ioport.c C++ conversion. Mostly internal changes, with no

intended differences from previous behavior. For drivers,
the main change is that input_port_read() no longer exists.
Instead, the port must be fetched from the appropriate device,
and then read() is called.

For member functions, this is actually simpler/cleaner:

  value = ioport("tag")->read()

For legacy functions which have a driver_data state, it goes:

  value = state->ioport("tag")->read()

For other legacy functions, they need to fetch the root device:

  value = machine.root_device().ioport("tag")->read()

The other big change for drivers is that IPT_VBLANK is gone.
Instead, it has been replaced by a device line callback on the
screen device. There's a new macro PORT_VBLANK("tag") which
automatically points things to the right spot.

Here's a set of imperfect search & replace strings to convert
the input_port_read calls and fix up IPT_VBLANK:

input_port_read( *\( *)(machine\(\)) *, *([^)]+ *\))
ioport\1\3->read\(\)

input_port_read( *\( *)(.*machine[()]*) *, *([^)]+ *\))
\2\.root_device\(\)\.ioport\1\3->read\(\)

(state = .*driver_data[^}]+)space->machine\(\)\.root_device\(\)\.
\1state->

(state = .*driver_data[^}]+)device->machine\(\)\.root_device\(\)\.
\1state->

input_port_read_safe( *\( *)(machine\(\)) *, *([^,]+), *([^)]+\))
ioport\1\3->read_safe\(\4\)

IPT_VBLANK( *\))
IPT_CUSTOM\1 PORT_VBLANK("screen")

makefile

@@ -474,19 +474,15 @@ endif
 # add the optimization flag
 CCOMFLAGS += -O$(OPTIMIZE)
 
-# if we are optimizing, include optimization options
+# add the error warning flag
-# and make all errors into warnings
-ifneq ($(OPTIMIZE),0)
-ifneq ($(TARGETOS),os2)
 ifndef NOWERROR
-CCOMFLAGS += -Werror -fno-strict-aliasing $(ARCHOPTS)
+CCOMFLAGS += -Werror
-else
-CCOMFLAGS += -fno-strict-aliasing $(ARCHOPTS)
 endif
-else
+
+# if we are optimizing, include optimization options
+ifneq ($(OPTIMIZE),0)
 CCOMFLAGS += -fno-strict-aliasing $(ARCHOPTS)
 endif
-endif
 
 # add a basic set of warnings
 CCOMFLAGS += \

src/emu/crsshair.c

@@ -221,11 +221,11 @@ void crosshair_init(running_machine &machine)
 	global.auto_time = CROSSHAIR_VISIBILITY_AUTOTIME_DEFAULT;
 
 	/* determine who needs crosshairs */
-	for (input_port_config *port = machine.ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
+	for (ioport_port *port = machine.ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (input_field_config *field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (ioport_field *field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (field->crossaxis != CROSSHAIR_AXIS_NONE)
+			if (field->crosshair_axis() != CROSSHAIR_AXIS_NONE)
 			{
-				int player = field->player;
+				int player = field->player();
 
 				assert(player < MAX_PLAYERS);
 
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ static void animate(running_machine &machine, screen_device &device, bool vblank
 	{
 		/* read all the lightgun values */
 		if (global.used[player])
-			input_port_get_crosshair_position(device.machine(), player, &global.x[player], &global.y[player]);
+			device.machine().ioport().crosshair_position(player, global.x[player], global.y[player]);
 
 		/* auto visibility */
 		if (global.mode[player] == CROSSHAIR_VISIBILITY_AUTO)

src/emu/devcb.c

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ UINT8 devcb_resolved_write16::s_null;
 class devcb_resolver
 {
 public:
-	static const input_port_config *resolve_port(const char *tag, device_t &current);
+	static ioport_port *resolve_port(const char *tag, device_t &current);
 	static device_t *resolve_device(int index, const char *tag, device_t &current);
 	static device_execute_interface *resolve_execute_interface(const char *tag, device_t &current);
 	static address_space *resolve_space(int index, const char *tag, device_t &current);
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ public:
 //  based on the provided tag
 //-------------------------------------------------
 
-const input_port_config *devcb_resolver::resolve_port(const char *tag, device_t &current)
+ioport_port *devcb_resolver::resolve_port(const char *tag, device_t &current)
 {
 	astring fullname;
-	const input_port_config *result = current.ioport(current.siblingtag(fullname, tag));
+	ioport_port *result = current.ioport(current.siblingtag(fullname, tag));
 	if (result == NULL)
 		throw emu_fatalerror("Unable to find input port '%s' (requested by %s '%s')", fullname.cstr(), current.name(), current.tag());
 	return result;
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ void devcb_resolved_read_line::resolve(const devcb_read_line &desc, device_t &de
 
 int devcb_resolved_read_line::from_port()
 {
-	return (input_port_read_direct(m_object.port) & 1) ? ASSERT_LINE : CLEAR_LINE;
+	return (m_object.port->read() & 1) ? ASSERT_LINE : CLEAR_LINE;
 }
 
 
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ void devcb_resolved_write_line::to_null(int state)
 
 void devcb_resolved_write_line::to_port(int state)
 {
-	input_port_write_direct(m_object.port, state, 0xffffffff);
+	m_object.port->write(state, 0xffffffff);
 }
 
 
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ void devcb_resolved_read8::resolve(const devcb_read8 &desc, device_t &device)
 
 UINT8 devcb_resolved_read8::from_port(offs_t offset)
 {
-	return input_port_read_direct(m_object.port);
+	return m_object.port->read();
 }
 
 
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ void devcb_resolved_write8::to_null(offs_t offset, UINT8 data)
 
 void devcb_resolved_write8::to_port(offs_t offset, UINT8 data)
 {
-	input_port_write_direct(m_object.port, data, 0xff);
+	m_object.port->write(data, 0xff);
 }
 
 
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ void devcb_resolved_read16::resolve(const devcb_read16 &desc, device_t &device)
 
 UINT16 devcb_resolved_read16::from_port(offs_t offset, UINT16 mask)
 {
-	return input_port_read_direct(m_object.port);
+	return m_object.port->read();
 }
 
 
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ void devcb_resolved_write16::to_null(offs_t offset, UINT16 data, UINT16 mask)
 
 void devcb_resolved_write16::to_port(offs_t offset, UINT16 data, UINT16 mask)
 {
-	input_port_write_direct(m_object.port, data, mask);
+	m_object.port->write(data, mask);
 }
 
 

src/emu/devcb.h

@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ void devcb_stub16(device_t *device, offs_t offset, UINT16 data, UINT16 mask)
 // resolving a devcb may produce one of the following object types
 union devcb_resolved_objects
 {
-	const input_port_config *	port;
+	ioport_port *	port;
 	address_space *				space;
 	device_t *					device;
 	device_execute_interface *	execute;

src/emu/device.c

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ memory_bank *device_t::membank(const char *_tag) const
 //  object for a given port name
 //-------------------------------------------------
 
-input_port_config *device_t::ioport(const char *tag) const
+ioport_port *device_t::ioport(const char *tag) const
 {
 	// safety first
 	if (this == NULL)

src/emu/device.h

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class validity_checker;
 struct rom_entry;
 class machine_config;
 class emu_timer;
-typedef struct _input_device_default input_device_default;
+struct input_device_default;
 
 
 
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public:
 	memory_region *memregion(const char *tag) const;
 	memory_share *memshare(const char *tag) const;
 	memory_bank *membank(const char *tag) const;
-	input_port_config *ioport(const char *tag) const;
+	ioport_port *ioport(const char *tag) const;
 	device_t *subdevice(const char *tag) const;
 	device_t *siblingdevice(const char *tag) const;
 	template<class _DeviceClass> inline _DeviceClass *subdevice(const char *tag) const { return downcast<_DeviceClass *>(subdevice(tag)); }
@@ -506,12 +506,12 @@ public:
 
 // device finder template
 template<bool _Required>
-class device_t::ioport_finder : public device_t::object_finder_base<input_port_config>
+class device_t::ioport_finder : public device_t::object_finder_base<ioport_port>
 {
 public:
 	// construction/destruction
 	ioport_finder(device_t &base, const char *tag)
-		: object_finder_base<input_port_config>(base, tag) { }
+		: object_finder_base<ioport_port>(base, tag) { }
 
 	// finder
 	virtual bool findit()
@@ -927,36 +927,6 @@ private:
 };
 
 
-// ======================> device_delegate
-
-// device_delegate is a delegate that wraps with a device tag and can be easily
-// late bound without replicating logic everywhere
-template<typename _Signature>
-class device_delegate : public delegate<_Signature>
-{
-	typedef delegate<_Signature> basetype;
-
-public:
-	// provide same set of constructors as the base class, with additional device name
-	// parameter
-	device_delegate() : basetype(), m_device_name(NULL) { }
-	device_delegate(const basetype &src) : basetype(src), m_device_name(src.m_device_name) { }
-	device_delegate(const basetype &src, delegate_late_bind &object) : basetype(src, object), m_device_name(src.m_device_name) { }
-	template<class _FunctionClass> device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<_FunctionClass>::member_func_type funcptr, const char *name, const char *devname) : basetype(funcptr, name, (_FunctionClass *)0), m_device_name(devname) { }
-	template<class _FunctionClass> device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<_FunctionClass>::member_func_type funcptr, const char *name, const char *devname, _FunctionClass *object) : basetype(funcptr, name, (_FunctionClass *)0), m_device_name(devname) { }
-	device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<device_t>::static_func_type funcptr, const char *name) : basetype(funcptr, name, (device_t *)0), m_device_name(NULL) { }
-	device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<device_t>::static_ref_func_type funcptr, const char *name) : basetype(funcptr, name, (device_t *)0), m_device_name(NULL) { }
-	device_delegate &operator=(const basetype &src) { *static_cast<basetype *>(this) = src; m_device_name = src.m_device_name; return *this; }
-
-	// perform the binding
-	void bind_relative_to(device_t &search_root);
-
-private:
-	// internal state
-	const char *m_device_name;
-};
-
-
 
 //**************************************************************************
 //  INLINE FUNCTIONS

src/emu/emu.h

@@ -81,6 +81,35 @@
 class machine_config;
 typedef device_t * (*machine_config_constructor)(machine_config &config, device_t *owner);
 
+// device_delegate is a delegate that wraps with a device tag and can be easily
+// late bound without replicating logic everywhere
+template<typename _Signature>
+class device_delegate : public delegate<_Signature>
+{
+	typedef delegate<_Signature> basetype;
+
+public:
+	// provide same set of constructors as the base class, with additional device name
+	// parameter
+	device_delegate() : basetype(), m_device_name(NULL) { }
+	device_delegate(const basetype &src) : basetype(src), m_device_name(src.m_device_name) { }
+	device_delegate(const basetype &src, delegate_late_bind &object) : basetype(src, object), m_device_name(src.m_device_name) { }
+	template<class _FunctionClass> device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<_FunctionClass>::member_func_type funcptr, const char *name, const char *devname) : basetype(funcptr, name, (_FunctionClass *)0), m_device_name(devname) { }
+	template<class _FunctionClass> device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<_FunctionClass>::member_func_type funcptr, const char *name, const char *devname, _FunctionClass *object) : basetype(funcptr, name, (_FunctionClass *)0), m_device_name(devname) { }
+	template<class _FunctionClass> device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<_FunctionClass>::static_func_type funcptr, const char *name, const char *devname, _FunctionClass *object) : basetype(funcptr, name, (_FunctionClass *)0), m_device_name(devname) { }
+	template<class _FunctionClass> device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<_FunctionClass>::static_ref_func_type funcptr, const char *name, const char *devname, _FunctionClass *object) : basetype(funcptr, name, (_FunctionClass *)0), m_device_name(devname) { }
+	device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<device_t>::static_func_type funcptr, const char *name) : basetype(funcptr, name, (device_t *)0), m_device_name(NULL) { }
+	device_delegate(typename basetype::template traits<device_t>::static_ref_func_type funcptr, const char *name) : basetype(funcptr, name, (device_t *)0), m_device_name(NULL) { }
+	device_delegate &operator=(const basetype &src) { *static_cast<basetype *>(this) = src; m_device_name = src.m_device_name; return *this; }
+
+	// perform the binding
+	void bind_relative_to(device_t &search_root);
+
+private:
+	// internal state
+	const char *m_device_name;
+};
+
 // I/O
 #include "input.h"
 #include "ioport.h"

src/emu/info.c

@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_one()
 	astring errors;
 	device_iterator iter(config.root_device());
 	for (device_t *device = iter.first(); device != NULL; device = iter.next())
-		input_port_list_init(*device, portlist, errors);
+		portlist.append(*device, errors);
 
