg patches in.
 }
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ void tsamurai_state::sound_command2_w(uint8_t data)
 	m_audio2->set_input_line(0, HOLD_LINE );
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::m660_sound_command3_w(uint8_t data)
+void m660_state::m660_sound_command3_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_sound_command3 = data;
 	m_audio3->set_input_line(0, HOLD_LINE );
@@ -174,32 +175,32 @@ void tsamurai_state::main_map(address_map &map)
 	map(0xfc00, 0xfc07).w("mainlatch", FUNC(ls259_device::write_d0));
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::m660_map(address_map &map)
+void m660_state::m660_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0xbfff).rom();
 	map(0xc000, 0xcfff).ram();
 
 	/* protection? - there are writes as well...*/
-	map(0xd803, 0xd803).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::m660_unknown_d803_r));
-	map(0xd806, 0xd806).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::unknown_d806_r));
-	map(0xd900, 0xd900).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::unknown_d900_r));
-	map(0xd938, 0xd938).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::unknown_d938_r));
+	map(0xd803, 0xd803).r(FUNC(m660_state::m660_unknown_d803_r));
+	map(0xd806, 0xd806).r(FUNC(m660_state::unknown_d806_r));
+	map(0xd900, 0xd900).r(FUNC(m660_state::unknown_d900_r));
+	map(0xd938, 0xd938).r(FUNC(m660_state::unknown_d938_r));
 
-	map(0xe000, 0xe3ff).ram().w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::fg_videoram_w)).share("videoram");
-	map(0xe400, 0xe43f).ram().w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::fg_colorram_w)).share("colorram");
+	map(0xe000, 0xe3ff).ram().w(FUNC(m660_state::fg_videoram_w)).share("videoram");
+	map(0xe400, 0xe43f).ram().w(FUNC(m660_state::fg_colorram_w)).share("colorram");
 	map(0xe440, 0xe7ff).ram();
-	map(0xe800, 0xefff).ram().w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::bg_videoram_w)).share("bg_videoram");
+	map(0xe800, 0xefff).ram().w(FUNC(m660_state::bg_videoram_w)).share("bg_videoram");
 	map(0xf000, 0xf3ff).ram().share("spriteram");
 
 	map(0xf400, 0xf400).nopw();/* This is always written with F401, F402 & F403 data */
-	map(0xf401, 0xf401).w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::m660_sound_command3_w));
-	map(0xf402, 0xf402).w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::sound_command2_w));
-	map(0xf403, 0xf403).w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::sound_command1_w));
+	map(0xf401, 0xf401).w(FUNC(m660_state::m660_sound_command3_w));
+	map(0xf402, 0xf402).w(FUNC(m660_state::sound_command2_w));
+	map(0xf403, 0xf403).w(FUNC(m660_state::sound_command1_w));
 
 	map(0xf800, 0xf800).portr("P1");
-	map(0xf801, 0xf801).portr("P2").w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::bgcolor_w));
-	map(0xf802, 0xf802).portr("SYSTEM").w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::scrolly_w));
-	map(0xf803, 0xf803).w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::scrollx_w));
+	map(0xf801, 0xf801).portr("P2").w(FUNC(m660_state::bgcolor_w));
+	map(0xf802, 0xf802).portr("SYSTEM").w(FUNC(m660_state::scrolly_w));
+	map(0xf803, 0xf803).w(FUNC(m660_state::scrollx_w));
 	map(0xf804, 0xf804).portr("DSW1");
 	map(0xf805, 0xf805).portr("DSW2");
 
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ void tsamurai_state::z80_io_map(address_map &map)
 	map(0x00, 0x01).w("aysnd", FUNC(ay8910_device::address_data_w));
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::z80_m660_io_map(address_map &map)
+void m660_state::z80_m660_io_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map.global_mask(0xff);
 	map(0x00, 0x00).nopw();        /* ? */
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ void tsamurai_state::z80_m660_io_map(address_map &map)
 	map(0x02, 0x02).nopw();        /* Always follows above with 0x01 data */
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::vsgongf_audio_io_map(address_map &map)
+void vsgongf_state::vsgongf_audio_io_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map.global_mask(0xff);
 	map(0x00, 0x01).w("aysnd", FUNC(ay8910_device::address_data_w));
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ uint8_t tsamurai_state::sound_command2_r()
 	return m_sound_command2;
 }
 
-uint8_t tsamurai_state::m660_sound_command3_r()
+uint8_t m660_state::m660_sound_command3_r()
 {
 	return m_sound_command3;
 }
@@ -264,10 +265,10 @@ void tsamurai_state::sound2_map(address_map &map)
 
 /*******************************************************************************/
 
-void tsamurai_state::sound1_m660_map(address_map &map)
+void m660_state::sound1_m660_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x3fff).rom();
-	map(0xc000, 0xc000).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::sound_command1_r));
+	map(0xc000, 0xc000).r(FUNC(m660_state::sound_command1_r));
 	map(0xc001, 0xc001).nopw(); /* ? - probably clear IRQ */
 	map(0xc002, 0xc002).w("dac1", FUNC(dac_byte_interface::data_w));
 	map(0x8000, 0x87ff).ram();
@@ -275,10 +276,10 @@ void tsamurai_state::sound1_m660_map(address_map &map)
 
 /*******************************************************************************/
 
-void tsamurai_state::sound2_m660_map(address_map &map)
+void m660_state::sound2_m660_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x3fff).rom();
-	map(0xc000, 0xc000).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::sound_command2_r));
+	map(0xc000, 0xc000).r(FUNC(m660_state::sound_command2_r));
 	map(0xc001, 0xc001).nopw(); /* ? - probably clear IRQ */
 	map(0xc002, 0xc002).w("dac2", FUNC(dac_byte_interface::data_w));
 	map(0x8000, 0x87ff).ram();
@@ -286,16 +287,16 @@ void tsamurai_state::sound2_m660_map(address_map &map)
 
 /*******************************************************************************/
 
-void tsamurai_state::sound3_m660_map(address_map &map)
+void m660_state::sound3_m660_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x7fff).rom();
-	map(0xc000, 0xc000).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::m660_sound_command3_r));
+	map(0xc000, 0xc000).r(FUNC(m660_state::m660_sound_command3_r));
 	map(0xc001, 0xc001).nopw(); /* ? - probably clear IRQ */
 	map(0x8000, 0x87ff).ram();
 	map(0xfffc, 0xffff).ram(); /* CPU writes here - music data */
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::sound3_m660_io_map(address_map &map)
+void m660_state::sound3_m660_io_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map.global_mask(0xff);
 	map(0x00, 0x01).w("aysnd", FUNC(ay8910_device::address_data_w));
@@ -303,12 +304,12 @@ void tsamurai_state::sound3_m660_io_map(address_map &map)
 
 /*******************************************************************************/
 
-void tsamurai_state::vsgongf_sound_nmi_enable_w(uint8_t data)
+void vsgongf_state::vsgongf_sound_nmi_enable_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_vsgongf_sound_nmi_enabled = data;
 }
 
-INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_sound_interrupt)
+INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(vsgongf_state::vsgongf_sound_interrupt)
 {
 	if (m_vsgongf_sound_nmi_enabled)
 		device.execute().pulse_input_line(INPUT_LINE_NMI, attotime::zero);
@@ -316,7 +317,7 @@ INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_sound_interrupt)
 
 /* what are these, protection of some kind? */
 
-uint8_t tsamurai_state::vsgongf_a006_r()
+uint8_t vsgongf_state::vsgongf_a006_r()
 {
 	/* sound CPU busy? */
 	if (!strcmp(machine().system().name,"vsgongf"))  return 0x80;
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@ uint8_t tsamurai_state::vsgongf_a006_r()
 	return 0x00;
 }
 
-uint8_t tsamurai_state::vsgongf_a100_r()
+uint8_t vsgongf_state::vsgongf_a100_r()
 {
 	/* protection? */
 	if (!strcmp(machine().system().name,"vsgongf"))  return 0xaa;
@@ -338,25 +339,25 @@ uint8_t tsamurai_state::vsgongf_a100_r()
 	return 0x00;
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::vsgongf_sound_command_w(uint8_t data)
+void vsgongf_state::vsgongf_sound_command_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_soundlatch->write(data);
 	m_audiocpu->pulse_input_line(INPUT_LINE_NMI, attotime::zero);
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::vsgongf_map(address_map &map)
+void vsgongf_state::vsgongf_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x7fff).rom();
 	map(0xa003, 0xa003).readonly();
-	map(0xa006, 0xa006).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_a006_r)); /* protection */
-	map(0xa100, 0xa100).r(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_a100_r)); /* protection */
+	map(0xa006, 0xa006).r(FUNC(vsgongf_state::vsgongf_a006_r)); /* protection */
+	map(0xa100, 0xa100).r(FUNC(vsgongf_state::vsgongf_a100_r)); /* protection */
 	map(0xc000, 0xc7ff).ram();                  /* work ram */
-	map(0xe000, 0xe3ff).ram().w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::fg_videoram_w)).share("videoram");
+	map(0xe000, 0xe3ff).ram().w(FUNC(vsgongf_state::fg_videoram_w)).share("videoram");
 	map(0xe400, 0xe43f).ram().share("spriteram");
 	map(0xe440, 0xe47b).ram();
-	map(0xe800, 0xe800).w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_sound_command_w));
+	map(0xe800, 0xe800).w(FUNC(vsgongf_state::vsgongf_sound_command_w));
 	map(0xec00, 0xec06).nopw();
-	map(0xf000, 0xf000).w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_color_w));
+	map(0xf000, 0xf000).w(FUNC(vsgongf_state::vsgongf_color_w));
 	map(0xf400, 0xf400).nopw(); /* vreg? always 0 */
 	map(0xf800, 0xf800).portr("P1");
 	map(0xf801, 0xf801).portr("P2");
@@ -369,11 +370,11 @@ void tsamurai_state::vsgongf_map(address_map &map)
 	map(0xfc00, 0xfc07).w("mainlatch", FUNC(ls259_device::write_d0));
 }
 