 	// print the header and the game name
 	fprintf(m_output, "\t<%s",emulator_info::get_xml_top());
@@ -352,11 +352,11 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_one_device(device_t &device, const char *devtag)
 	astring errors;
 	device_iterator iptiter(device);
 	for (device_t *dev = iptiter.first(); dev != NULL; dev = iptiter.next())
-		input_port_list_init(*dev, portlist, errors);
+		portlist.append(*dev, errors);
 	// check if the device adds player inputs (other than dsw and configs) to the system
-	for (input_port_config *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
+	for (ioport_port *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (input_field_config *field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (ioport_field *field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (field->type >= IPT_START1 && field->type < __ipt_ui_start)
+			if (field->type() >= IPT_START1 && field->type() < IPT_UI_FIRST)
 			{
 				has_input = TRUE;
 				break;
@@ -830,33 +830,33 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_input(const ioport_list &portlist)
 	bool gambling = false;
 
 	// iterate over the ports
-	for (input_port_config *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
+	for (ioport_port *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (input_field_config *field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (ioport_field *field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
 		{
 			int analogtype = -1;
 
 			// track the highest player number
-			if (nplayer < field->player + 1)
+			if (nplayer < field->player() + 1)
-				nplayer = field->player + 1;
+				nplayer = field->player() + 1;
 
 			// switch off of the type
-			switch (field->type)
+			switch (field->type())
 			{
 				// map which joystick directions are present
-				case IPT_JOYSTICK_UP:			joytype[0] |= DIR_UP | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);		break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICK_UP:			joytype[0] |= DIR_UP | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);		break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICK_DOWN:			joytype[0] |= DIR_DOWN | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICK_DOWN:			joytype[0] |= DIR_DOWN | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICK_LEFT:			joytype[0] |= DIR_LEFT | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICK_LEFT:			joytype[0] |= DIR_LEFT | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICK_RIGHT:		joytype[0] |= DIR_RIGHT | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICK_RIGHT:		joytype[0] |= DIR_RIGHT | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
 
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_UP:		joytype[1] |= DIR_UP | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);		break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_UP:		joytype[1] |= DIR_UP | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);		break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_DOWN:		joytype[1] |= DIR_DOWN | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_DOWN:		joytype[1] |= DIR_DOWN | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_LEFT:		joytype[1] |= DIR_LEFT | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_LEFT:		joytype[1] |= DIR_LEFT | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_RIGHT:	joytype[1] |= DIR_RIGHT | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKLEFT_RIGHT:	joytype[1] |= DIR_RIGHT | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
 
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_UP:		joytype[2] |= DIR_UP | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);		break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_UP:		joytype[2] |= DIR_UP | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);		break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_DOWN:	joytype[2] |= DIR_DOWN | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_DOWN:	joytype[2] |= DIR_DOWN | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_LEFT:	joytype[2] |= DIR_LEFT | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_LEFT:	joytype[2] |= DIR_LEFT | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
-				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_RIGHT:	joytype[2] |= DIR_RIGHT | ((field->way == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
+				case IPT_JOYSTICKRIGHT_RIGHT:	joytype[2] |= DIR_RIGHT | ((field->way() == 4) ? DIR_4WAY : 0);	break;
 
 				// mark as an analog input, and get analog stats after switch
 				case IPT_AD_STICK_X:
@@ -918,7 +918,7 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_input(const ioport_list &portlist)
 				case IPT_BUTTON14:
 				case IPT_BUTTON15:
 				case IPT_BUTTON16:
-					nbutton = MAX(nbutton, field->type - IPT_BUTTON1 + 1);
+					nbutton = MAX(nbutton, field->type() - IPT_BUTTON1 + 1);
 					break;
 
 				// track maximum coin index
@@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_input(const ioport_list &portlist)
 				case IPT_COIN6:
 				case IPT_COIN7:
 				case IPT_COIN8:
-					ncoin = MAX(ncoin, field->type - IPT_COIN1 + 1);
+					ncoin = MAX(ncoin, field->type() - IPT_COIN1 + 1);
 					break;
 
 				// track presence of these guys
@@ -952,11 +952,11 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_input(const ioport_list &portlist)
 					break;
 
 				default:
-					if (field->type >= __ipt_mahjong_start && field->type <= __ipt_mahjong_end)
+					if (field->type() > IPT_MAHJONG_FIRST && field->type() < IPT_MAHJONG_LAST)
 						mahjong = true;
-					else if (field->type >= __ipt_hanafuda_start && field->type <= __ipt_hanafuda_end)
+					else if (field->type() > IPT_HANAFUDA_FIRST && field->type() < IPT_HANAFUDA_LAST)
 						hanafuda = true;
-					else if (field->type >= __ipt_gambling_start && field->type <= __ipt_gambling_end)
+					else if (field->type() > IPT_GAMBLING_FIRST && field->type() < IPT_GAMBLING_LAST)
 						gambling = true;
 					break;
 			}
@@ -964,15 +964,15 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_input(const ioport_list &portlist)
 			// get the analog stats
 			if (analogtype != -1)
 			{
-				if (field->min != 0)
+				if (field->minval() != 0)
-					control_info[analogtype].min = field->min;
+					control_info[analogtype].min = field->minval();
-				if (field->max != 0)
+				if (field->maxval() != 0)
-					control_info[analogtype].max = field->max;
+					control_info[analogtype].max = field->maxval();
-				if (field->sensitivity != 0)
+				if (field->sensitivity() != 0)
-					control_info[analogtype].sensitivity = field->sensitivity;
+					control_info[analogtype].sensitivity = field->sensitivity();
-				if (field->delta != 0)
+				if (field->delta() != 0)
-					control_info[analogtype].keydelta = field->delta;
+					control_info[analogtype].keydelta = field->delta();
-				if ((field->flags & ANALOG_FLAG_REVERSE) != 0)
+				if (field->analog_reverse() != 0)
 					control_info[analogtype].reverse = true;
 			}
 		}
@@ -1080,25 +1080,25 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_input(const ioport_list &portlist)
 void info_xml_creator::output_switches(const ioport_list &portlist, const char *root_tag, int type, const char *outertag, const char *innertag)
 {
 	// iterate looking for DIP switches
-	for (input_port_config *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
+	for (ioport_port *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (input_field_config *field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (ioport_field *field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (field->type == type)
+			if (field->type() == type)
 			{
-				astring newtag(field->port().tag()), oldtag(":");
+				astring newtag(port->tag()), oldtag(":");
 				newtag.substr(newtag.find(oldtag.cat(root_tag)) + oldtag.len());
 
 				// output the switch name information
-				fprintf(m_output, "\t\t<%s name=\"%s\"", outertag, xml_normalize_string(input_field_name(field)));
+				fprintf(m_output, "\t\t<%s name=\"%s\"", outertag, xml_normalize_string(field->name()));
 				fprintf(m_output, " tag=\"%s\"", xml_normalize_string(newtag));
-				fprintf(m_output, " mask=\"%u\"", field->mask);
+				fprintf(m_output, " mask=\"%u\"", field->mask());
 				fprintf(m_output, ">\n");
 
 				// loop over settings
-				for (input_setting_config *setting = field->settinglist().first(); setting != NULL; setting = setting->next())
+				for (ioport_setting *setting = field->first_setting(); setting != NULL; setting = setting->next())
 				{
-					fprintf(m_output, "\t\t\t<%s name=\"%s\"", innertag, xml_normalize_string(setting->name));
+					fprintf(m_output, "\t\t\t<%s name=\"%s\"", innertag, xml_normalize_string(setting->name()));
-					fprintf(m_output, " value=\"%u\"", setting->value);
+					fprintf(m_output, " value=\"%u\"", setting->value());
-					if (setting->value == field->defvalue)
+					if (setting->value() == field->defvalue())
 						fprintf(m_output, " default=\"yes\"");
 					fprintf(m_output, "/>\n");
 				}
@@ -1117,10 +1117,10 @@ void info_xml_creator::output_switches(const ioport_list &portlist, const char *
 void info_xml_creator::output_adjusters(const ioport_list &portlist)
 {
 	// iterate looking for Adjusters
-	for (input_port_config *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
+	for (ioport_port *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (input_field_config *field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (ioport_field *field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (field->type == IPT_ADJUSTER)
+			if (field->type() == IPT_ADJUSTER)
-				fprintf(m_output, "\t\t<adjuster name=\"%s\" default=\"%d\"/>\n", xml_normalize_string(input_field_name(field)), field->defvalue);
+				fprintf(m_output, "\t\t<adjuster name=\"%s\" default=\"%d\"/>\n", xml_normalize_string(field->name()), field->defvalue());
 }
 
 

src/emu/machine.c

@@ -284,9 +284,6 @@ void running_machine::start()
 	// allocate the gfx elements prior to device initialization
 	gfx_init(*this);
 
-	// initialize natural keyboard support
-	inputx_init(*this);
-
 	// initialize image devices
 	image_init(*this);
 	m_tilemap = auto_alloc(*this, tilemap_manager(*this));

src/emu/machine/generic.c

@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ void set_led_status(running_machine &machine, int num, int on)
 CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER( driver_device::custom_port_read )
 {
 	const char *tag = (const char *)param;
-	return input_port_read(machine(), tag);
+	return ioport(tag)->read();
 }
 
 

src/emu/machine/jvsdev.c

@@ -249,6 +249,6 @@ void jvs_device::handle_output(const char *tag, UINT8 id, UINT8 val)
 	case 2: jvs_outputs ^=  m;  break;
 	}
 
-	input_port_write_safe(machine(), tag, jvs_outputs, m);
+	machine().root_device().ioport(tag)->write_safe(jvs_outputs, m);
 }
 

src/emu/machine/microtch.c

@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ void microtouch_device::send_format_decimal_packet(int x, int y)
 
 void microtouch_device::send_touch_packet()
 {
-	int tx = input_port_read(*this, "TOUCH_X");
+	int tx = ioport("TOUCH_X")->read();
-	int ty = input_port_read(*this, "TOUCH_Y");
+	int ty = ioport("TOUCH_Y")->read();
 
 	if ( m_out_touch_cb == NULL ||
 		 m_out_touch_cb( &tx, &ty ) != 0 )
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ void microtouch_device::device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int p
 	}
 
 	// send format tablet packet
-	if ( input_port_read(*this, "TOUCH") & 0x01 )
+	if ( ioport("TOUCH")->read() & 0x01 )
 	{
 		send_touch_packet();
 	}

src/emu/memory.c

@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ public:
 	void set_legacy_func(device_t &device, read64_device_func func, const char *name, UINT64 mask = 0);
 
 	// configure I/O port access
-	void set_ioport(const input_port_config &ioport);
+	void set_ioport(ioport_port &ioport);
 
 	// read via the underlying delegates
 	UINT8 read8(address_space &space, offs_t offset, UINT8 mask) const { return m_read.r8(space, offset, mask); }
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ private:
 
 	// stubs for reading I/O ports
 	template<typename _UintType>
-	_UintType read_stub_ioport(address_space &space, offs_t offset, _UintType mask) { return input_port_read_direct(m_ioport); }
+	_UintType read_stub_ioport(address_space &space, offs_t offset, _UintType mask) { return m_ioport->read(); }
 
 	// internal helper
 	virtual void remove_subunit(int entry);
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ private:
 	// internal state
 	access_handler				m_read;
 	access_handler				m_subread[8];
-	const input_port_config *	m_ioport;
+	ioport_port *	m_ioport;
 
 	bool m_sub_is_legacy[8];
 	legacy_info m_legacy_info;
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ public:
 	void set_legacy_func(device_t &device, write64_device_func func, const char *name, UINT64 mask = 0);
 
 	// configure I/O port access
-	void set_ioport(const input_port_config &ioport);
+	void set_ioport(ioport_port &ioport);
 
 	// write via the underlying delegates
 	void write8(address_space &space, offs_t offset, UINT8 data, UINT8 mask) const { m_write.w8(space, offset, data, mask); }
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ private:
 
 	// stubs for writing I/O ports
 	template<typename _UintType>
-	void write_stub_ioport(address_space &space, offs_t offset, _UintType data, _UintType mask) { input_port_write_direct(m_ioport, data, mask); }
+	void write_stub_ioport(address_space &space, offs_t offset, _UintType data, _UintType mask) { m_ioport->write(data, mask); }
 
 	// internal helper
 	virtual void remove_subunit(int entry);
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ private:
 	// internal state
 	access_handler				m_write;
 	access_handler				m_subwrite[8];
-	const input_port_config *	m_ioport;
+	ioport_port *	m_ioport;
 
 	bool m_sub_is_legacy[8];
 	legacy_info m_legacy_info;
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ public:
 	}
 
 	// forward I/O port access configuration
-	void set_ioport(const input_port_config &ioport) const {
+	void set_ioport(ioport_port &ioport) const {
 		for (typename std::list<_HandlerEntry *>::const_iterator i = handlers.begin(); i != handlers.end(); i++)
 			(*i)->set_ioport(ioport);
 	}
@@ -2323,7 +2323,7 @@ void address_space::install_readwrite_port(offs_t addrstart, offs_t addrend, off
 	{
 		// find the port
 		astring fulltag;
-		input_port_config *port = machine().root_device().ioport(device().siblingtag(fulltag, rtag));
+		ioport_port *port = machine().root_device().ioport(device().siblingtag(fulltag, rtag));
 		if (port == NULL)
 			throw emu_fatalerror("Attempted to map non-existent port '%s' for read in space %s of device '%s'\n", rtag, m_name, m_device.tag());
 
@@ -2335,7 +2335,7 @@ void address_space::install_readwrite_port(offs_t addrstart, offs_t addrend, off
 	{
 		// find the port
 		astring fulltag;
-		input_port_config *port = machine().root_device().ioport(device().siblingtag(fulltag, wtag));
+		ioport_port *port = machine().root_device().ioport(device().siblingtag(fulltag, wtag));
 		if (port == NULL)
 			fatalerror("Attempted to map non-existent port '%s' for write in space %s of device '%s'\n", wtag, m_name, m_device.tag());
 
@@ -4958,7 +4958,7 @@ void handler_entry_read::set_legacy_func(device_t &device, read64_device_func fu
 //  of the appropriate size
 //-------------------------------------------------
 
-void handler_entry_read::set_ioport(const input_port_config &ioport)
+void handler_entry_read::set_ioport(ioport_port &ioport)
 {
 	m_ioport = &ioport;
 	if (m_datawidth == 8)
@@ -5413,7 +5413,7 @@ void handler_entry_write::set_legacy_func(device_t &device, write64_device_func
 //  of the appropriate size
 //-------------------------------------------------
 
-void handler_entry_write::set_ioport(const input_port_config &ioport)
+void handler_entry_write::set_ioport(ioport_port &ioport)
 {
 	m_ioport = &ioport;
 	if (m_datawidth == 8)

src/emu/rendlay.c

@@ -2208,9 +2208,13 @@ int layout_view::item::state() const
 	// if configured to an input, fetch the input value
 	else if (m_input_tag[0] != 0)
 	{
-		const input_field_config *field = input_field_by_tag_and_mask(m_element->machine(), m_input_tag, m_input_mask);
+		ioport_port *port = m_element->machine().root_device().ioport(m_input_tag);
+		if (port != NULL)
+		{
+			ioport_field *field = port->field(m_input_mask);
 			if (field != NULL)
-			state = ((input_port_read_safe(m_element->machine(), m_input_tag, 0) ^ field->defvalue) & m_input_mask) ? 1 : 0;
+				state = ((port->read() ^ field->defvalue()) & m_input_mask) ? 1 : 0;
+		}
 	}
 	return state;
 }

src/emu/screen.c

@@ -781,6 +781,17 @@ void screen_device::register_screen_bitmap(bitmap_t &bitmap)
 }
 
 
+//-------------------------------------------------
+//  vblank_port_read - custom port handler to
+//	return a VBLANK state
+//-------------------------------------------------
+
+int screen_device::vblank_port_read()
+{
+	return vblank();
+}
+
+
 //-------------------------------------------------
 //  vblank_begin - call any external callbacks to
 //  signal the VBLANK period has begun

src/emu/screen.h

@@ -227,6 +227,7 @@ public:
 	// additional helpers
 	void register_vblank_callback(vblank_state_delegate vblank_callback);
 	void register_screen_bitmap(bitmap_t &bitmap);
+	int vblank_port_read();
 
 	// internal to the video system
 	bool update_quads();

src/emu/sound/disc_cls.h

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public:
 	void step(void);
 	void reset(void);
 private:
-	const input_port_config *m_port;
+	ioport_port *m_port;
 	INT32					m_lastpval;
 	INT32					m_pmin;
 	double					m_pscale;

src/emu/sound/disc_inp.c

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER(discrete_sound_w)
 
 DISCRETE_STEP(dss_adjustment)
 {
-	INT32  rawportval = input_port_read_direct(m_port);
+	INT32  rawportval = m_port->read();
 
 	/* only recompute if the value changed from last time */
 	if (UNEXPECTED(rawportval != m_lastpval))

src/emu/ui.c

@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ static astring &warnings_string(running_machine &machine, astring &string)
 			string.cat(" have not been correctly dumped.\n");
 		}
 		/* add one line per warning flag */
-		if (input_machine_has_keyboard(machine))
+		if (machine.ioport().has_keyboard())
 			string.cat("The keyboard emulation may not be 100% accurate.\n");
 		if (machine.system().flags & GAME_IMPERFECT_COLORS)
 			string.cat("The colors aren't 100% accurate.\n");
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ static void process_natural_keyboard(running_machine &machine)
 	{
 		/* if this was a UI_EVENT_CHAR event, post it */
 		if (event.event_type == UI_EVENT_CHAR)
-			inputx_postc(machine, event.ch);
+			machine.ioport().natkeyboard().post(event.ch);
 	}
 
 	/* process natural keyboard keys that don't get UI_EVENT_CHARs */
@@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@ static void process_natural_keyboard(running_machine &machine)
 			*key_down_ptr |= key_down_mask;
 
 			/* post the key */
-			inputx_postc(machine, UCHAR_MAMEKEY_BEGIN + code.item_id());
+			machine.ioport().natkeyboard().post(UCHAR_MAMEKEY_BEGIN + code.item_id());
 		}
 		else if (!pressed && (*key_down_ptr & key_down_mask))
 		{
@@ -1259,7 +1259,7 @@ void ui_paste(running_machine &machine)
 	if (text != NULL)
 	{
 		/* post the text */
-		inputx_post_utf8(machine, text);
+		machine.ioport().natkeyboard().post_utf8(text);
 
 		/* free the string */
 		osd_free(text);
@@ -1317,10 +1317,10 @@ static UINT32 handler_ingame(running_machine &machine, render_container *contain
 	}
 
 	/* determine if we should disable the rest of the UI */
-	int ui_disabled = (input_machine_has_keyboard(machine) && !machine.ui_active());
+	int ui_disabled = (machine.ioport().has_keyboard() && !machine.ui_active());
 
 	/* is ScrLk UI toggling applicable here? */
-	if (input_machine_has_keyboard(machine))
+	if (machine.ioport().has_keyboard())
 	{
 		/* are we toggling the UI with ScrLk? */
 		if (ui_input_pressed(machine, IPT_UI_TOGGLE_UI))
@@ -1488,7 +1488,7 @@ static UINT32 handler_ingame(running_machine &machine, render_container *contain
 		machine.video().set_throttled(!machine.video().throttled());
 
 	/* check for fast forward */
-	if (input_type_pressed(machine, IPT_UI_FAST_FORWARD, 0))
+	if (machine.ioport().type_pressed(IPT_UI_FAST_FORWARD))
 	{
 		machine.video().set_fastforward(true);
 		ui_show_fps_temp(0.5);
@@ -1640,8 +1640,8 @@ static slider_state *slider_alloc(running_machine &machine, const char *title, I
 
 static slider_state *slider_init(running_machine &machine)
 {
-	input_field_config *field;
+	ioport_field *field;
-	input_port_config *port;
+	ioport_port *port;
 	slider_state *listhead = NULL;
 	slider_state **tailptr = &listhead;
 	astring string;
@@ -1666,11 +1666,11 @@ static slider_state *slider_init(running_machine &machine)
 
 	/* add analog adjusters */
 	for (port = machine.ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (field->type == IPT_ADJUSTER)
+			if (field->type() == IPT_ADJUSTER)
 			{
 				void *param = (void *)field;
-				*tailptr = slider_alloc(machine, field->name, 0, field->defvalue, 100, 1, slider_adjuster, param);
+				*tailptr = slider_alloc(machine, field->name(), 0, field->defvalue(), 100, 1, slider_adjuster, param);
 				tailptr = &(*tailptr)->next;
 			}
 
@@ -1772,14 +1772,14 @@ static slider_state *slider_init(running_machine &machine)
 #ifdef MAME_DEBUG
 	/* add crosshair adjusters */
 	for (port = machine.ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (field->crossaxis != CROSSHAIR_AXIS_NONE && field->player == 0)
+			if (field->crosshair_axis() != CROSSHAIR_AXIS_NONE && field->player() == 0)
 			{
 				void *param = (void *)field;
-				string.printf("Crosshair Scale %s", (field->crossaxis == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y");
+				string.printf("Crosshair Scale %s", (field->crosshair_axis() == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y");
 				*tailptr = slider_alloc(machine, string, -3000, 1000, 3000, 100, slider_crossscale, param);
 				tailptr = &(*tailptr)->next;
-				string.printf("Crosshair Offset %s", (field->crossaxis == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y");
+				string.printf("Crosshair Offset %s", (field->crosshair_axis() == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y");
 				*tailptr = slider_alloc(machine, string, -3000, 0, 3000, 100, slider_crossoffset, param);
 				tailptr = &(*tailptr)->next;
 			}
@@ -1832,14 +1832,14 @@ static INT32 slider_mixervol(running_machine &machine, void *arg, astring *strin
 
 static INT32 slider_adjuster(running_machine &machine, void *arg, astring *string, INT32 newval)
 {
-	const input_field_config *field = (const input_field_config *)arg;
+	ioport_field *field = (ioport_field *)arg;
-	input_field_user_settings settings;
+	ioport_field::user_settings settings;
 
-	input_field_get_user_settings(field, &settings);
+	field->get_user_settings(settings);
 	if (newval != SLIDER_NOCHANGE)
 	{
 		settings.value = newval;
-		input_field_set_user_settings(field, &settings);
+		field->set_user_settings(settings);
 	}
 	if (string != NULL)
 		string->printf("%d%%", settings.value);
@@ -2185,13 +2185,13 @@ static char *slider_get_screen_desc(screen_device &screen)
 #ifdef MAME_DEBUG
 static INT32 slider_crossscale(running_machine &machine, void *arg, astring *string, INT32 newval)
 {
-	input_field_config *field = (input_field_config *)arg;
+	ioport_field *field = (ioport_field *)arg;
 
 	if (newval != SLIDER_NOCHANGE)
-		field->crossscale = (float)newval * 0.001f;
+		field->set_crosshair_scale(float(newval) * 0.001);
 	if (string != NULL)
-		string->printf("%s %s %1.3f", "Crosshair Scale", (field->crossaxis == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y", (float)newval * 0.001f);
+		string->printf("%s %s %1.3f", "Crosshair Scale", (field->crosshair_axis() == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y", float(newval) * 0.001f);
-	return floor(field->crossscale * 1000.0f + 0.5f);
+	return floor(field->crosshair_scale() * 1000.0f + 0.5f);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -2204,13 +2204,13 @@ static INT32 slider_crossscale(running_machine &machine, void *arg, astring *str
 #ifdef MAME_DEBUG
 static INT32 slider_crossoffset(running_machine &machine, void *arg, astring *string, INT32 newval)
 {
-	input_field_config *field = (input_field_config *)arg;
+	ioport_field *field = (ioport_field *)arg;
 
 	if (newval != SLIDER_NOCHANGE)
-		field->crossoffset = (float)newval * 0.001f;
+		field->set_crosshair_offset(float(newval) * 0.001f);
 	if (string != NULL)
-		string->printf("%s %s %1.3f", "Crosshair Offset", (field->crossaxis == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y", (float)newval * 0.001f);
+		string->printf("%s %s %1.3f", "Crosshair Offset", (field->crosshair_axis() == CROSSHAIR_AXIS_X) ? "X" : "Y", float(newval) * 0.001f);
-	return field->crossoffset;
+	return field->crosshair_offset();
 }
 #endif
 

src/emu/uiinput.c

@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ enum
 struct _ui_input_private
 {
 	/* pressed states; retrieved with ui_input_pressed() */
-	osd_ticks_t					next_repeat[__ipt_max];
+	osd_ticks_t					next_repeat[IPT_COUNT];
-	UINT8						seqpressed[__ipt_max];
+	UINT8						seqpressed[IPT_COUNT];
 