-void tsamurai_state::sound_vsgongf_map(address_map &map)
+void vsgongf_state::sound_vsgongf_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x3fff).rom();
 	map(0x6000, 0x63ff).ram(); /* work RAM */
-	map(0x8000, 0x8000).r(m_soundlatch, FUNC(generic_latch_8_device::read)).w(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_sound_nmi_enable_w)); /* NMI enable */
+	map(0x8000, 0x8000).r(m_soundlatch, FUNC(generic_latch_8_device::read)).w(FUNC(vsgongf_state::vsgongf_sound_nmi_enable_w)); /* NMI enable */
 	map(0xa000, 0xa000).w("dac", FUNC(dac_byte_interface::data_w));
 }
 
@@ -739,7 +740,6 @@ void tsamurai_state::tsamurai(machine_config &config)
 	Z80(config, m_audio2, XTAL(24'000'000)/8);
 	m_audio2->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tsamurai_state::sound2_map);
 
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(tsamurai_state,tsamurai)
 
 	ls259_device &mainlatch(LS259(config, "mainlatch"));
 	mainlatch.q_out_cb<0>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::flip_screen_w));
@@ -760,7 +760,6 @@ void tsamurai_state::tsamurai(machine_config &config)
 
 	GFXDECODE(config, m_gfxdecode, m_palette, gfx_tsamurai);
 	PALETTE(config, m_palette, palette_device::RGB_444_PROMS, "proms", 256);
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(tsamurai_state,tsamurai)
 
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "speaker").front_center();
@@ -772,25 +771,23 @@ void tsamurai_state::tsamurai(machine_config &config)
 }
 
 
-void tsamurai_state::vsgongf(machine_config &config)
+void vsgongf_state::vsgongf(machine_config &config)
 {
 	/* basic machine hardware */
 	Z80(config, m_maincpu, XTAL(24'000'000)/8);
-	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tsamurai_state::vsgongf_map);
+	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &vsgongf_state::vsgongf_map);
 
 	Z80(config, m_audiocpu, XTAL(24'000'000)/8);
-	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tsamurai_state::sound_vsgongf_map);
-	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &tsamurai_state::vsgongf_audio_io_map);
-	m_audiocpu->set_periodic_int(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vsgongf_sound_interrupt), attotime::from_hz(3*60));
-
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(tsamurai_state,vsgongf)
+	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &vsgongf_state::sound_vsgongf_map);
+	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &vsgongf_state::vsgongf_audio_io_map);
+	m_audiocpu->set_periodic_int(FUNC(vsgongf_state::vsgongf_sound_interrupt), attotime::from_hz(3*60));
 
 	ls259_device &mainlatch(LS259(config, "mainlatch")); // 4L
 	mainlatch.q_out_cb<0>().set_nop(); // vreg? always 0
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<1>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::nmi_enable_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<2>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::coin1_counter_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<3>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::coin2_counter_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<4>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::textbank1_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<1>().set(FUNC(vsgongf_state::nmi_enable_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<2>().set(FUNC(vsgongf_state::coin1_counter_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<3>().set(FUNC(vsgongf_state::coin2_counter_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<4>().set(FUNC(vsgongf_state::textbank1_w));
 
 	/* video hardware */
 	screen_device &screen(SCREEN(config, "screen", SCREEN_TYPE_RASTER));
@@ -798,13 +795,12 @@ void tsamurai_state::vsgongf(machine_config &config)
 	screen.set_vblank_time(ATTOSECONDS_IN_USEC(2500) /* not accurate */);
 	screen.set_size(32*8, 32*8);
 	screen.set_visarea(0, 255, 16, 255-16);
-	screen.set_screen_update(FUNC(tsamurai_state::screen_update_vsgongf));
+	screen.set_screen_update(FUNC(vsgongf_state::screen_update_vsgongf));
 	screen.set_palette(m_palette);
-	screen.screen_vblank().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vblank_irq));
+	screen.screen_vblank().set(FUNC(vsgongf_state::vblank_irq));
 
 	GFXDECODE(config, m_gfxdecode, m_palette, gfx_tsamurai);
 	PALETTE(config, m_palette, palette_device::RGB_444_PROMS, "proms", 256);
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(tsamurai_state,vsgongf)
 
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "speaker").front_center();
@@ -817,32 +813,31 @@ void tsamurai_state::vsgongf(machine_config &config)
 }
 
 
-void tsamurai_state::m660(machine_config &config)
+void m660_state::m660(machine_config &config)
 {
 	/* basic machine hardware */
 	Z80(config, m_maincpu, XTAL(24'000'000)/8);
-	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tsamurai_state::m660_map);
-	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &tsamurai_state::z80_m660_io_map);
+	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &m660_state::m660_map);
+	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &m660_state::z80_m660_io_map);
 
 	Z80(config, m_audiocpu, XTAL(24'000'000)/8);
-	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tsamurai_state::sound1_m660_map);
+	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &m660_state::sound1_m660_map);
 
 	Z80(config, m_audio2, XTAL(24'000'000)/8);
-	m_audio2->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tsamurai_state::sound2_m660_map);
+	m_audio2->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &m660_state::sound2_m660_map);
 
 	Z80(config, m_audio3, XTAL(24'000'000)/8);
-	m_audio3->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tsamurai_state::sound3_m660_map);
-	m_audio3->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &tsamurai_state::sound3_m660_io_map);
+	m_audio3->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &m660_state::sound3_m660_map);
+	m_audio3->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &m660_state::sound3_m660_io_map);
 
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(tsamurai_state,m660)
 
 	ls259_device &mainlatch(LS259(config, "mainlatch"));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<0>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::flip_screen_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<1>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::nmi_enable_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<2>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::textbank1_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<3>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::coin1_counter_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<4>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::coin2_counter_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<7>().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::textbank2_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<0>().set(FUNC(m660_state::flip_screen_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<1>().set(FUNC(m660_state::nmi_enable_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<2>().set(FUNC(m660_state::textbank1_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<3>().set(FUNC(m660_state::coin1_counter_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<4>().set(FUNC(m660_state::coin2_counter_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<7>().set(FUNC(m660_state::textbank2_w));
 
 	/* video hardware */
 	screen_device &screen(SCREEN(config, "screen", SCREEN_TYPE_RASTER));
@@ -850,14 +845,13 @@ void tsamurai_state::m660(machine_config &config)
 	screen.set_vblank_time(ATTOSECONDS_IN_USEC(2500) /* not accurate */);
 	screen.set_size(32*8, 32*8);
 	screen.set_visarea(0, 255, 16, 255-16);
-	screen.set_screen_update(FUNC(tsamurai_state::screen_update));
+	screen.set_screen_update(FUNC(m660_state::screen_update));
 	screen.set_palette(m_palette);
-	screen.screen_vblank().set(FUNC(tsamurai_state::vblank_irq));
+	screen.screen_vblank().set(FUNC(m660_state::vblank_irq));
 	screen.screen_vblank().append_inputline(m_audio3, INPUT_LINE_NMI);
 
 	GFXDECODE(config, m_gfxdecode, m_palette, gfx_tsamurai);
 	PALETTE(config, m_palette, palette_device::RGB_444_PROMS, "proms", 256);
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(tsamurai_state,m660)
 
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "speaker").front_center();
@@ -1382,15 +1376,15 @@ ROM_START( ringfgt2 )
 	ROM_LOAD( "rft-13.6p", 0x200, 0x0100, CRC(0e4fd17a) SHA1(d4e32bd9dd903177af61f77976a25c5db1467bba) )
 ROM_END
 
-void tsamurai_state::init_the26thz()
+void m660_state::init_the26thz()
 {
 	m_maincpu->space(AS_PROGRAM).unmap_read(0xd803, 0xd803);
-	m_maincpu->space(AS_PROGRAM).install_read_handler(0xd803, 0xd803, read8smo_delegate(*this, FUNC(tsamurai_state::tsamurai_unknown_d803_r)));
+	m_maincpu->space(AS_PROGRAM).install_read_handler(0xd803, 0xd803, read8smo_delegate(*this, FUNC(m660_state::tsamurai_unknown_d803_r)));
 }
 
-GAME( 1984, vsgongf,   0,        vsgongf,  vsgongf,   tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko", "VS Gong Fight", MACHINE_IMPERFECT_COLORS | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_UNEMULATED_PROTECTION )
-GAME( 1984, ringfgt,   vsgongf,  vsgongf,  vsgongf,   tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko (Taito license)", "Ring Fighter (set 1)", MACHINE_IMPERFECT_COLORS | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
-GAME( 1984, ringfgt2,  vsgongf,  vsgongf,  vsgongf,   tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko (Taito license)", "Ring Fighter (set 2)", MACHINE_IMPERFECT_COLORS | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
+GAME( 1984, vsgongf,   0,        vsgongf,  vsgongf,   vsgongf_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko", "VS Gong Fight", MACHINE_IMPERFECT_COLORS | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_UNEMULATED_PROTECTION )
+GAME( 1984, ringfgt,   vsgongf,  vsgongf,  vsgongf,   vsgongf_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko (Taito license)", "Ring Fighter (set 1)", MACHINE_IMPERFECT_COLORS | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
+GAME( 1984, ringfgt2,  vsgongf,  vsgongf,  vsgongf,   vsgongf_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko (Taito license)", "Ring Fighter (set 2)", MACHINE_IMPERFECT_COLORS | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
 