 	/* mouse position/info */
 	render_target *				current_mouse_target;
@@ -97,12 +97,11 @@ void ui_input_init(running_machine &machine)
 void ui_input_frame_update(running_machine &machine)
 {
 	ui_input_private *uidata = machine.ui_input_data;
-	int code;
 
 	/* update the state of all the UI keys */
-	for (code = __ipt_ui_start; code <= __ipt_ui_end; code++)
+	for (ioport_type code = ioport_type(IPT_UI_FIRST + 1); code < IPT_UI_LAST; code++)
 	{
-		int pressed = machine.input().seq_pressed(input_type_seq(machine, code, 0, SEQ_TYPE_STANDARD));
+		bool pressed = machine.ioport().type_pressed(code);
 		if (!pressed || uidata->seqpressed[code] != SEQ_PRESSED_RESET)
 			uidata->seqpressed[code] = pressed;
 	}
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ void ui_input_reset(running_machine &machine)
 
 	uidata->events_start = 0;
 	uidata->events_end = 0;
-	for (code = __ipt_ui_start; code <= __ipt_ui_end; code++)
+	for (code = IPT_UI_FIRST + 1; code < IPT_UI_LAST; code++)
 	{
 		uidata->seqpressed[code] = SEQ_PRESSED_RESET;
 		uidata->next_repeat[code] = 0;

src/emu/uimain.c

@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@ ui_menu_main::ui_menu_main(running_machine &machine, render_container *container
 
 void ui_menu_main::populate()
 {
-	input_field_config *field;
+	ioport_field *field;
-	input_port_config *port;
+	ioport_port *port;
 	int has_configs = false;
 	int has_analog = false;
 	int has_dips = false;
@@ -118,13 +118,13 @@ void ui_menu_main::populate()
 	astring menu_text;
 	/* scan the input port array to see what options we need to enable */
 	for (port = machine().ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
 		{
-			if (field->type == IPT_DIPSWITCH)
+			if (field->type() == IPT_DIPSWITCH)
 				has_dips = true;
-			if (field->type == IPT_CONFIG)
+			if (field->type() == IPT_CONFIG)
 				has_configs = true;
-			if (input_type_is_analog(field->type))
+			if (field->is_analog())
 				has_analog = true;
 		}
 	device_iterator deviter(machine().root_device());
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void ui_menu_main::populate()
 	}
 
 	/* add keyboard mode menu */
-	if (input_machine_has_keyboard(machine()) && inputx_can_post(machine()))
+	if (machine().ioport().has_keyboard() && machine().ioport().natkeyboard().can_post())
 		item_append("Keyboard Mode", NULL, 0, (void *)KEYBOARD_MODE);
 
 	/* add sliders menu */
@@ -671,10 +671,10 @@ void ui_menu_input_general::populate()
 	suborder[SEQ_TYPE_INCREMENT] = 2;
 
 	/* iterate over the input ports and add menu items */
-	for (input_type_entry *entry = input_type_list(machine()).first(); entry != NULL; entry = entry->next())
+	for (input_type_entry *entry = machine().ioport().first_type(); entry != NULL; entry = entry->next())
 
 		/* add if we match the group and we have a valid name */
-		if (entry->group == group && entry->name != NULL && entry->name[0] != 0)
+		if (entry->group() == group && entry->name() != NULL && entry->name()[0] != 0)
 		{
 			input_seq_type seqtype;
 
@@ -689,11 +689,11 @@ void ui_menu_input_general::populate()
 				if(pollingitem && pollingref == entry && pollingseq == seqtype)
 					pollingitem = item;
 				item->seqtype = seqtype;
-				item->seq = input_type_seq(machine(), entry->type, entry->player, seqtype);
+				item->seq = machine().ioport().type_seq(entry->type(), entry->player(), seqtype);
-				item->defseq = &entry->defseq[seqtype];
+				item->defseq = &entry->defseq(seqtype);
 				item->sortorder = sortorder * 4 + suborder[seqtype];
-				item->type = input_type_is_analog(entry->type) ? (INPUT_TYPE_ANALOG + seqtype) : INPUT_TYPE_DIGITAL;
+				item->type = ioport_manager::type_is_analog(entry->type()) ? (INPUT_TYPE_ANALOG + seqtype) : INPUT_TYPE_DIGITAL;
-				item->name = entry->name;
+				item->name = entry->name();
 				item->next = itemlist;
 				itemlist = item;
 
@@ -723,8 +723,8 @@ ui_menu_input_specific::ui_menu_input_specific(running_machine &machine, render_
 void ui_menu_input_specific::populate()
 {
 	input_item_data *itemlist = NULL;
-	input_field_config *field;
+	ioport_field *field;
-	input_port_config *port;
+	ioport_port *port;
 	int suborder[SEQ_TYPE_TOTAL];
 	astring tempstring;
 
@@ -735,22 +735,22 @@ void ui_menu_input_specific::populate()
 
 	/* iterate over the input ports and add menu items */
 	for (port = machine().ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
 		{
-			const char *name = input_field_name(field);
+			const char *name = field->name();
 
 			/* add if we match the group and we have a valid name */
-			if (name != NULL && input_condition_true(machine(), &field->condition, port->owner()) &&
+			if (name != NULL && field->enabled() &&
-				((field->type == IPT_OTHER && field->name != NULL) || input_type_group(machine(), field->type, field->player) != IPG_INVALID))
+				((field->type() == IPT_OTHER && field->name() != NULL) || machine().ioport().type_group(field->type(), field->player()) != IPG_INVALID))
 			{
 				input_seq_type seqtype;
 				UINT16 sortorder;
 
 				/* determine the sorting order */
-				if (field->type >= IPT_START1 && field->type <= __ipt_analog_end)
+				if (field->type() >= IPT_START1 && field->type() < IPT_ANALOG_LAST)
-					sortorder = (field->type << 2) | (field->player << 12);
+					sortorder = (field->type() << 2) | (field->player() << 12);
 				else
-					sortorder = field->type | 0xf000;
+					sortorder = field->type() | 0xf000;
 
 				/* loop over all sequence types */
 				for (seqtype = SEQ_TYPE_STANDARD; seqtype < SEQ_TYPE_TOTAL; seqtype++)
@@ -762,10 +762,10 @@ void ui_menu_input_specific::populate()
 					item->seqtype = seqtype;
 					if(pollingitem && pollingref == field && pollingseq == seqtype)
 						pollingitem = item;
-					item->seq = input_field_seq(field, seqtype);
+					item->seq = field->seq(seqtype);
 					item->defseq = &get_field_default_seq(field, seqtype);
 					item->sortorder = sortorder + suborder[seqtype];
-					item->type = input_type_is_analog(field->type) ? (INPUT_TYPE_ANALOG + seqtype) : INPUT_TYPE_DIGITAL;
+					item->type = field->is_analog() ? (INPUT_TYPE_ANALOG + seqtype) : INPUT_TYPE_DIGITAL;
 					item->name = name;
 					item->next = itemlist;
 					itemlist = item;
@@ -820,12 +820,12 @@ void ui_menu_input::toggle_none_default(input_seq &selected_seq, input_seq &orig
     to the default sequence for the given field
 -------------------------------------------------*/
 
-const input_seq &ui_menu_input::get_field_default_seq(input_field_config *field, input_seq_type seqtype)
+const input_seq &ui_menu_input::get_field_default_seq(ioport_field *field, input_seq_type seqtype)
 {
-	if (field->seq[seqtype].is_default())
+	if (field->seq(seqtype).is_default())
-		return input_type_seq(field->machine(), field->type, field->player, seqtype);
+		return field->machine().ioport().type_seq(field->type(), field->player(), seqtype);
 	else
-		return field->seq[seqtype];
+		return field->seq(seqtype);
 }
 
 void ui_menu_input::handle()
@@ -916,16 +916,16 @@ void ui_menu_input::handle()
 void ui_menu_input_general::update_input(struct input_item_data *seqchangeditem)
 {
 	const input_type_entry *entry = (const input_type_entry *)seqchangeditem->ref;
-	input_type_set_seq(machine(), entry->type, entry->player, seqchangeditem->seqtype, &seqchangeditem->seq);
+	machine().ioport().set_type_seq(entry->type(), entry->player(), seqchangeditem->seqtype, seqchangeditem->seq);
 }
 
 void ui_menu_input_specific::update_input(struct input_item_data *seqchangeditem)
 {
-	input_field_user_settings settings;
+	ioport_field::user_settings settings;
 
-	input_field_get_user_settings((input_field_config *)seqchangeditem->ref, &settings);
+	((ioport_field *)seqchangeditem->ref)->get_user_settings(settings);
 	settings.seq[seqchangeditem->seqtype] = seqchangeditem->seq;
-	input_field_set_user_settings((input_field_config *)seqchangeditem->ref, &settings);
+	((ioport_field *)seqchangeditem->ref)->set_user_settings(settings);
 }
 
 
@@ -1047,29 +1047,29 @@ void ui_menu_settings::handle()
 	/* handle events */
 	if (menu_event != NULL && menu_event->itemref != NULL)
 	{
-		input_field_config *field = (input_field_config *)menu_event->itemref;
+		ioport_field *field = (ioport_field *)menu_event->itemref;
-		input_field_user_settings settings;
+		ioport_field::user_settings settings;
 		int changed = false;
 
 		switch (menu_event->iptkey)
 		{
 			/* if selected, reset to default value */
 			case IPT_UI_SELECT:
-				input_field_get_user_settings(field, &settings);
+				field->get_user_settings(settings);
-				settings.value = field->defvalue;
+				settings.value = field->defvalue();
-				input_field_set_user_settings(field, &settings);
+				field->set_user_settings(settings);
 				changed = true;
 				break;
 
 			/* left goes to previous setting */
 			case IPT_UI_LEFT:
-				input_field_select_previous_setting(field);
+				field->select_previous_setting();
 				changed = true;
 				break;
 
 			/* right goes to next setting */
 			case IPT_UI_RIGHT:
-				input_field_select_next_setting(field);
+				field->select_next_setting();
 				changed = true;
 				break;
 		}
@@ -1093,8 +1093,8 @@ ui_menu_settings::ui_menu_settings(running_machine &machine, render_container *c
 
 void ui_menu_settings::populate()
 {
-	input_field_config *field;
+	ioport_field *field;
-	input_port_config *port;
+	ioport_port *port;
 	dip_descriptor **diplist_tailptr;
 
 	/* reset the dip switch tracking */
@@ -1104,39 +1104,39 @@ void ui_menu_settings::populate()
 
 	/* loop over input ports and set up the current values */
 	for (port = machine().ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (field->type == type && input_condition_true(machine(), &field->condition, port->owner()))
+			if (field->type() == type && field->enabled())
 			{
 				UINT32 flags = 0;
 
 				/* set the left/right flags appropriately */
-				if (input_field_has_previous_setting(field))
+				if (field->has_previous_setting())
 					flags |= MENU_FLAG_LEFT_ARROW;
-				if (input_field_has_next_setting(field))
+				if (field->has_next_setting())
 					flags |= MENU_FLAG_RIGHT_ARROW;
 
 				/* add the menu item */
-				item_append(input_field_name(field), input_field_setting_name(field), flags, (void *)field);
+				item_append(field->name(), field->setting_name(), flags, (void *)field);
 
 				/* for DIP switches, build up the model */
-				if (type == IPT_DIPSWITCH && field->diploclist().count() != 0)
+				if (type == IPT_DIPSWITCH && field->first_diplocation() != NULL)
 				{
-					const input_field_diplocation *diploc;
+					const ioport_diplocation *diploc;
-					input_field_user_settings settings;
+					ioport_field::user_settings settings;
-					UINT32 accummask = field->mask;
+					UINT32 accummask = field->mask();
 
 					/* get current settings */
-					input_field_get_user_settings(field, &settings);
+					field->get_user_settings(settings);
 
 					/* iterate over each bit in the field */
-					for (diploc = field->diploclist().first(); diploc != NULL; diploc = diploc->next())
+					for (diploc = field->first_diplocation(); diploc != NULL; diploc = diploc->next())
 					{
 						UINT32 mask = accummask & ~(accummask - 1);
 						dip_descriptor *dip;
 
 						/* find the matching switch name */
 						for (dip = diplist; dip != NULL; dip = dip->next)
-							if (strcmp(dip->name, diploc->swname) == 0)
+							if (strcmp(dip->name, diploc->name()) == 0)
 								break;
 
 						/* allocate new if none */
@@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@ void ui_menu_settings::populate()
 						{
 							dip = (dip_descriptor *)m_pool_alloc(sizeof(*dip));
 							dip->next = NULL;
-							dip->name = diploc->swname;
+							dip->name = diploc->name();
 							dip->mask = dip->state = 0;
 							*diplist_tailptr = dip;
 							diplist_tailptr = &dip->next;
@@ -1153,9 +1153,9 @@ void ui_menu_settings::populate()
 						}
 
 						/* apply the bits */
-						dip->mask |= 1 << (diploc->swnum - 1);
+						dip->mask |= 1 << (diploc->number() - 1);
-						if (((settings.value & mask) != 0 && !diploc->invert) || ((settings.value & mask) == 0 && diploc->invert))
+						if (((settings.value & mask) != 0 && !diploc->inverted()) || ((settings.value & mask) == 0 && diploc->inverted()))
-							dip->state |= 1 << (diploc->swnum - 1);
+							dip->state |= 1 << (diploc->number() - 1);
 
 						/* clear the relevant bit in the accumulated mask */
 						accummask &= ~mask;
@@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ ui_menu_settings::~ui_menu_settings()
 
 void ui_menu_settings_dip_switches::custom_render(void *selectedref, float top, float bottom, float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2)
 {
-	input_field_config *field = (input_field_config *)selectedref;
+	ioport_field *field = (ioport_field *)selectedref;
 	dip_descriptor *dip;
 
 	/* add borders */
@@ -1193,14 +1193,14 @@ void ui_menu_settings_dip_switches::custom_render(void *selectedref, float top,
 	{
 		if (mame_stricmp(dip->name, "FAKE") != 0)
 		{
-			const input_field_diplocation *diploc;
+			const ioport_diplocation *diploc;
 			UINT32 selectedmask = 0;
 
 			/* determine the mask of selected bits */
 			if (field != NULL)
-				for (diploc = field->diploclist().first(); diploc != NULL; diploc = diploc->next())
+				for (diploc = field->first_diplocation(); diploc != NULL; diploc = diploc->next())
-					if (strcmp(dip->name, diploc->swname) == 0)
+					if (strcmp(dip->name, diploc->name()) == 0)
-						selectedmask |= 1 << (diploc->swnum - 1);
+						selectedmask |= 1 << (diploc->number() - 1);
 
 			/* draw one switch */
 			custom_render_one(x1, y1, x2, y1 + DIP_SWITCH_HEIGHT, dip, selectedmask);
@@ -1322,10 +1322,10 @@ void ui_menu_analog::handle()
 		/* if things changed, update */
 		if (newval != data->cur)
 		{
-			input_field_user_settings settings;
+			ioport_field::user_settings settings;
 
 			/* get the settings and set the new value */
-			input_field_get_user_settings(data->field, &settings);
+			data->field->get_user_settings(settings);
 			switch (data->type)
 			{
 				case ANALOG_ITEM_KEYSPEED:		settings.delta = newval;		break;
@@ -1333,7 +1333,7 @@ void ui_menu_analog::handle()
 				case ANALOG_ITEM_REVERSE:		settings.reverse = newval;		break;
 				case ANALOG_ITEM_SENSITIVITY:	settings.sensitivity = newval;	break;
 			}
-			input_field_set_user_settings(data->field, &settings);
+			data->field->set_user_settings(settings);
 
 			/* rebuild the menu */
 			reset(UI_MENU_RESET_REMEMBER_POSITION);
@@ -1353,26 +1353,26 @@ ui_menu_analog::ui_menu_analog(running_machine &machine, render_container *conta
 
 void ui_menu_analog::populate()
 {
-	input_field_config *field;
+	ioport_field *field;
-	input_port_config *port;
+	ioport_port *port;
 	astring subtext;
 	astring text;
 
 	/* loop over input ports and add the items */
 	for (port = machine().ioport().first_port(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
-		for (field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+		for (field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
-			if (input_type_is_analog(field->type) && input_condition_true(machine(), &field->condition, port->owner()))
+			if (field->is_analog() && field->enabled())
 			{
-				input_field_user_settings settings;
+				ioport_field::user_settings settings;
 				int use_autocenter = false;
 				int type;
 
 				/* based on the type, determine if we enable autocenter */
-				switch (field->type)
+				switch (field->type())
 				{
 					case IPT_POSITIONAL:
 					case IPT_POSITIONAL_V:
-						if (field->flags & ANALOG_FLAG_WRAPS)
+						if (field->analog_wraps())
 							break;
 
 					case IPT_AD_STICK_X:
@@ -1385,10 +1385,13 @@ void ui_menu_analog::populate()
 					case IPT_PEDAL3:
 						use_autocenter = true;
 						break;
+					
+					default:
+						break;
 				}
 
 				/* get the user settings */
-				input_field_get_user_settings(field, &settings);
+				field->get_user_settings(settings);
 
 				/* iterate over types */
 				for (type = 0; type < ANALOG_ITEM_COUNT; type++)
@@ -1407,39 +1410,39 @@ void ui_menu_analog::populate()
 						{
 							default:
 							case ANALOG_ITEM_KEYSPEED:
-								text.printf("%s Digital Speed", input_field_name(field));
+								text.printf("%s Digital Speed", field->name());
 								subtext.printf("%d", settings.delta);
 								data->min = 0;
 								data->max = 255;
 								data->cur = settings.delta;
-								data->defvalue = field->delta;
+								data->defvalue = field->delta();
 								break;
 
 							case ANALOG_ITEM_CENTERSPEED:
-								text.printf("%s Autocenter Speed", input_field_name(field));
+								text.printf("%s Autocenter Speed", field->name());
 								subtext.printf("%d", settings.centerdelta);
 								data->min = 0;
 								data->max = 255;
 								data->cur = settings.centerdelta;
-								data->defvalue = field->centerdelta;
+								data->defvalue = field->centerdelta();
 								break;
 
 							case ANALOG_ITEM_REVERSE:
-								text.printf("%s Reverse", input_field_name(field));
+								text.printf("%s Reverse", field->name());
 								subtext.cpy(settings.reverse ? "On" : "Off");
 								data->min = 0;
 								data->max = 1;
 								data->cur = settings.reverse;
-								data->defvalue = ((field->flags & ANALOG_FLAG_REVERSE) != 0);
+								data->defvalue = field->analog_reverse();
 								break;
 
 							case ANALOG_ITEM_SENSITIVITY:
-								text.printf("%s Sensitivity", input_field_name(field));
+								text.printf("%s Sensitivity", field->name());
 								subtext.printf("%d", settings.sensitivity);
 								data->min = 1;
 								data->max = 255;
 								data->cur = settings.sensitivity;
-								data->defvalue = field->sensitivity;
+								data->defvalue = field->sensitivity();
 								break;
 						}
 

src/emu/uimain.h

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ protected:
 	void populate_and_sort(struct input_item_data *itemlist);
 	virtual void update_input(struct input_item_data *seqchangeditem) = 0;
 	void toggle_none_default(input_seq &selected_seq, input_seq &original_seq, const input_seq &selected_defseq);
-	const input_seq &get_field_default_seq(input_field_config *field, input_seq_type seqtype);
+	const input_seq &get_field_default_seq(ioport_field *field, input_seq_type seqtype);
 
 protected:
 	const void *		pollingref;
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ private:
 
 	/* internal analog menu item data */
 	struct analog_item_data {
-		input_field_config *field;
+		ioport_field *field;
 		int					type;
 		int					min, max;
 		int					cur;

src/emu/uimenu.c

@@ -907,7 +907,7 @@ void ui_menu::handle_keys(UINT32 flags)
 
 	/* see if any other UI keys are pressed */
 	if (menu_event.iptkey == IPT_INVALID)
-		for (code = __ipt_ui_start; code <= __ipt_ui_end; code++)
+		for (code = IPT_UI_FIRST + 1; code < IPT_UI_LAST; code++)
 		{
 			if (code == IPT_UI_CONFIGURE || (code == IPT_UI_LEFT && ignoreleft) || (code == IPT_UI_RIGHT && ignoreright) || (code == IPT_UI_PAUSE && ignorepause))
 				continue;

src/emu/validity.c

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ UINT8 your_ptr64_flag_is_wrong[(int)(5 - sizeof(void *))];
 
 inline const char *validity_checker::ioport_string_from_index(UINT32 index)
 {
-	return input_port_string_from_token((const char *)(FPTR)index);
+	return ioport_configurer::string_from_token((const char *)(FPTR)index);
 }
 
 
@@ -808,38 +808,38 @@ void validity_checker::validate_gfx()
 //  analog input field
 //-------------------------------------------------
 
-void validity_checker::validate_analog_input_field(input_field_config &field)
+void validity_checker::validate_analog_input_field(ioport_field &field)
 {
 	// analog ports must have a valid sensitivity
-	if (field.sensitivity == 0)
+	if (field.sensitivity() == 0)
 		mame_printf_error("Analog port with zero sensitivity\n");
 
 	// check that the default falls in the bitmask range
-	if (field.defvalue & ~field.mask)
+	if (field.defvalue() & ~field.mask())
-		mame_printf_error("Analog port with a default value (%X) out of the bitmask range (%X)\n", field.defvalue, field.mask);
+		mame_printf_error("Analog port with a default value (%X) out of the bitmask range (%X)\n", field.defvalue(), field.mask());
 
 	// tests for positional devices
-	if (field.type == IPT_POSITIONAL || field.type == IPT_POSITIONAL_V)
+	if (field.type() == IPT_POSITIONAL || field.type() == IPT_POSITIONAL_V)
 	{
 		int shift;
-		for (shift = 0; shift <= 31 && (~field.mask & (1 << shift)) != 0; shift++) ;
+		for (shift = 0; shift <= 31 && (~field.mask() & (1 << shift)) != 0; shift++) ;
 
 		// convert the positional max value to be in the bitmask for testing
-		INT32 analog_max = field.max;
+		INT32 analog_max = field.maxval();
 		analog_max = (analog_max - 1) << shift;
 
 		// positional port size must fit in bits used
-		if ((field.mask >> shift) + 1 < field.max)
+		if ((field.mask() >> shift) + 1 < field.maxval())
 			mame_printf_error("Analog port with a positional port size bigger then the mask size\n");
 	}
 
 	// tests for absolute devices
-	else if (field.type >= __ipt_analog_absolute_start && field.type <= __ipt_analog_absolute_end)
+	else if (field.type() > IPT_ANALOG_ABSOLUTE_FIRST && field.type() < IPT_ANALOG_ABSOLUTE_LAST)
 	{
 		// adjust for signed values
-		INT32 default_value = field.defvalue;
+		INT32 default_value = field.defvalue();
-		INT32 analog_min = field.min;
+		INT32 analog_min = field.minval();
-		INT32 analog_max = field.max;
+		INT32 analog_max = field.maxval();
 		if (analog_min > analog_max)
 		{
 			analog_min = -analog_min;
@@ -849,19 +849,19 @@ void validity_checker::validate_analog_input_field(input_field_config &field)
 