 GAME( 1985, tsamurai,  0,        tsamurai, tsamurai,  tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko / Taito", "Samurai Nihon-Ichi (set 1)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
 GAME( 1985, tsamurai2, tsamurai, tsamurai, tsamurai,  tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko / Taito", "Samurai Nihon-Ichi (set 2)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
@@ -1402,8 +1396,8 @@ GAME( 1985, nunchaku,  ladymstr, tsamurai, nunchaku,  tsamurai_state, empty_init
 
 GAME( 1985, yamagchi,  0,        tsamurai, yamagchi,  tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Kaneko / Taito", "Go Go Mr. Yamaguchi / Yuke Yuke Yamaguchi-kun", MACHINE_IMPERFECT_COLORS | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
 
-GAME( 1986, m660,      0,        m660,     m660,      tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Wood Place Co. Ltd. (Taito America Corporation license)", "Mission 660 (US)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
-GAME( 1986, m660j,     m660,     m660,     m660,      tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Wood Place Co. Ltd. (Taito Corporation license)", "Mission 660 (Japan)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
-GAME( 1986, m660b,     m660,     m660,     m660,      tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "bootleg", "Mission 660 (bootleg)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
-GAME( 1986, alphaxz,   m660,     m660,     m660,      tsamurai_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Ed Co., Ltd. (Wood Place Co., Ltd. license)", "The Alphax Z (Japan)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
-GAME( 1986, the26thz,  m660,     m660,     m660,      tsamurai_state, init_the26thz, ROT90, "Ed Co., Ltd. (Taito license)", "The 26th Z (Japan, location test)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
+GAME( 1986, m660,      0,        m660,     m660,      m660_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Wood Place Co. Ltd. (Taito America Corporation license)", "Mission 660 (US)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
+GAME( 1986, m660j,     m660,     m660,     m660,      m660_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Wood Place Co. Ltd. (Taito Corporation license)", "Mission 660 (Japan)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
+GAME( 1986, m660b,     m660,     m660,     m660,      m660_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "bootleg", "Mission 660 (bootleg)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
+GAME( 1986, alphaxz,   m660,     m660,     m660,      m660_state, empty_init,    ROT90, "Ed Co., Ltd. (Wood Place Co., Ltd. license)", "The Alphax Z (Japan)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
+GAME( 1986, the26thz,  m660,     m660,     m660,      m660_state, init_the26thz, ROT90, "Ed Co., Ltd. (Taito license)", "The 26th Z (Japan, location test)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )
diff --git a/src/mame/drivers/tubep.cpp b/src/mame/drivers/tubep.cpp
index ff34c23d8ed..ff76fc10eb5 100644
--- a/src/mame/drivers/tubep.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/drivers/tubep.cpp
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ void tubep_state::tubep_setup_save_state()
 
 
 
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(tubep_state,tubep)
+void tubep_state::machine_start()
 {
 	/* Create interrupt timer */
 	m_interrupt_timer = timer_alloc(TIMER_TUBEP_SCANLINE);
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ MACHINE_START_MEMBER(tubep_state,tubep)
 }
 
 
-MACHINE_RESET_MEMBER(tubep_state,tubep)
+void tubep_state::machine_reset()
 {
 	m_interrupt_timer->adjust(m_screen->time_until_pos(0));
 }
@@ -374,16 +374,16 @@ void tubep_state::nsc_map(address_map &map)
  *
  *************************************/
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_main_map(address_map &map)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_main_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x9fff).rom();
 	map(0xa000, 0xa7ff).ram();                                 /* MB8416 SRAM on daughterboard on main PCB (there are two SRAMs, this is the one on the left) */
-	map(0xc000, 0xc7ff).w(FUNC(tubep_state::tubep_textram_w)).share("textram");/* RAM on GFX PCB @B13 */
+	map(0xc000, 0xc7ff).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::tubep_textram_w)).share("textram");/* RAM on GFX PCB @B13 */
 	map(0xe000, 0xe7ff).ram().share("share1");                      /* MB8416 SRAM on daughterboard (the one on the right) */
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_main_portmap(address_map &map)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_main_portmap(address_map &map)
 {
 	map.global_mask(0xff);
 	map(0x00, 0x00).portr("DSW2");   /* a bug in game code (during attract mode) */
@@ -394,12 +394,12 @@ void tubep_state::rjammer_main_portmap(address_map &map)
 	map(0xc0, 0xc0).portr("P2");
 
 	map(0xd0, 0xd7).w("mainlatch", FUNC(ls259_device::write_d0));
-	map(0xe0, 0xe0).w(FUNC(tubep_state::main_cpu_irq_line_clear_w));    /* clear IRQ interrupt */
+	map(0xe0, 0xe0).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::main_cpu_irq_line_clear_w));    /* clear IRQ interrupt */
 	map(0xf0, 0xf0).w("soundlatch", FUNC(generic_latch_8_device::write));
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_second_map(address_map &map)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_second_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x7fff).rom();
 	map(0xa000, 0xa7ff).ram();                         /* M5M5117P @21G */
@@ -409,11 +409,11 @@ void tubep_state::rjammer_second_map(address_map &map)
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_second_portmap(address_map &map)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_second_portmap(address_map &map)
 {
 	map.global_mask(0xff);
-	map(0xb0, 0xb0).w(FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_background_page_w));
-	map(0xd0, 0xd0).w(FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_background_LS377_w));
+	map(0xb0, 0xb0).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_background_page_w));
+	map(0xd0, 0xd0).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_background_LS377_w));
 }
 
 
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ TIMER_CALLBACK_MEMBER(tubep_state::rjammer_scanline_callback)
 }
 
 
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(tubep_state,rjammer)
+void rjammer_state::machine_start()
 {
 	/* Create interrupt timer */
 	m_interrupt_timer = timer_alloc(TIMER_RJAMMER_SCANLINE);
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ MACHINE_START_MEMBER(tubep_state,rjammer)
 	tubep_setup_save_state();
 }
 
-MACHINE_RESET_MEMBER(tubep_state,rjammer)
+void rjammer_state::machine_reset()
 {
 	m_interrupt_timer->adjust(m_screen->time_until_pos(0));
 }
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ MACHINE_RESET_MEMBER(tubep_state,rjammer)
  *
  *************************************/
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_startstop_w(uint8_t data)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_startstop_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	/* bit 0 of data selects voice start/stop (reset pin on MSM5205)*/
 	// 0 -stop; 1-start
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_startstop_w(uint8_t data)
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_frequency_select_w(uint8_t data)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_frequency_select_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	/* bit 0 of data selects voice frequency on MSM5205 */
 	// 0 -4 KHz; 1- 8KHz
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_frequency_select_w(uint8_t data)
 }
 
 
-WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(tubep_state::rjammer_adpcm_vck)
+WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(rjammer_state::rjammer_adpcm_vck)
 {
 	m_ls74 = (m_ls74 + 1) & 1;
 
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(tubep_state::rjammer_adpcm_vck)
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_input_w(uint8_t data)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_input_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	/* 8 bits of adpcm data for MSM5205 */
 	/* need to buffer the data, and switch two nibbles on two following interrupts*/
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_input_w(uint8_t data)
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_intensity_control_w(uint8_t data)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_intensity_control_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	/* 4 LSB bits select the intensity (analog circuit that alters the output from MSM5205) */
 	/* need to buffer the data */
@@ -562,24 +562,24 @@ void tubep_state::rjammer_voice_intensity_control_w(uint8_t data)
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_sound_map(address_map &map)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_sound_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x7fff).rom();
 	map(0xe000, 0xe7ff).ram();     /* M5M5117P (M58125P @2C on schematics) */
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_sound_portmap(address_map &map)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_sound_portmap(address_map &map)
 {
 	map.global_mask(0xff);
 	map(0x00, 0x00).r("soundlatch", FUNC(generic_latch_8_device::read));
-	map(0x10, 0x10).w(FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_voice_startstop_w));
-	map(0x18, 0x18).w(FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_voice_frequency_select_w));
-	map(0x80, 0x80).w(FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_voice_input_w));
+	map(0x10, 0x10).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_startstop_w));
+	map(0x18, 0x18).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_frequency_select_w));
+	map(0x80, 0x80).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_input_w));
 	map(0x90, 0x91).w("ay1", FUNC(ay8910_device::address_data_w));
 	map(0x92, 0x93).w("ay2", FUNC(ay8910_device::address_data_w));
 	map(0x94, 0x95).w("ay3", FUNC(ay8910_device::address_data_w));
-	map(0x96, 0x96).w(FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_voice_intensity_control_w));
+	map(0x96, 0x96).w(FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_voice_intensity_control_w));
 }
 
 
@@ -839,9 +839,6 @@ void tubep_state::tubep(machine_config &config)
 	GENERIC_LATCH_8(config, m_soundlatch);
 	m_soundlatch->set_separate_acknowledge(true);
 