 		// check that the default falls in the MINMAX range
 		if (default_value < analog_min || default_value > analog_max)
-			mame_printf_error("Analog port with a default value (%X) out of PORT_MINMAX range (%X-%X)\n", field.defvalue, field.min, field.max);
+			mame_printf_error("Analog port with a default value (%X) out of PORT_MINMAX range (%X-%X)\n", field.defvalue(), field.minval(), field.maxval());
 
 		// check that the MINMAX falls in the bitmask range
 		// we use the unadjusted min for testing
-		if (field.min & ~field.mask || analog_max & ~field.mask)
+		if (field.minval() & ~field.mask() || analog_max & ~field.mask())
-			mame_printf_error("Analog port with a PORT_MINMAX (%X-%X) value out of the bitmask range (%X)\n", field.min, field.max, field.mask);
+			mame_printf_error("Analog port with a PORT_MINMAX (%X-%X) value out of the bitmask range (%X)\n", field.minval(), field.maxval(), field.mask());
 
 		// absolute analog ports do not use PORT_RESET
-		if (field.flags & ANALOG_FLAG_RESET)
+		if (field.analog_reset())
 			mame_printf_error("Absolute analog port using PORT_RESET\n");
 
 		// absolute analog ports do not use PORT_WRAPS
-		if (field.flags & ANALOG_FLAG_WRAPS)
+		if (field.analog_wraps())
 			mame_printf_error("Absolute analog port using PORT_WRAPS\n");
 	}
 
@@ -869,16 +869,16 @@ void validity_checker::validate_analog_input_field(input_field_config &field)
 	else
 	{
 		// relative devices do not use PORT_MINMAX
-		if (field.min != 0 || field.max != field.mask)
+		if (field.minval() != 0 || field.maxval() != field.mask())
 			mame_printf_error("Relative port using PORT_MINMAX\n");
 
 		// relative devices do not use a default value
 		// the counter is at 0 on power up
-		if (field.defvalue != 0)
+		if (field.defvalue() != 0)
 			mame_printf_error("Relative port using non-0 default value\n");
 
 		// relative analog ports do not use PORT_WRAPS
-		if (field.flags & ANALOG_FLAG_WRAPS)
+		if (field.analog_wraps())
 			mame_printf_error("Absolute analog port using PORT_WRAPS\n");
 	}
 }
@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ void validity_checker::validate_analog_input_field(input_field_config &field)
 //  setting
 //-------------------------------------------------
 
-void validity_checker::validate_dip_settings(input_field_config &field)
+void validity_checker::validate_dip_settings(ioport_field &field)
 {
 	const char *demo_sounds = ioport_string_from_index(INPUT_STRING_Demo_Sounds);
 	const char *flipscreen = ioport_string_from_index(INPUT_STRING_Flip_Screen);
@@ -897,46 +897,46 @@ void validity_checker::validate_dip_settings(input_field_config &field)
 	bool coin_error = false;
 
 	// iterate through the settings
-	for (const input_setting_config *setting = field.settinglist().first(); setting != NULL; setting = setting->next())
+	for (ioport_setting *setting = field.first_setting(); setting != NULL; setting = setting->next())
 	{
 		// note any coinage strings
-		int strindex = get_defstr_index(setting->name);
+		int strindex = get_defstr_index(setting->name());
 		if (strindex >= __input_string_coinage_start && strindex <= __input_string_coinage_end)
 			coin_list[strindex - __input_string_coinage_start] = 1;
 
 		// make sure demo sounds default to on
-		if (field.name == demo_sounds && strindex == INPUT_STRING_On && field.defvalue != setting->value)
+		if (field.name() == demo_sounds && strindex == INPUT_STRING_On && field.defvalue() != setting->value())
 			mame_printf_error("Demo Sounds must default to On\n");
 
 		// check for bad demo sounds options
-		if (field.name == demo_sounds && (strindex == INPUT_STRING_Yes || strindex == INPUT_STRING_No))
+		if (field.name() == demo_sounds && (strindex == INPUT_STRING_Yes || strindex == INPUT_STRING_No))
-			mame_printf_error("Demo Sounds option must be Off/On, not %s\n", setting->name);
+			mame_printf_error("Demo Sounds option must be Off/On, not %s\n", setting->name());
 
 		// check for bad flip screen options
-		if (field.name == flipscreen && (strindex == INPUT_STRING_Yes || strindex == INPUT_STRING_No))
+		if (field.name() == flipscreen && (strindex == INPUT_STRING_Yes || strindex == INPUT_STRING_No))
-			mame_printf_error("Flip Screen option must be Off/On, not %s\n", setting->name);
+			mame_printf_error("Flip Screen option must be Off/On, not %s\n", setting->name());
 
 		// if we have a neighbor, compare ourselves to him
 		if (setting->next() != NULL)
 		{
 			// check for inverted off/on dispswitch order
-			int next_strindex = get_defstr_index(setting->next()->name, true);
+			int next_strindex = get_defstr_index(setting->next()->name(), true);
 			if (strindex == INPUT_STRING_On && next_strindex == INPUT_STRING_Off)
-				mame_printf_error("%s option must have Off/On options in the order: Off, On\n", field.name);
+				mame_printf_error("%s option must have Off/On options in the order: Off, On\n", field.name());
 
 			// check for inverted yes/no dispswitch order
 			else if (strindex == INPUT_STRING_Yes && next_strindex == INPUT_STRING_No)
-				mame_printf_error("%s option must have Yes/No options in the order: No, Yes\n", field.name);
+				mame_printf_error("%s option must have Yes/No options in the order: No, Yes\n", field.name());
 
 			// check for inverted upright/cocktail dispswitch order
 			else if (strindex == INPUT_STRING_Cocktail && next_strindex == INPUT_STRING_Upright)
-				mame_printf_error("%s option must have Upright/Cocktail options in the order: Upright, Cocktail\n", field.name);
+				mame_printf_error("%s option must have Upright/Cocktail options in the order: Upright, Cocktail\n", field.name());
 
 			// check for proper coin ordering
 			else if (strindex >= __input_string_coinage_start && strindex <= __input_string_coinage_end && next_strindex >= __input_string_coinage_start && next_strindex <= __input_string_coinage_end &&
-					 strindex >= next_strindex && memcmp(&setting->condition, &setting->next()->condition, sizeof(setting->condition)) == 0)
+					 strindex >= next_strindex && setting->condition() == setting->next()->condition())
 			{
-				mame_printf_error("%s option has unsorted coinage %s > %s\n", field.name, setting->name, setting->next()->name);
+				mame_printf_error("%s option has unsorted coinage %s > %s\n", field.name(), setting->name(), setting->next()->name());
 				coin_error = true;
 			}
 		}
@@ -958,15 +958,15 @@ void validity_checker::validate_dip_settings(input_field_config &field)
 //  stored within an ioport field or setting
 //-------------------------------------------------
 
-void validity_checker::validate_condition(input_condition &condition, device_t &device, int_map &port_map)
+void validity_checker::validate_condition(ioport_condition &condition, device_t &device, int_map &port_map)
 {
 	// resolve the tag
 	astring porttag;
-	device.subtag(porttag, condition.tag);
+	device.subtag(porttag, condition.tag());
 
 	// then find a matching port
 	if (port_map.find(porttag) == 0)
-		mame_printf_error("Condition referencing non-existent ioport tag '%s'\n", condition.tag);
+		mame_printf_error("Condition referencing non-existent ioport tag '%s'\n", condition.tag());
 }
 
 
@@ -992,38 +992,38 @@ void validity_checker::validate_inputs()
 		// allocate the input ports
 		ioport_list portlist;
 		astring errorbuf;
-		input_port_list_init(*device, portlist, errorbuf);
+		portlist.append(*device, errorbuf);
 
 		// report any errors during construction
 		if (errorbuf)
 			mame_printf_error("I/O port error during construction:\n%s\n", errorbuf.cstr());
 
 		// do a first pass over ports to add their names and find duplicates
-		for (input_port_config *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
+		for (ioport_port *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
 			if (port_map.add(port->tag(), 1, false) == TMERR_DUPLICATE)
 				mame_printf_error("Multiple I/O ports with the same tag '%s' defined\n", port->tag());
 
 		// iterate over ports
-		for (input_port_config *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
+		for (ioport_port *port = portlist.first(); port != NULL; port = port->next())
 		{
 			m_current_ioport = port->tag();
 
 			// iterate through the fields on this port
-			for (input_field_config *field = port->fieldlist().first(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
+			for (ioport_field *field = port->first_field(); field != NULL; field = field->next())
 			{
 				// verify analog inputs
-				if (input_type_is_analog(field->type))
+				if (field->is_analog())
 					validate_analog_input_field(*field);
 
 				// look for invalid (0) types which should be mapped to IPT_OTHER
-				if (field->type == IPT_INVALID)
+				if (field->type() == IPT_INVALID)
 					mame_printf_error("Field has an invalid type (0); use IPT_OTHER instead\n");
 
 				// verify dip switches
-				if (field->type == IPT_DIPSWITCH)
+				if (field->type() == IPT_DIPSWITCH)
 				{
 					// dip switch fields must have a name
-					if (field->name == NULL)
+					if (field->name() == NULL)
 						mame_printf_error("DIP switch has a NULL name\n");
 
 					// verify the settings list
@@ -1031,32 +1031,33 @@ void validity_checker::validate_inputs()
 				}
 
 				// verify names
-				if (field->name != NULL)
+				const char *name = field->specific_name();
+				if (name != NULL)
 				{
 					// check for empty string
-					if (field->name[0] == 0)
+					if (name[0] == 0)
 						mame_printf_error("Field name is an empty string\n");
 
 					// check for trailing spaces
-					if (field->name[0] != 0 && field->name[strlen(field->name) - 1] == ' ')
+					if (name[0] != 0 && name[strlen(name) - 1] == ' ')
-						mame_printf_error("Field '%s' has trailing spaces\n", field->name);
+						mame_printf_error("Field '%s' has trailing spaces\n", name);
 
 					// check for invalid UTF-8
-					if (!utf8_is_valid_string(field->name))
+					if (!utf8_is_valid_string(name))
-						mame_printf_error("Field '%s' has invalid characters\n", field->name);
+						mame_printf_error("Field '%s' has invalid characters\n", name);
 
 					// look up the string and print an error if default strings are not used
-					/*strindex =get_defstr_index(defstr_map, field->name, driver, &error);*/
+					/*strindex =get_defstr_index(defstr_map, name, driver, &error);*/
 				}
 
 				// verify conditions on the field
-				if (field->condition.tag != NULL)
+				if (!field->condition().none())
-					validate_condition(field->condition, *device, port_map);
+					validate_condition(field->condition(), *device, port_map);
 
 				// verify conditions on the settings
-				for (input_setting_config *setting = field->settinglist().first(); setting != NULL; setting = setting->next())
+				for (ioport_setting *setting = field->first_setting(); setting != NULL; setting = setting->next())
-					if (setting->condition.tag != NULL)
+					if (!setting->condition().none())
-						validate_condition(setting->condition, *device, port_map);
+						validate_condition(setting->condition(), *device, port_map);
 			}
 
 			// done with this port

src/emu/validity.h

@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ private:
 	void validate_roms();
 	void validate_display();
 	void validate_gfx();
-	void validate_analog_input_field(input_field_config &field);
+	void validate_analog_input_field(ioport_field &field);
-	void validate_dip_settings(input_field_config &field);
+	void validate_dip_settings(ioport_field &field);
-	void validate_condition(input_condition &condition, device_t &device, int_map &port_map);
+	void validate_condition(ioport_condition &condition, device_t &device, int_map &port_map);
 	void validate_inputs();
 	void validate_devices();
 

src/emu/video/pc_cga.c

@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ INPUT_PORTS_START( pcvideo_pc1512 )
 INPUT_PORTS_END
 
 /* Dipswitch for font selection */
-#define CGA_FONT        (input_port_read_direct(cga.config_input_port)&3)
+#define CGA_FONT        (cga.config_input_port->read()&3)
 
 /* Dipswitch for monitor selection */
-#define CGA_MONITOR     (input_port_read_direct(cga.config_input_port)&0x1C)
+#define CGA_MONITOR     (cga.config_input_port->read()&0x1C)
 #define CGA_MONITOR_RGB         0x00    /* Colour RGB */
 #define CGA_MONITOR_MONO        0x04    /* Greyscale RGB */
 #define CGA_MONITOR_COMPOSITE   0x08    /* Colour composite */
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ INPUT_PORTS_END
 
 
 /* Dipswitch for chipset selection */
-#define CGA_CHIPSET     (input_port_read_direct(cga.config_input_port)&0xE0)
+#define CGA_CHIPSET     (cga.config_input_port->read()&0xE0)
 #define CGA_CHIPSET_IBM         0x00    /* Original IBM CGA */
 #define CGA_CHIPSET_PC1512      0x20    /* PC1512 CGA subset */
 #define CGA_CHIPSET_PC200       0x40    /* PC200 in CGA mode */
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ static struct
 
 	UINT8	*chr_gen;
 
-	const input_port_config *config_input_port;
+	ioport_port *config_input_port;
 
 	mc6845_update_row_func	update_row;
 	UINT8	palette_lut_2bpp[4];

src/ldplayer/ldplayer.c

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ protected:
 
 	// internal state
 	astring m_filename;
-	input_port_value m_last_controls;
+	ioport_value m_last_controls;
 	bool m_playing;
 	required_device<laserdisc_device> m_laserdisc;
 };
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ chd_file *ldplayer_state::get_disc()
 
 void ldplayer_state::process_commands()
 {
-	input_port_value controls = input_port_read(machine(), "controls");
+	ioport_value controls = machine().root_device().ioport("controls")->read();
 	int number;
 
 	// step backwards

src/mame/audio/8080bw.c

@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER(_8080bw_state::schaser_sh_port_2_w)
 	m_schaser_background_disable = (data >> 3) & 0x01;
 	m_schaser_background_select = (data >> 4) & 0x01;
 
-	m_c8080bw_flip_screen = (data & 0x20) && (input_port_read(machine(), CABINET_PORT_TAG) & 0x01);
+	m_c8080bw_flip_screen = (data & 0x20) && (ioport(CABINET_PORT_TAG)->read() & 0x01);
 
 	m_port_2_last_extra = data;
 }
@@ -1032,7 +1032,7 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER(_8080bw_state::lupin3_sh_port_2_w)
 
 	m_color_map = data & 0x40;
 
-	m_c8080bw_flip_screen = (data & 0x20) && (input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x04);
+	m_c8080bw_flip_screen = (data & 0x20) && (ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x04);
 
 	m_port_2_last_extra = data;
 }

src/mame/audio/atarijsa.c

@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ static READ8_HANDLER( jsa1_io_r )
                 0x02 = coin 2
                 0x01 = coin 1
             */
-			result = input_port_read(space->machine(), "JSAI");
+			result = space->machine().root_device().ioport("JSAI")->read();
-			if (!(input_port_read(space->machine(), test_port) & test_mask)) result ^= 0x80;
+			if (!(space->machine().root_device().ioport(test_port)->read() & test_mask)) result ^= 0x80;
 			if (atarigen->m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x40;
 			if (atarigen->m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x20;
 			if ((tms5220 != NULL) && (tms5220_readyq_r(tms5220) == 0))
@@ -360,8 +360,8 @@ static READ8_HANDLER( jsa2_io_r )
                 0x02 = coin 2
                 0x01 = coin 1
             */
-			result = input_port_read(space->machine(), "JSAII");
+			result = space->machine().root_device().ioport("JSAII")->read();
-			if (!(input_port_read(space->machine(), test_port) & test_mask)) result ^= 0x80;
+			if (!(space->machine().root_device().ioport(test_port)->read() & test_mask)) result ^= 0x80;
 			if (atarigen->m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x40;
 			if (atarigen->m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x20;
 			break;
@@ -483,8 +483,8 @@ static READ8_HANDLER( jsa3_io_r )
                 0x02 = coin L (active high)
                 0x01 = coin R (active high)
             */
-			result = input_port_read(space->machine(), "JSAIII");
+			result = space->machine().root_device().ioport("JSAIII")->read();
-			if (!(input_port_read(space->machine(), test_port) & test_mask)) result ^= 0x90;
+			if (!(space->machine().root_device().ioport(test_port)->read() & test_mask)) result ^= 0x90;
 			if (atarigen->m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x40;
 			if (atarigen->m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x20;
 			break;
@@ -617,8 +617,8 @@ static READ8_HANDLER( jsa3s_io_r )
                 0x02 = coin L (active high)
                 0x01 = coin R (active high)
             */
-			result = input_port_read(space->machine(), "JSAIII");
+			result = space->machine().root_device().ioport("JSAIII")->read();
-			if (!(input_port_read(space->machine(), test_port) & test_mask)) result ^= 0x90;
+			if (!(space->machine().root_device().ioport(test_port)->read() & test_mask)) result ^= 0x90;
 			if (atarigen->m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x40;
 			if (atarigen->m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x20;
 			break;

src/mame/audio/cchasm.c

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(cchasm_state::cchasm_set_coin_flag )
 
 READ8_MEMBER(cchasm_state::cchasm_coin_sound_r)
 {
-	UINT8 coin = (input_port_read(machine(), "IN3") >> 4) & 0x7;
+	UINT8 coin = (ioport("IN3")->read() >> 4) & 0x7;
 	return m_sound_flags | (m_coin_flag << 3) | coin;
 }
 
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ READ16_MEMBER(cchasm_state::cchasm_io_r)
 		m_sound_flags &= ~0x40;
 		return soundlatch4_byte_r(space,offset) << 8;
 	case 0x2:
-		return (m_sound_flags| (input_port_read(machine(), "IN3") & 0x07) | 0x08) << 8;
+		return (m_sound_flags| (ioport("IN3")->read() & 0x07) | 0x08) << 8;
 	case 0x5:
-		return input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") << 8;
+		return ioport("IN2")->read() << 8;
 	case 0x8:
-		return input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") << 8;
+		return ioport("IN1")->read() << 8;
 	default:
 		return 0xff << 8;
 	}

src/mame/audio/cyberbal.c

@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ void cyberbal_sound_reset(running_machine &machine)
 
 READ8_MEMBER(cyberbal_state::cyberbal_special_port3_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "JSAII");
+	int temp = ioport("JSAII")->read();
-	if (!(input_port_read(machine(), "IN0") & 0x8000)) temp ^= 0x80;
+	if (!(ioport("IN0")->read() & 0x8000)) temp ^= 0x80;
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) temp ^= 0x40;
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) temp ^= 0x20;
 	return temp;

src/mame/audio/harddriv.c

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(harddriv_state::hdsnd68k_status_r)
 //            D13 = Test Switch
 //            D12 = 5220 Ready Flag (0=Ready)
 	logerror("%06X:hdsnd68k_status_r(%04X)\n", cpu_get_previouspc(&space.device()), offset);
-	return (m_mainflag << 15) | (m_soundflag << 14) | 0x2000 | 0;//((input_port_read(machine(), "IN0") & 0x0020) << 8) | 0;
+	return (m_mainflag << 15) | (m_soundflag << 14) | 0x2000 | 0;//((ioport("IN0")->read() & 0x0020) << 8) | 0;
 }
 
 

src/mame/audio/mario.c

@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ static SOUND_START( mario )
 	mario_state	*state = machine.driver_data<mario_state>();
 	device_t *audiocpu = machine.device("audiocpu");
 #if USE_8039
-	UINT8 *SND = machine.root_device().memregion("audiocpu")->base();
+	UINT8 *SND = state->memregion("audiocpu")->base();
 
 	SND[0x1001] = 0x01;
 #endif
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static SOUND_START( mario )
 	{
 		state->m_eabank = "bank1";
 		audiocpu->memory().space(AS_PROGRAM)->install_read_bank(0x000, 0x7ff, "bank1");
-		state->membank("bank1")->configure_entry(0, machine.root_device().memregion("audiocpu")->base());
+		state->membank("bank1")->configure_entry(0, state->memregion("audiocpu")->base());
 	    state->membank("bank1")->configure_entry(1, state->memregion("audiocpu")->base() + 0x1000);
 	}
 

src/mame/audio/micro3d.c

@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(micro3d_state::micro3d_sound_io_r)
 
 	switch (offset)
 	{
-		case 0x01:	return (m_sound_port_latch[offset] & 0x7f) | input_port_read(machine(), "SOUND_SW");
+		case 0x01:	return (m_sound_port_latch[offset] & 0x7f) | ioport("SOUND_SW")->read();
 		case 0x03:	return (m_sound_port_latch[offset] & 0xf7) | (upd7759_busy_r(machine().device("upd7759")) ? 0x08 : 0);
 		default:	return 0;
 	}

src/mame/audio/midway.c

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(midway_ssio_device::ioport_read)
 {
 	static const char *const port[] = { "IP0", "IP1", "IP2", "IP3", "IP4" };
 	astring tempstr;
-	UINT8 result = input_port_read_safe(machine(), subtag(tempstr, port[offset]), 0xff);
+	UINT8 result = ioport(port[offset])->read_safe(0xff);
 	if (!m_custom_input[offset].isnull())
 		result = (result & ~m_custom_input_mask[offset]) |
 		         (m_custom_input[offset](space, offset, 0xff) & m_custom_input_mask[offset]);

src/mame/audio/mw8080bw.c

@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ MACHINE_CONFIG_END
 void maze_write_discrete(device_t *device, UINT8 maze_tone_timing_state)
 {
 	/* controls need to be active low */
-	int controls = ~input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0") & 0xff;
+	int controls = ~device->machine().root_device().ioport("IN0")->read() & 0xff;
 
 	discrete_sound_w(device, MAZE_TONE_TIMING, maze_tone_timing_state);
 	discrete_sound_w(device, MAZE_P1_DATA, controls & 0x0f);
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ void maze_write_discrete(device_t *device, UINT8 maze_tone_timing_state)
 	/* A better option might be to update it at vblank or set a timer to do it. */
 	/* The only noticeable difference doing it here, is that the controls don't */
 	/* immediately start making tones if pressed right after the coin is inserted. */
-	discrete_sound_w(device, MAZE_COIN, (~input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN1") >> 3) & 0x01);
+	discrete_sound_w(device, MAZE_COIN, (~device->machine().root_device().ioport("IN1")->read() >> 3) & 0x01);
 }
 
 

src/mame/audio/suna8.c

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ SAMPLES_START( suna8_sh_start )
 {
 	suna8_state *state = device.machine().driver_data<suna8_state>();
 	running_machine &machine = device.machine();
-	int i, len = machine.root_device().memregion("samples")->bytes();
+	int i, len = state->memregion("samples")->bytes();
 	UINT8 *ROM = state->memregion("samples")->base();
 
 	state->m_samplebuf = auto_alloc_array(machine, INT16, len);

src/mame/drivers/2mindril.c

@@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ READ16_MEMBER(_2mindril_state::drill_io_r)
 
 	switch(offset)
 	{
-		case 0x0/2: return input_port_read(machine(), "DSW");
+		case 0x0/2: return ioport("DSW")->read();
 		case 0x2/2:
 		{
-			int arm_pwr = input_port_read(machine(), "IN0");//throw
+			int arm_pwr = ioport("IN0")->read();//throw
 			//popmessage("PC=%08x %02x",cpu_get_pc(&space.device()),arm_pwr);
 
 			if(arm_pwr > 0xe0) return ~0x1800;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(_2mindril_state::drill_io_r)
 			else return ~0x0000;
 		}
 		case 0x4/2: return (m_defender_sensor) | (m_shutter_sensor);
-		case 0xe/2: return input_port_read(machine(), "IN2");//coins
+		case 0xe/2: return ioport("IN2")->read();//coins
 //      default:  printf("PC=%08x [%04x] -> %04x R\n", cpu_get_pc(&space.device()), offset * 2, m_iodata[offset]);
 	}
 

src/mame/drivers/30test.c

@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ READ8_MEMBER(namco_30test_state::namco_30test_mux_r)
 
 	switch(m_mux_data)
 	{
-		case 0x01: res = input_port_read(machine(), "IN0"); break;
+		case 0x01: res = ioport("IN0")->read(); break;
-		case 0x02: res = input_port_read(machine(), "IN1"); break;
+		case 0x02: res = ioport("IN1")->read(); break;
-		case 0x04: res = input_port_read(machine(), "IN2"); break;
+		case 0x04: res = ioport("IN2")->read(); break;
-		case 0x08: res = input_port_read(machine(), "IN3"); break;
+		case 0x08: res = ioport("IN3")->read(); break;
 	}
 
 	return res;

src/mame/drivers/39in1.c

@@ -1377,7 +1377,7 @@ READ32_MEMBER(_39in1_state::cpld_r)
 	}
 	else if (cpu_get_pc(&space.device()) == 0xe3af4)
 	{
-		return input_port_read(machine(), "MCUIPT");
+		return ioport("MCUIPT")->read();
 	}
 	else
 	{

src/mame/drivers/3do.c

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ static MACHINE_RESET( 3do )
 
 	state->m_maincpu = downcast<legacy_cpu_device*>( machine.device("maincpu") );
 