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(tubep_state,tubep)
-	MCFG_MACHINE_RESET_OVERRIDE(tubep_state,tubep)
-
 	/* video hardware */
 	SCREEN(config, m_screen, SCREEN_TYPE_RASTER);
 	m_screen->set_refresh_hz(60);
@@ -882,65 +879,62 @@ void tubep_state::tubepb(machine_config &config)
 	//m_screen->screen_vblank().set_inputline(m_mcu, INPUT_LINE_NMI);
 }
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer(machine_config &config)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer(machine_config &config)
 {
 	/* basic machine hardware */
 	Z80(config, m_maincpu, 16000000 / 4);   /* 4 MHz */
-	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tubep_state::rjammer_main_map);
-	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &tubep_state::rjammer_main_portmap);
+	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &rjammer_state::rjammer_main_map);
+	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &rjammer_state::rjammer_main_portmap);
 
 	Z80(config, m_slave, 16000000 / 4);     /* 4 MHz */
-	m_slave->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tubep_state::rjammer_second_map);
-	m_slave->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &tubep_state::rjammer_second_portmap);
+	m_slave->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &rjammer_state::rjammer_second_map);
+	m_slave->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &rjammer_state::rjammer_second_portmap);
 
 	Z80(config, m_soundcpu, 19968000 / 8);  /* X2 19968000 Hz divided by LS669 (on Qc output) (signal RH0) */
-	m_soundcpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tubep_state::rjammer_sound_map);
-	m_soundcpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &tubep_state::rjammer_sound_portmap);
+	m_soundcpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &rjammer_state::rjammer_sound_map);
+	m_soundcpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &rjammer_state::rjammer_sound_portmap);
 
 	GENERIC_LATCH_8(config, "soundlatch").data_pending_callback().set_inputline(m_soundcpu, INPUT_LINE_NMI);
 
 	NSC8105(config, m_mcu, 6000000);    /* 6 MHz Xtal - divided internally ??? */
 	m_mcu->set_ram_enable(false);
-	m_mcu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &tubep_state::nsc_map);
+	m_mcu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &rjammer_state::nsc_map);
 
 	ls259_device &mainlatch(LS259(config, "mainlatch")); // 3A
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<0>().set(FUNC(tubep_state::coin1_counter_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<1>().set(FUNC(tubep_state::coin2_counter_w));
-	mainlatch.q_out_cb<5>().set(FUNC(tubep_state::screen_flip_w));
-
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(tubep_state,rjammer)
-	MCFG_MACHINE_RESET_OVERRIDE(tubep_state,rjammer)
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<0>().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::coin1_counter_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<1>().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::coin2_counter_w));
+	mainlatch.q_out_cb<5>().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::screen_flip_w));
 
 	/* video hardware */
 	SCREEN(config, m_screen, SCREEN_TYPE_RASTER);
 	m_screen->set_refresh_hz(60);
 	m_screen->set_size(256, 264);
 	m_screen->set_visarea(0*8, 32*8-1, 2*8, 30*8-1);
-	m_screen->set_screen_update(FUNC(tubep_state::screen_update_rjammer));
+	m_screen->set_screen_update(FUNC(rjammer_state::screen_update_rjammer));
 	m_screen->set_palette("palette");
 
-	PALETTE(config, "palette", FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_palette), 64);
+	PALETTE(config, "palette", FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_palette), 64);
 
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "mono").front_center();
 
 	ay8910_device &ay1(AY8910(config, "ay1", 19968000 / 8 / 2));
-	ay1.port_a_write_callback().set(FUNC(tubep_state::ay8910_portA_0_w));
-	ay1.port_b_write_callback().set(FUNC(tubep_state::ay8910_portB_0_w));
+	ay1.port_a_write_callback().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::ay8910_portA_0_w));
+	ay1.port_b_write_callback().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::ay8910_portB_0_w));
 	ay1.add_route(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 0.10);
 
 	ay8910_device &ay2(AY8910(config, "ay2", 19968000 / 8 / 2));
-	ay2.port_a_write_callback().set(FUNC(tubep_state::ay8910_portA_1_w));
-	ay2.port_b_write_callback().set(FUNC(tubep_state::ay8910_portB_1_w));
+	ay2.port_a_write_callback().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::ay8910_portA_1_w));
+	ay2.port_b_write_callback().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::ay8910_portB_1_w));
 	ay2.add_route(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 0.10);
 
 	ay8910_device &ay3(AY8910(config, "ay3", 19968000 / 8 / 2));
-	ay3.port_a_write_callback().set(FUNC(tubep_state::ay8910_portA_2_w));
-	ay3.port_b_write_callback().set(FUNC(tubep_state::ay8910_portB_2_w));
+	ay3.port_a_write_callback().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::ay8910_portA_2_w));
+	ay3.port_b_write_callback().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::ay8910_portB_2_w));
 	ay3.add_route(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 0.10);
 
 	MSM5205(config, m_msm, 384000);
-	m_msm->vck_legacy_callback().set(FUNC(tubep_state::rjammer_adpcm_vck));     /* VCK function */
+	m_msm->vck_legacy_callback().set(FUNC(rjammer_state::rjammer_adpcm_vck));     /* VCK function */
 	m_msm->set_prescaler_selector(msm5205_device::S48_4B);  /* 8 KHz (changes at run time) */
 	m_msm->add_route(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 1.0);
 }
@@ -1144,4 +1138,5 @@ ROM_END
 //    year  rom      parent  machine  inp      state        init
 GAME( 1984, tubep,   0,      tubep,   tubep,   tubep_state, empty_init, ROT0, "Nichibutsu / Fujitek", "Tube Panic",           MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_IMPERFECT_SOUND )
 GAME( 1984, tubepb,  tubep,  tubepb,  tubepb,  tubep_state, empty_init, ROT0, "bootleg",              "Tube Panic (bootleg)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_IMPERFECT_SOUND )
-GAME( 1984, rjammer, 0,      rjammer, rjammer, tubep_state, empty_init, ROT0, "Nichibutsu / Alice",   "Roller Jammer",        MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_IMPERFECT_SOUND )
+
+GAME( 1984, rjammer, 0,      rjammer, rjammer, rjammer_state, empty_init, ROT0, "Nichibutsu / Alice",   "Roller Jammer",        MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_IMPERFECT_SOUND )
diff --git a/src/mame/drivers/wecleman.cpp b/src/mame/drivers/wecleman.cpp
index 363cd1dcd13..69d55f85e64 100644
--- a/src/mame/drivers/wecleman.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/drivers/wecleman.cpp
@@ -551,22 +551,22 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman_map(address_map &map)
 
 
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_map(address_map &map)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x000000, 0x03ffff).rom();
 	map(0x040000, 0x041fff).ram();                                 // RAM
 	map(0x060000, 0x063fff).ram();                                 // RAM
-	map(0x080000, 0x080011).ram().w(FUNC(wecleman_state::blitter_w)).share("blitter_regs");   // Blitter
+	map(0x080000, 0x080011).ram().w(FUNC(hotchase_state::blitter_w)).share("blitter_regs");   // Blitter
 	map(0x100000, 0x100fff).rw("k051316_1", FUNC(k051316_device::read), FUNC(k051316_device::write)).umask16(0x00ff); // Background
 	map(0x101000, 0x10101f).w("k051316_1", FUNC(k051316_device::ctrl_w)).umask16(0x00ff);   // Background Ctrl
 	map(0x102000, 0x102fff).rw("k051316_2", FUNC(k051316_device::read), FUNC(k051316_device::write)).umask16(0x00ff); // Foreground
 	map(0x103000, 0x10301f).w("k051316_2", FUNC(k051316_device::ctrl_w)).umask16(0x00ff);   // Foreground Ctrl
-	map(0x110000, 0x111fff).ram().w(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_paletteram16_SBGRBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w)).share("paletteram");
+	map(0x110000, 0x111fff).ram().w(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_paletteram16_SBGRBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w)).share("paletteram");
 	map(0x120000, 0x123fff).ram().share("share1");                  // Shared with sub CPU
 	map(0x130000, 0x130fff).ram().share("spriteram");   // Sprites
 	map(0x140001, 0x140001).w("soundlatch", FUNC(generic_latch_8_device::write));    // To sound CPU
-	map(0x140002, 0x140003).w(FUNC(wecleman_state::selected_ip_w));    // Selects accelerator / wheel /
-	map(0x140004, 0x140005).w(FUNC(wecleman_state::irqctrl_w));    // Main CPU controls the other CPUs
+	map(0x140002, 0x140003).w(FUNC(hotchase_state::selected_ip_w));    // Selects accelerator / wheel /
+	map(0x140004, 0x140005).w(FUNC(hotchase_state::irqctrl_w));    // Main CPU controls the other CPUs
 	map(0x140006, 0x140007).nopr(); // Watchdog reset
 	map(0x140010, 0x140011).portr("IN0");    // Coins + brake + gear
 	map(0x140012, 0x140013).portr("IN1");    // ?? bit 4 from sound cpu
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman_sub_map(address_map &map)
                         Hot Chase Sub CPU Handlers
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_sub_map(address_map &map)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_sub_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x000000, 0x01ffff).rom(); // ROM
 	map(0x020000, 0x020fff).ram().share("roadram"); // Road
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman_sound_map(address_map &map)
                         Hot Chase Sound CPU Handlers
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_control_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_control_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
 {
 //  int reg[8];
 
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ void wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_control_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
 	}
 }
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_hs_w(uint8_t data)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_hs_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_hotchase_sound_hs = true;
 }
@@ -720,27 +720,27 @@ void wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_hs_w(uint8_t data)
 /* Read and write handlers for one K007232 chip:
    even and odd register are mapped swapped */
 template<int Chip>
-uint8_t wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_r(offs_t offset)
+uint8_t hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_r(offs_t offset)
 {
 	return m_k007232[Chip]->read(offset ^ 1);
 }
 
 template<int Chip>
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_k007232[Chip]->write(offset ^ 1, data);
 }
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_map(address_map &map)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_map(address_map &map)
 {
 	map(0x0000, 0x07ff).ram();
-	map(0x1000, 0x100d).rw(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_r<0>), FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_w<0>));   // 3 x K007232
-	map(0x2000, 0x200d).rw(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_r<1>), FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_w<1>));
-	map(0x3000, 0x300d).rw(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_r<2>), FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_k007232_w<2>));
-	map(0x4000, 0x4007).w(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_control_w)); // Sound volume, banking, etc.
+	map(0x1000, 0x100d).rw(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_r<0>), FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_w<0>));   // 3 x K007232
+	map(0x2000, 0x200d).rw(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_r<1>), FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_w<1>));
+	map(0x3000, 0x300d).rw(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_r<2>), FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_k007232_w<2>));
+	map(0x4000, 0x4007).w(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_control_w)); // Sound volume, banking, etc.
 	map(0x5000, 0x5000).nopw();   // 0 at start of IRQ service, 1 at end (irq mask?)
 	map(0x6000, 0x6000).r("soundlatch", FUNC(generic_latch_8_device::read)); // From main CPU (Read on IRQ)
-	map(0x7000, 0x7000).w(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_hs_w));    // ACK signal to main CPU
+	map(0x7000, 0x7000).w(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_hs_w));    // ACK signal to main CPU
 	map(0x8000, 0xffff).rom();
 }
 
@@ -1031,7 +1031,7 @@ TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(wecleman_state::wecleman_scanline)
 		m_maincpu->set_input_line(5, HOLD_LINE);
 }
 
-TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(wecleman_state::hotchase_scanline)
+TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(hotchase_state::hotchase_scanline)
 {
 	int scanline = param;
 
@@ -1039,12 +1039,12 @@ TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(wecleman_state::hotchase_scanline)
 		m_maincpu->set_input_line(4, HOLD_LINE);
 }
 
-MACHINE_RESET_MEMBER(wecleman_state, wecleman)
+void wecleman_state::machine_reset()
 {
 	m_k007232[0]->set_bank( 0, 1 );
 }
 
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(wecleman_state, wecleman)
+void wecleman_state::machine_start()
 {
 	m_led.resolve();
 }
@@ -1065,9 +1065,6 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman(machine_config &config)
 
 	config.set_maximum_quantum(attotime::from_hz(6000));
 
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(wecleman_state, wecleman)
-	MCFG_MACHINE_RESET_OVERRIDE(wecleman_state, wecleman)
-
 	adc0804_device &adc(ADC0804(config, "adc", 640000)); // unknown "ADCCLK" (generated on video board?)
 	adc.vin_callback().set(FUNC(wecleman_state::selected_ip_r));
 
@@ -1083,8 +1080,6 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman(machine_config &config)
 
 	PALETTE(config, m_palette).set_entries(2048);
 
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(wecleman_state,wecleman)
-
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "lspeaker").front_left();
 	SPEAKER(config, "rspeaker").front_right();
@@ -1104,17 +1099,12 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman(machine_config &config)
                         Hot Chase Hardware Definitions
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_timer)
+INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_timer)
 {
 	device.execute().set_input_line(M6809_FIRQ_LINE, HOLD_LINE);
 }
 
-MACHINE_START_MEMBER(wecleman_state, hotchase)
-{
-	m_led.resolve();
-}
-
-MACHINE_RESET_MEMBER(wecleman_state, hotchase)
+void hotchase_state::machine_reset()
 {
 	int i;
 
@@ -1128,27 +1118,24 @@ MACHINE_RESET_MEMBER(wecleman_state, hotchase)
 }
 
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase(machine_config &config)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase(machine_config &config)
 {
 	/* basic machine hardware */
 	M68000(config, m_maincpu, 10000000);   /* 10 MHz - PCB is drawn in one set's readme */
-	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &wecleman_state::hotchase_map);
-	TIMER(config, "scantimer").configure_scanline(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_scanline), "screen", 0, 1);
+	m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &hotchase_state::hotchase_map);
+	TIMER(config, "scantimer").configure_scanline(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_scanline), "screen", 0, 1);
 
 	M68000(config, m_subcpu, 10000000);   /* 10 MHz - PCB is drawn in one set's readme */
-	m_subcpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &wecleman_state::hotchase_sub_map);
+	m_subcpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &hotchase_state::hotchase_sub_map);
 
 	MC6809E(config, m_audiocpu, 3579545 / 2);    /* 3.579/2 MHz - PCB is drawn in one set's readme */
-	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_map);
-	m_audiocpu->set_periodic_int(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_sound_timer), attotime::from_hz(496));
+	m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_map);
+	m_audiocpu->set_periodic_int(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_sound_timer), attotime::from_hz(496));
 
 	config.set_maximum_quantum(attotime::from_hz(6000));
 
-	MCFG_MACHINE_RESET_OVERRIDE(wecleman_state, hotchase)
-	MCFG_MACHINE_START_OVERRIDE(wecleman_state, hotchase)
-
 	adc0804_device &adc(ADC0804(config, "adc", 640000)); // unknown clock (generated on video board?)
-	adc.vin_callback().set(FUNC(wecleman_state::selected_ip_r));
+	adc.vin_callback().set(FUNC(hotchase_state::selected_ip_r));
 
 	/* video hardware */
 	SCREEN(config, m_screen, SCREEN_TYPE_RASTER);
@@ -1156,24 +1143,22 @@ void wecleman_state::hotchase(machine_config &config)
 	m_screen->set_vblank_time(ATTOSECONDS_IN_USEC(0));
 	m_screen->set_size(320 +16, 256);
 	m_screen->set_visarea(0, 320-1, 0, 224-1);
-	m_screen->set_screen_update(FUNC(wecleman_state::screen_update_hotchase));
+	m_screen->set_screen_update(FUNC(hotchase_state::screen_update_hotchase));
 	m_screen->set_palette(m_palette);
 
 	GFXDECODE(config, m_gfxdecode, m_palette, gfx_hotchase);
 	PALETTE(config, m_palette).set_entries(8192);
 
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(wecleman_state, hotchase)
-
 	K051316(config, m_k051316[0], 0);
 	m_k051316[0]->set_palette(m_palette);
 	m_k051316[0]->set_offsets(-0xb0 / 2, -16);
 	m_k051316[0]->set_wrap(1);
-	m_k051316[0]->set_zoom_callback(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_1));
+	m_k051316[0]->set_zoom_callback(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_1));
 
 	K051316(config, m_k051316[1], 0);
 	m_k051316[1]->set_palette(m_palette);
 	m_k051316[1]->set_offsets(-0xb0 / 2, -16);
-	m_k051316[1]->set_zoom_callback(FUNC(wecleman_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_2));
+	m_k051316[1]->set_zoom_callback(FUNC(hotchase_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_2));
 
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "lspeaker").front_left();
@@ -1690,7 +1675,7 @@ ROM_END
     in a ROM module definition.  This routine unpacks each sprite nibble
     into a byte, doubling the memory consumption. */
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_sprite_decode( int num16_banks, int bank_size )
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_sprite_decode( int num16_banks, int bank_size )
 {
 	uint8_t *base;
 	int i;
@@ -1737,7 +1722,7 @@ void wecleman_state::hotchase_sprite_decode( int num16_banks, int bank_size )
 }
 
 /* Unpack sprites data and do some patching */
-void wecleman_state::init_hotchase()
+void hotchase_state::init_hotchase()
 {
 //  uint16_t *RAM1 = (uint16_t) memregion("maincpu")->base(); /* Main CPU patches */
 //  RAM[0x1140/2] = 0x0015; RAM[0x195c/2] = 0x601A; // faster self test
@@ -1760,5 +1745,5 @@ GAMEL( 1988, weclemanb, wecleman, wecleman, wecleman, wecleman_state, init_wecle
 GAMEL( 1986, weclemanc, wecleman, wecleman, wecleman, wecleman_state, init_wecleman, ROT0, "Konami", "WEC Le Mans 24 (v1.26)", 0, layout_wecleman )
 // a version 1.21 is known to exist too, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l8vYJi1OeU
 
-GAMEL( 1988, hotchase,  0,        hotchase, hotchase, wecleman_state, init_hotchase, ROT0, "Konami", "Hot Chase (set 1)", 0, layout_wecleman )
-GAMEL( 1988, hotchasea, hotchase, hotchase, hotchase, wecleman_state, init_hotchase, ROT0, "Konami", "Hot Chase (set 2)", 0, layout_wecleman )
+GAMEL( 1988, hotchase,  0,        hotchase, hotchase, hotchase_state, init_hotchase, ROT0, "Konami", "Hot Chase (set 1)", 0, layout_wecleman )
+GAMEL( 1988, hotchasea, hotchase, hotchase, hotchase, hotchase_state, init_hotchase, ROT0, "Konami", "Hot Chase (set 2)", 0, layout_wecleman )
diff --git a/src/mame/includes/megadriv.h b/src/mame/includes/megadriv.h
index 0cd19ff39bc..5eeb2ecb7e4 100644
--- a/src/mame/includes/megadriv.h
+++ b/src/mame/includes/megadriv.h
@@ -131,8 +131,6 @@ public:
 
 	void megadriv_stop_scanline_timer();
 
-
-	DECLARE_VIDEO_START( megadriv );
 	uint32_t screen_update_megadriv(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
 	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(screen_vblank_megadriv);
 
@@ -154,6 +152,7 @@ public:
 protected:
 	virtual void machine_start() override;
 	virtual void machine_reset() override;
+	virtual void video_start() override;
 };
 
 class md_cons_state : public md_base_state
diff --git a/src/mame/includes/tsamurai.h b/src/mame/includes/tsamurai.h
index 44aeae901d2..981c7eca517 100644
--- a/src/mame/includes/tsamurai.h
+++ b/src/mame/includes/tsamurai.h
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ public:
 		m_audio3(*this, "audio3"),
 		m_gfxdecode(*this, "gfxdecode"),
 		m_palette(*this, "palette"),
-		m_soundlatch(*this, "soundlatch"),
 		m_videoram(*this, "videoram"),
 		m_colorram(*this, "colorram"),
 		m_bg_videoram(*this, "bg_videoram"),
@@ -28,12 +27,11 @@ public:
 	{ }
 
 	void tsamurai(machine_config &config);
-	void m660(machine_config &config);
-	void vsgongf(machine_config &config);
 
-	void init_the26thz();
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_start() override;
+	virtual void video_start() override;
 
-private:
 	// common
 	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(nmi_enable_w);
 	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(coin1_counter_w);
@@ -56,51 +54,17 @@ private:
 	uint8_t sound_command1_r();
 	uint8_t sound_command2_r();
 
-	// tsamurai specific
+	// tsamurai/the26thz specific
 	uint8_t tsamurai_unknown_d803_r();
 
-	// m660 specific
-	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(textbank2_w);
-	uint8_t m660_unknown_d803_r();
-	void m660_sound_command3_w(uint8_t data);
-	uint8_t m660_sound_command3_r();
-
-	// vsgongf specific
-	void vsgongf_color_w(uint8_t data);
-	void vsgongf_sound_nmi_enable_w(uint8_t data);
-	uint8_t vsgongf_a006_r();
-	uint8_t vsgongf_a100_r();
-	void vsgongf_sound_command_w(uint8_t data);
-
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(m660);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(tsamurai);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(vsgongf);
-	DECLARE_VIDEO_START(m660);
-	DECLARE_VIDEO_START(tsamurai);
-	DECLARE_VIDEO_START(vsgongf);
-
 	uint32_t screen_update(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
-	uint32_t screen_update_vsgongf(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
 
 	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(vblank_irq);
-	INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(vsgongf_sound_interrupt);
 
-	void m660_map(address_map &map);
 	void main_map(address_map &map);
-	void sound1_m660_map(address_map &map);
 	void sound1_map(address_map &map);
-	void sound2_m660_map(address_map &map);
 	void sound2_map(address_map &map);
-	void sound3_m660_io_map(address_map &map);
-	void sound3_m660_map(address_map &map);
-	void sound_vsgongf_map(address_map &map);
-	void vsgongf_audio_io_map(address_map &map);
-	void vsgongf_map(address_map &map);
 	void z80_io_map(address_map &map);
-	void z80_m660_io_map(address_map &map);
-
-	virtual void machine_start() override;
-	virtual void video_start() override;
 
 	required_device<cpu_device> m_maincpu;
 	required_device<cpu_device> m_audiocpu;
@@ -108,7 +72,6 @@ private:
 	optional_device<cpu_device> m_audio3;
 	required_device<gfxdecode_device> m_gfxdecode;
 	required_device<palette_device> m_palette;
-	optional_device<generic_latch_8_device> m_soundlatch; // vsgongf only
 
 	required_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_videoram;
 	optional_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_colorram;
@@ -119,7 +82,6 @@ private:
 	tilemap_t *m_foreground;
 
 	//common
-	int m_flicker;
 	int m_textbank1;
 	int m_nmi_enabled;
 
@@ -128,19 +90,89 @@ private:
 	int m_sound_command1;
 	int m_sound_command2;
 
-	//m660 specific
-	int m_textbank2;
-	int m_sound_command3;
+	virtual TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(get_bg_tile_info);
+	virtual TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(get_fg_tile_info);
+
+	int m_numsprites;
+	void draw_sprites(bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect );
+};
+
+class vsgongf_state : public tsamurai_state
+{
+public:
+	vsgongf_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) :
+		tsamurai_state(mconfig, type, tag),
+		m_soundlatch(*this, "soundlatch")
+	{ }
+
+	void vsgongf(machine_config &config);
+
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_start() override;
+	virtual void video_start() override;
+
+private:
+	optional_device<generic_latch_8_device> m_soundlatch; // vsgongf only
+
+	void sound_vsgongf_map(address_map &map);
+	void vsgongf_audio_io_map(address_map &map);
+	void vsgongf_map(address_map &map);
+
+	// vsgongf specific
+	void vsgongf_color_w(uint8_t data);
+	void vsgongf_sound_nmi_enable_w(uint8_t data);
+	uint8_t vsgongf_a006_r();
+	uint8_t vsgongf_a100_r();
+	void vsgongf_sound_command_w(uint8_t data);
 
 	//vsgongf specific
 	int m_vsgongf_sound_nmi_enabled;
 	int m_vsgongf_color;
 	int m_key_count; //debug only
 
-	TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(get_bg_tile_info);
-	TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(get_fg_tile_info);
+	INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(vsgongf_sound_interrupt);
+
 	TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(get_vsgongf_tile_info);
-	void draw_sprites(bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect );
+
+	uint32_t screen_update_vsgongf(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
+};
+
+class m660_state : public tsamurai_state
+{
+public:
+	m660_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) :
+		tsamurai_state(mconfig, type, tag)
+	{ }
+
+	void m660(machine_config &config);
+
+	void init_the26thz();
+
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_start() override;
+	virtual void video_start() override;
+
+	virtual TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(get_bg_tile_info) override;
+	virtual TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(get_fg_tile_info) override;
+
+private:
+
+	// m660 specific
+	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(textbank2_w);
+	uint8_t m660_unknown_d803_r();
+	void m660_sound_command3_w(uint8_t data);
+	uint8_t m660_sound_command3_r();
+
+	void m660_map(address_map &map);
+	void sound1_m660_map(address_map &map);
+	void sound2_m660_map(address_map &map);
+	void sound3_m660_io_map(address_map &map);
+	void sound3_m660_map(address_map &map);
+	void z80_m660_io_map(address_map &map);
+
+	//m660 specific
+	int m_textbank2;
+	int m_sound_command3;
 };
 
 #endif // MAME_INCLUDES_TSAMURAI_H
diff --git a/src/mame/includes/tubep.h b/src/mame/includes/tubep.h
index 397d9be8907..8f8a9291138 100644
--- a/src/mame/includes/tubep.h
+++ b/src/mame/includes/tubep.h
@@ -25,15 +25,16 @@ public:
 		m_screen(*this, "screen"),
 		m_textram(*this, "textram"),
 		m_backgroundram(*this, "backgroundram"),
-		m_sprite_colorsharedram(*this, "sprite_color"),
-		m_rjammer_backgroundram(*this, "rjammer_bgram")
+		m_sprite_colorsharedram(*this, "sprite_color")
 	{ }
 
 	void tubepb(machine_config &config);
 	void tubep(machine_config &config);
-	void rjammer(machine_config &config);
 
-private:
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_start() override;
+	virtual void machine_reset() override;
+
 	enum
 	{
 		TIMER_TUBEP_SCANLINE,
@@ -51,7 +52,6 @@ private:
 	required_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_textram;
 	optional_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_backgroundram;
 	required_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_sprite_colorsharedram;
-	optional_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_rjammer_backgroundram;
 
 	uint8_t m_ls74;
 	uint8_t m_ls377;
@@ -87,8 +87,6 @@ private:
 	void second_cpu_irq_line_clear_w(uint8_t data);
 	uint8_t tubep_soundlatch_r();
 	uint8_t tubep_sound_irq_ack();
-	void rjammer_voice_input_w(uint8_t data);
-	void rjammer_voice_intensity_control_w(uint8_t data);
 	void tubep_textram_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data);
 	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(screen_flip_w);
 	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(background_romselect_w);
@@ -96,40 +94,25 @@ private:
 	void tubep_background_a000_w(uint8_t data);
 	void tubep_background_c000_w(uint8_t data);
 	void tubep_sprite_control_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data);
-	void rjammer_background_LS377_w(uint8_t data);
-	void rjammer_background_page_w(uint8_t data);
-	void rjammer_voice_startstop_w(uint8_t data);
-	void rjammer_voice_frequency_select_w(uint8_t data);
+
 	void ay8910_portA_0_w(uint8_t data);
 	void ay8910_portB_0_w(uint8_t data);
 	void ay8910_portA_1_w(uint8_t data);
 	void ay8910_portB_1_w(uint8_t data);
 	void ay8910_portA_2_w(uint8_t data);
 	void ay8910_portB_2_w(uint8_t data);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(tubep);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_RESET(tubep);
 	virtual void video_start() override;
 	virtual void video_reset() override;
 	void tubep_palette(palette_device &palette);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(rjammer);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_RESET(rjammer);
-	void rjammer_palette(palette_device &palette) const;
 	uint32_t screen_update_tubep(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
-	uint32_t screen_update_rjammer(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
 	TIMER_CALLBACK_MEMBER(tubep_scanline_callback);
-	TIMER_CALLBACK_MEMBER(rjammer_scanline_callback);
+	TIMER_CALLBACK_MEMBER(rjammer_scanline_callback); // called from common device_timer function so can't be moved out of here yet
 	void draw_sprite();
 	void tubep_vblank_end();
 	void tubep_setup_save_state();
-	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(rjammer_adpcm_vck);
 
 	void nsc_map(address_map &map);
-	void rjammer_main_map(address_map &map);
-	void rjammer_main_portmap(address_map &map);
-	void rjammer_second_map(address_map &map);
-	void rjammer_second_portmap(address_map &map);
-	void rjammer_sound_map(address_map &map);
-	void rjammer_sound_portmap(address_map &map);
+
 	void tubep_main_map(address_map &map);
 	void tubep_main_portmap(address_map &map);
 	void tubep_second_map(address_map &map);
@@ -140,4 +123,44 @@ private:
 	virtual void device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int param, void *ptr) override;
 };
 
+class rjammer_state : public tubep_state
+{
+public:
+	rjammer_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) :
+		tubep_state(mconfig, type, tag),
+		m_rjammer_backgroundram(*this, "rjammer_bgram")
+	{ }
+
+	void rjammer(machine_config &config);
+
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_start() override;
+	virtual void machine_reset() override;
+
+private:
+
+	void rjammer_background_LS377_w(uint8_t data);
+	void rjammer_background_page_w(uint8_t data);
+	void rjammer_voice_startstop_w(uint8_t data);
+	void rjammer_voice_frequency_select_w(uint8_t data);
+
+	void rjammer_voice_input_w(uint8_t data);
+	void rjammer_voice_intensity_control_w(uint8_t data);
+
+	DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(rjammer_adpcm_vck);
+
+	uint32_t screen_update_rjammer(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
+
+	void rjammer_palette(palette_device &palette) const;
+
+	void rjammer_main_map(address_map &map);
+	void rjammer_main_portmap(address_map &map);
+	void rjammer_second_map(address_map &map);
+	void rjammer_second_portmap(address_map &map);
+	void rjammer_sound_map(address_map &map);
+	void rjammer_sound_portmap(address_map &map);
+
+	optional_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_rjammer_backgroundram;
+};
+
 #endif // MAME_INCLUDES_TUBEP_H
diff --git a/src/mame/includes/wecleman.h b/src/mame/includes/wecleman.h
index ffd480bbaef..fd2070bc679 100644
--- a/src/mame/includes/wecleman.h
+++ b/src/mame/includes/wecleman.h
@@ -37,15 +37,17 @@ public:
 		, m_led(*this, "led%u", 0U)
 	{ }
 
-	void hotchase(machine_config &config);
 	void wecleman(machine_config &config);
 
 	void init_wecleman();
-	void init_hotchase();
 
 	DECLARE_READ_LINE_MEMBER(hotchase_sound_status_r);
 
-private:
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_start() override;
+	virtual void machine_reset() override;
+	virtual void video_start() override;
+
 	enum
 	{
 		WECLEMAN_ID = 0,
@@ -97,46 +99,26 @@ private:
 	void blitter_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask = ~0);
 	uint8_t multiply_r();
 	void multiply_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data);
-	void hotchase_sound_control_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data);
+
 	void wecleman_txtram_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask = ~0);
 	void wecleman_pageram_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask = ~0);
 	void wecleman_videostatus_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask = ~0);
-	void hotchase_paletteram16_SBGRBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask = ~0);
 	void wecleman_paletteram16_SSSSBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask = ~0);
 	void wecleman_K00723216_bank_w(uint8_t data);
 	void wecleman_volume_callback(uint8_t data);
-	template<int Chip> uint8_t hotchase_k007232_r(offs_t offset);
-	template<int Chip> void hotchase_k007232_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data);
 
 	TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(wecleman_get_txt_tile_info);
 	TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(wecleman_get_bg_tile_info);
 	TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(wecleman_get_fg_tile_info);
 
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(wecleman);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_RESET(wecleman);
-	DECLARE_VIDEO_START(wecleman);
-
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_START(hotchase);
-	DECLARE_MACHINE_RESET(hotchase);
-	DECLARE_VIDEO_START(hotchase);
-
 	uint32_t screen_update_wecleman(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
-	uint32_t screen_update_hotchase(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
-	INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(hotchase_sound_timer);
 	TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(wecleman_scanline);
-	TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(hotchase_scanline);
 	void draw_cloud(bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap,gfx_element *gfx,uint16_t *tm_base,int x0,int y0,int xcount,int ycount,int scrollx,int scrolly,int tmw_l2,int tmh_l2,int alpha,int pal_offset);
 	void wecleman_unpack_sprites();
 	void bitswap(uint8_t *src,size_t len,int _14,int _13,int _12,int _11,int _10,int _f,int _e,int _d,int _c,int _b,int _a,int _9,int _8,int _7,int _6,int _5,int _4,int _3,int _2,int _1,int _0);
-	void hotchase_sprite_decode( int num16_banks, int bank_size );
 	void get_sprite_info();
 	void sortsprite(int *idx_array, int *key_array, int size);
 	void wecleman_draw_road(bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect, int priority);
-	void hotchase_draw_road(bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
-	K051316_CB_MEMBER(hotchase_zoom_callback_1);
-	K051316_CB_MEMBER(hotchase_zoom_callback_2);
-
-	void hotchase_sound_hs_w(uint8_t data);
 
 	required_device<cpu_device> m_maincpu;
 	required_device<cpu_device> m_audiocpu;
@@ -149,9 +131,6 @@ private:
 
 	output_finder<1> m_led;
 
-	void hotchase_map(address_map &map);
-	void hotchase_sound_map(address_map &map);
-	void hotchase_sub_map(address_map &map);
 	void wecleman_map(address_map &map);
 	void wecleman_sound_map(address_map &map);
 	void wecleman_sub_map(address_map &map);
@@ -180,4 +159,45 @@ private:
 	sprite_t **m_spr_ptr_list;
 };
 
+class hotchase_state : public wecleman_state
+{
+public:
+	hotchase_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char* tag)
+		: wecleman_state(mconfig, type, tag)
+	{
+	}
+
+	void hotchase(machine_config &config);
+
+	void init_hotchase();
+
+protected:
+	virtual void machine_reset() override;
+	virtual void video_start() override;
+
+private:
+	uint32_t screen_update_hotchase(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
+	void hotchase_draw_road(bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
+
+	void hotchase_paletteram16_SBGRBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask = ~0);
+
+	K051316_CB_MEMBER(hotchase_zoom_callback_1);
+	K051316_CB_MEMBER(hotchase_zoom_callback_2);
+
+	TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(hotchase_scanline);
+
+	void hotchase_sound_control_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data);
+	void hotchase_sound_hs_w(uint8_t data);
+	template<int Chip> uint8_t hotchase_k007232_r(offs_t offset);
+	template<int Chip> void hotchase_k007232_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data);
+
+	INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(hotchase_sound_timer);
+
+	void hotchase_sprite_decode( int num16_banks, int bank_size );
+
+	void hotchase_map(address_map &map);
+	void hotchase_sound_map(address_map &map);
+	void hotchase_sub_map(address_map &map);
+};
+
 #endif // MAME_INCLUDES_WECLEMAN_H
diff --git a/src/mame/machine/megadriv.cpp b/src/mame/machine/megadriv.cpp
index b3f431a670b..7c384e683e1 100644
--- a/src/mame/machine/megadriv.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/machine/megadriv.cpp
@@ -785,8 +785,9 @@ uint32_t md_base_state::screen_update_megadriv(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb
 
 /*****************************************************************************************/
 
-VIDEO_START_MEMBER(md_base_state,megadriv)
+void md_base_state::video_start()
 {
+	// nothing?
 }
 
 void md_base_state::machine_start()
@@ -928,8 +929,6 @@ void md_base_state::md_ntsc(machine_config &config)
 	m_screen->set_screen_update(FUNC(md_base_state::screen_update_megadriv)); /* Copies a bitmap */
 	m_screen->screen_vblank().set(FUNC(md_base_state::screen_vblank_megadriv)); /* Used to Sync the timing */
 
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(md_base_state, megadriv)
-
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "lspeaker").front_left();
 	SPEAKER(config, "rspeaker").front_right();
@@ -990,8 +989,6 @@ void md_base_state::md_pal(machine_config &config)
 	m_screen->set_screen_update(FUNC(md_base_state::screen_update_megadriv)); /* Copies a bitmap */
 	m_screen->screen_vblank().set(FUNC(md_base_state::screen_vblank_megadriv)); /* Used to Sync the timing */
 
-	MCFG_VIDEO_START_OVERRIDE(md_base_state, megadriv)
-
 	/* sound hardware */
 	SPEAKER(config, "lspeaker").front_left();
 	SPEAKER(config, "rspeaker").front_right();
diff --git a/src/mame/mame.lst b/src/mame/mame.lst
index 7e6627223ea..c0a539e02ec 100644
--- a/src/mame/mame.lst
+++ b/src/mame/mame.lst
@@ -22281,6 +22281,7 @@ rad_ssoc                        // (c)2004 Radica
 rad_sonic
 rad_sonicp
 rad_orun
+msi_sf2
 
 @source:megadriv_sunplus_hybrid.cpp
 reactmd
diff --git a/src/mame/video/tsamurai.cpp b/src/mame/video/tsamurai.cpp
index 2a43152cd2f..546691a78fc 100644
--- a/src/mame/video/tsamurai.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/video/tsamurai.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::get_bg_tile_info)
 	uint8_t attributes = m_bg_videoram[2*tile_index+1];
 	int tile_number = m_bg_videoram[2*tile_index];
 	tile_number += (( attributes & 0xc0 ) >> 6 ) * 256;  /* legacy */
-	tile_number += (( attributes & 0x20 ) >> 5 ) * 1024; /* Mission 660 add-on*/
 	tileinfo.set(0,
 			tile_number,
 			attributes & 0x1f,
@@ -27,6 +26,28 @@ TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::get_bg_tile_info)
 }
 
 TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::get_fg_tile_info)
+{
+	int tile_number = m_videoram[tile_index];
+	if (m_textbank1 & 0x01) tile_number += 256; /* legacy */
+	tileinfo.set(1,
+			tile_number,
+			m_colorram[((tile_index&0x1f)*2)+1] & 0x1f,
+			0);
+}
+
+TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(m660_state::get_bg_tile_info)
+{
+	uint8_t attributes = m_bg_videoram[2*tile_index+1];
+	int tile_number = m_bg_videoram[2*tile_index];
+	tile_number += (( attributes & 0xc0 ) >> 6 ) * 256;  /* legacy */
+	tile_number += (( attributes & 0x20 ) >> 5 ) * 1024; /* Mission 660 add-on*/
+	tileinfo.set(0,
+			tile_number,
+			attributes & 0x1f,
+			0);
+}
+
+TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(m660_state::get_fg_tile_info)
 {
 	int tile_number = m_videoram[tile_index];
 	if (m_textbank1 & 0x01) tile_number += 256; /* legacy */
@@ -44,13 +65,9 @@ TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::get_fg_tile_info)
 
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-void tsamurai_state::video_start()
-{
-	//save_item(NAME(m_flicker));
-	save_item(NAME(m_textbank1));
-}
 
-VIDEO_START_MEMBER(tsamurai_state, tsamurai)
+
+void tsamurai_state::video_start()
 {
 	m_background = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(tsamurai_state::get_bg_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_ROWS, 8,8, 32,32);
 	m_foreground = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(tsamurai_state::get_fg_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_ROWS, 8,8, 32,32);
@@ -58,14 +75,17 @@ VIDEO_START_MEMBER(tsamurai_state, tsamurai)
 	m_background->set_transparent_pen(0);
 	m_foreground->set_transparent_pen(0);
 
+	m_bgcolor = 0;
+	m_numsprites = 32;
+
 	save_item(NAME(m_bgcolor));
-	video_start();
 }
 
-VIDEO_START_MEMBER(tsamurai_state, m660)
+void m660_state::video_start()
 {
-	VIDEO_START_CALL_MEMBER(tsamurai);
+	tsamurai_state::video_start();
 
+	m_textbank2 = 0;
 	save_item(NAME(m_textbank2));
 }
 
@@ -97,7 +117,7 @@ WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::textbank1_w)
 	m_foreground->mark_all_dirty();
 }
 
-WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::textbank2_w)
+WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(m660_state::textbank2_w)
 {
 	m_textbank2 = state;
 	m_foreground->mark_all_dirty();
@@ -106,14 +126,15 @@ WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::textbank2_w)
 void tsamurai_state::bg_videoram_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_bg_videoram[offset]=data;
-	offset = offset/2;
-	m_background->mark_tile_dirty(offset);
+	m_background->mark_tile_dirty(offset/2);
 }
+
 void tsamurai_state::fg_videoram_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_videoram[offset]=data;
 	m_foreground->mark_tile_dirty(offset);
 }
+
 void tsamurai_state::fg_colorram_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
 {
 	if( m_colorram[offset]!=data )
@@ -139,9 +160,8 @@ void tsamurai_state::fg_colorram_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
 void tsamurai_state::draw_sprites(bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect )
 {
 	gfx_element *gfx = m_gfxdecode->gfx(2);
-	const uint8_t *source = m_spriteram+32*4-4;
+	const uint8_t *source = m_spriteram+m_numsprites*4-4;
 	const uint8_t *finish = m_spriteram; /* ? */
-	m_flicker = 1-m_flicker;
 
 	while( source>=finish )
 	{
@@ -228,7 +248,7 @@ VS Gong Fight runs on older hardware
 ***************************************************************************/
 
 
-void tsamurai_state::vsgongf_color_w(uint8_t data)
+void vsgongf_state::vsgongf_color_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	if( m_vsgongf_color != data )
 	{
@@ -238,7 +258,7 @@ void tsamurai_state::vsgongf_color_w(uint8_t data)
 }
 
 
-TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::get_vsgongf_tile_info)
+TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(vsgongf_state::get_vsgongf_tile_info)
 {
 	int tile_number = m_videoram[tile_index];
 	int color = m_vsgongf_color&0x1f;
@@ -249,15 +269,17 @@ TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(tsamurai_state::get_vsgongf_tile_info)
 			0);
 }
 
-VIDEO_START_MEMBER(tsamurai_state,vsgongf)
+void vsgongf_state::video_start()
 {
-	m_foreground = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(tsamurai_state::get_vsgongf_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_ROWS, 8,8, 32,32);
+	m_foreground = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(vsgongf_state::get_vsgongf_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_ROWS, 8,8, 32,32);
+
+	m_numsprites = 16;
 
 	save_item(NAME(m_vsgongf_color));
-	video_start();
+	save_item(NAME(m_textbank1));
 }
 
-uint32_t tsamurai_state::screen_update_vsgongf(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
+uint32_t vsgongf_state::screen_update_vsgongf(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
 {
 	#ifdef MAME_DEBUG
 	if( machine().input().code_pressed( KEYCODE_Q ) ){
diff --git a/src/mame/video/tubep.cpp b/src/mame/video/tubep.cpp
index 3273086647f..93785f7dbc9 100644
--- a/src/mame/video/tubep.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/video/tubep.cpp
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ uint32_t tubep_state::screen_update_tubep(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &b
 
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_palette(palette_device &palette) const
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_palette(palette_device &palette) const
 {
 	uint8_t const *color_prom = memregion("proms")->base();
 
@@ -726,19 +726,19 @@ void tubep_state::rjammer_palette(palette_device &palette) const
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_background_LS377_w(uint8_t data)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_background_LS377_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_ls377_data = data & 0xff;
 }
 
 
-void tubep_state::rjammer_background_page_w(uint8_t data)
+void rjammer_state::rjammer_background_page_w(uint8_t data)
 {
 	m_page = (data & 1) * 0x200;
 }
 
 
-uint32_t tubep_state::screen_update_rjammer(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
+uint32_t rjammer_state::screen_update_rjammer(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
 {
 	int DISP_ = m_DISP^1;
 
diff --git a/src/mame/video/wecleman.cpp b/src/mame/video/wecleman.cpp
index 2a7ec37d4cc..b79c9fadc0a 100644
--- a/src/mame/video/wecleman.cpp
+++ b/src/mame/video/wecleman.cpp
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ void wecleman_state::draw_cloud(bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap,
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_draw_road(bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_draw_road(bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
 {
 /* Referred to what's in the ROMs */
 #define XSIZE 512
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman_videostatus_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16
 	}
 }
 
-void wecleman_state::hotchase_paletteram16_SBGRBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask)
+void hotchase_state::hotchase_paletteram16_SBGRBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w(offs_t offset, uint16_t data, uint16_t mem_mask)
 {
 	int newword, r, g, b;
 
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ void wecleman_state::wecleman_paletteram16_SSSSBBBBGGGGRRRR_word_w(offs_t offset
                             Initializations
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-VIDEO_START_MEMBER(wecleman_state,wecleman)
+void wecleman_state::video_start()
 {
 	/*
 	    Sprite banking - each bank is 0x20000 bytes (we support 0x40 bank codes)
@@ -928,19 +928,19 @@ VIDEO_START_MEMBER(wecleman_state,wecleman)
 
 //  Callbacks for the K051316
 
-K051316_CB_MEMBER(wecleman_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_1)
+K051316_CB_MEMBER(hotchase_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_1)
 {
 	*code |= (*color & 0x03) << 8;
 	*color = (*color & 0xfc) >> 2;
 }
 
-K051316_CB_MEMBER(wecleman_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_2)
+K051316_CB_MEMBER(hotchase_state::hotchase_zoom_callback_2)
 {
 	*color = ((*color & 0x3f) << 1) | ((*code & 0x80) >> 7);
 }
 
 
-VIDEO_START_MEMBER(wecleman_state,hotchase)
+void hotchase_state::video_start()
 {
 	/*
 	    Sprite banking - each bank is 0x20000 bytes (we support 0x40 bank codes)
@@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@ uint32_t wecleman_state::screen_update_wecleman(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rg
                                 Hot Chase
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-uint32_t wecleman_state::screen_update_hotchase(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
+uint32_t hotchase_state::screen_update_hotchase(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
 {
 	bool video_on = (m_irqctrl & 0x40) ? true : false;