-	state->membank("bank2")->set_base(machine.root_device().memregion("user1")->base());
+	state->membank("bank2")->set_base(state->memregion("user1")->base());
 
 	/* configure overlay */
 	state->membank("bank1")->configure_entry(0, state->m_dram);

src/mame/drivers/40love.c

@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ static DRIVER_INIT( undoukai )
 static DRIVER_INIT( 40love )
 {
 	fortyl_state *state = machine.driver_data<fortyl_state>();
-	UINT8 *ROM = machine.root_device().memregion("maincpu")->base();
+	UINT8 *ROM = state->memregion("maincpu")->base();
 	state->membank("bank1")->configure_entries(0, 2, &ROM[0x10000], 0x2000);
 
 	#if 0

src/mame/drivers/5clown.c

@@ -591,10 +591,10 @@ static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( mux_port_r )
 	_5clown_state *state = device->machine().driver_data<_5clown_state>();
 	switch( state->m_mux_data & 0xf0 )		/* bits 4-7 */
 	{
-		case 0x10: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0-0");
+		case 0x10: return state->ioport("IN0-0")->read();
-		case 0x20: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0-1");
+		case 0x20: return state->ioport("IN0-1")->read();
-		case 0x40: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0-2");
+		case 0x40: return state->ioport("IN0-2")->read();
-		case 0x80: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0-3");
+		case 0x80: return state->ioport("IN0-3")->read();
 	}
 
 	return 0xff;

src/mame/drivers/8080bw.c

@@ -1892,7 +1892,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( shuttlei )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x00, DEF_STR( Unknown ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x01, DEF_STR( Off ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( On ) )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_BUTTON1 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_COIN1 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_START1 )
@@ -1932,7 +1932,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( skylove )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x01, DEF_STR( Unknown ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x01, DEF_STR( Off ) ) // must be off to boot
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( On ) )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON1 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_COIN1 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_START1 )

src/mame/drivers/ace.c

@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( ace )
 	//c012
 
 	PORT_START("c014")	/* VBLANK??? */
-	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("c015")	/* coin input */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_COIN1 )

src/mame/drivers/acefruit.c

@@ -179,9 +179,9 @@ CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(acefruit_state::sidewndr_payout_r)
 	switch (bit_mask)
 	{
 		case 0x01:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "PAYOUT") & bit_mask) >> 0);
+			return ((ioport("PAYOUT")->read() & bit_mask) >> 0);
 		case 0x02:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "PAYOUT") & bit_mask) >> 1);
+			return ((ioport("PAYOUT")->read() & bit_mask) >> 1);
 		default:
 			logerror("sidewndr_payout_r : invalid %02X bit_mask\n",bit_mask);
 			return 0;
@@ -195,13 +195,13 @@ CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(acefruit_state::starspnr_coinage_r)
 	switch (bit_mask)
 	{
 		case 0x01:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "COINAGE") & bit_mask) >> 0);
+			return ((ioport("COINAGE")->read() & bit_mask) >> 0);
 		case 0x02:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "COINAGE") & bit_mask) >> 1);
+			return ((ioport("COINAGE")->read() & bit_mask) >> 1);
 		case 0x04:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "COINAGE") & bit_mask) >> 2);
+			return ((ioport("COINAGE")->read() & bit_mask) >> 2);
 		case 0x08:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "COINAGE") & bit_mask) >> 3);
+			return ((ioport("COINAGE")->read() & bit_mask) >> 3);
 		default:
 			logerror("starspnr_coinage_r : invalid %02X bit_mask\n",bit_mask);
 			return 0;
@@ -215,11 +215,11 @@ CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(acefruit_state::starspnr_payout_r)
 	switch (bit_mask)
 	{
 		case 0x01:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "PAYOUT") & bit_mask) >> 0);
+			return ((ioport("PAYOUT")->read() & bit_mask) >> 0);
 		case 0x02:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "PAYOUT") & bit_mask) >> 1);
+			return ((ioport("PAYOUT")->read() & bit_mask) >> 1);
 		case 0x04:
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "PAYOUT") & bit_mask) >> 2);
+			return ((ioport("PAYOUT")->read() & bit_mask) >> 2);
 		default:
 			logerror("starspnr_payout_r : invalid %02X bit_mask\n",bit_mask);
 			return 0;
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( sidewndr )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON4 ) PORT_NAME( "Stop Nudge/Nudge Up or Down" )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_NAME( "Gamble" )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_COIN1 )              /* "Cash in" */
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK ) /* active low or high?? */
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen") /* active low or high?? */
 	PORT_BIT( 0xd8, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")	// 1
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( starspnr )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_COIN1 )
 	/* tested at 0xef77 after IN5 bit 1 and before IN2 bit 2 - after coins are tested - table at 0xefa5 (3 bytes) */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK ) /* active low or high?? */
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen") /* active low or high?? */
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")	// 1
 	/* tested at 0xe77c - call from 0x012c */

src/mame/drivers/acommand.c

@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(acommand_state::ac_devices_r)
                 ---- ---- ---- --x- (Activate Test)
                 ---- ---- ---- ---x (Advance through Tests)
             */
-			return input_port_read(machine(), "IN0");
+			return ioport("IN0")->read();
 		case 0x0014/2:
 		case 0x0016/2:
 			return machine().device<okim6295_device>("oki1")->read(space,0);
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(acommand_state::ac_devices_r)
                 xxxx xxxx ---- ---- DIPSW4
                 ---- ---- xxxx xxxx DIPSW3
             */
-			return input_port_read(machine(), "IN1");
+			return ioport("IN1")->read();
 	}
 	return m_ac_devram[offset];
 }

src/mame/drivers/actfancr.c

@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ READ8_MEMBER(actfancr_state::triothep_control_r)
 {
 	switch (m_trio_control_select)
 	{
-		case 0: return input_port_read(machine(), "P1");
+		case 0: return ioport("P1")->read();
-		case 1: return input_port_read(machine(), "P2");
+		case 1: return ioport("P2")->read();
-		case 2: return input_port_read(machine(), "DSW1");
+		case 2: return ioport("DSW1")->read();
-		case 3: return input_port_read(machine(), "DSW2");
+		case 3: return ioport("DSW2")->read();
-		case 4: return input_port_read(machine(), "SYSTEM");	/* VBL */
+		case 4: return ioport("SYSTEM")->read();	/* VBL */
 	}
 
 	return 0xff;
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( actfancr )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("DSW1")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x03, 0x03, DEF_STR( Coin_A ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:1,2")

src/mame/drivers/adp.c

@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER( adp_state::microtouch_tx )
 
 static UINT8 duart_input( device_t *device )
 {
-	return input_port_read(device->machine(), "DSW1");
+	return device->machine().root_device().ioport("DSW1")->read();
 }
 
 static const microtouch_interface adb_microtouch_config =
@@ -386,22 +386,22 @@ READ16_MEMBER(adp_state::test_r)
 
 	switch (m_mux_data)
 	{
-		case 0x00: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x0"); break;
+		case 0x00: value = ioport("x0")->read(); break;
-		case 0x01: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x1"); break;
+		case 0x01: value = ioport("x1")->read(); break;
-		case 0x02: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x2"); break;
+		case 0x02: value = ioport("x2")->read(); break;
-		case 0x03: value = input_port_read(machine(), "1P_UP"); break;
+		case 0x03: value = ioport("1P_UP")->read(); break;
-		case 0x04: value = input_port_read(machine(), "1P_B1"); break;
+		case 0x04: value = ioport("1P_B1")->read(); break;
-		case 0x05: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x5"); break;
+		case 0x05: value = ioport("x5")->read(); break;
-		case 0x06: value = input_port_read(machine(), "1P_RIGHT"); break;
+		case 0x06: value = ioport("1P_RIGHT")->read(); break;
-		case 0x07: value = input_port_read(machine(), "1P_DOWN"); break;
+		case 0x07: value = ioport("1P_DOWN")->read(); break;
-		case 0x08: value = input_port_read(machine(), "1P_LEFT"); break;
+		case 0x08: value = ioport("1P_LEFT")->read(); break;
-		case 0x09: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x9"); break;
+		case 0x09: value = ioport("x9")->read(); break;
-		case 0x0a: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x10"); break;
+		case 0x0a: value = ioport("x10")->read(); break;
-		case 0x0b: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x11"); break;
+		case 0x0b: value = ioport("x11")->read(); break;
-		case 0x0c: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x12"); break;
+		case 0x0c: value = ioport("x12")->read(); break;
-		case 0x0d: value = input_port_read(machine(), "x13"); break;
+		case 0x0d: value = ioport("x13")->read(); break;
-		case 0x0e: value = input_port_read(machine(), "1P_START"); break;
+		case 0x0e: value = ioport("1P_START")->read(); break;
-		case 0x0f: value = input_port_read(machine(), "1P_COIN"); break;
+		case 0x0f: value = ioport("1P_COIN")->read(); break;
 	}
 
 	m_mux_data++;

src/mame/drivers/aeroboto.c

@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ static MACHINE_START( formatz )
 {
 	aeroboto_state *state = machine.driver_data<aeroboto_state>();
 
-	state->m_stars_rom = machine.root_device().memregion("gfx2")->base();
+	state->m_stars_rom = state->memregion("gfx2")->base();
 	state->m_stars_length = state->memregion("gfx2")->bytes();
 
 	state->save_item(NAME(state->m_disable_irq));

src/mame/drivers/airbustr.c

@@ -439,23 +439,23 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( airbustr )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Mode 1" )			//     routine at 0x056d: 11 21 12 16 (bit 3 active)
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Mode 2" )			//     11 21 13 14 (bit 3 not active)
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x30, 0x30, DEF_STR( Coin_A ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:5,6")
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_6C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_6C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 1C_3C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 1C_3C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_4C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_4C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0xc0, 0xc0, DEF_STR( Coin_B ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:7,8")
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_6C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_6C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, NOTEQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_3C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_3C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_4C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_4C ) )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
 
 	PORT_START("DSW2")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x03, 0x03, DEF_STR( Difficulty ) )	PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW2:1,2")
@@ -571,8 +571,8 @@ static INTERRUPT_GEN( slave_interrupt )
 static MACHINE_START( airbustr )
 {
 	airbustr_state *state = machine.driver_data<airbustr_state>();
-	UINT8 *MASTER = machine.root_device().memregion("master")->base();
+	UINT8 *MASTER = state->memregion("master")->base();
-	UINT8 *SLAVE = machine.root_device().memregion("slave")->base();
+	UINT8 *SLAVE = state->memregion("slave")->base();
 	UINT8 *AUDIO = state->memregion("audiocpu")->base();
 
 	state->membank("bank1")->configure_entries(0, 3, &MASTER[0x00000], 0x4000);

src/mame/drivers/albazg.c

@@ -154,13 +154,13 @@ static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( mux_r )
 	albazg_state *state = device->machine().driver_data<albazg_state>();
 	switch(state->m_mux_data)
 	{
-		case 0x00: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0");
+		case 0x00: return state->ioport("IN0")->read();
-		case 0x01: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN1");
+		case 0x01: return state->ioport("IN1")->read();
-		case 0x02: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN2");
+		case 0x02: return state->ioport("IN2")->read();
-		case 0x04: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN3");
+		case 0x04: return state->ioport("IN3")->read();
-		case 0x08: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN4");
+		case 0x08: return state->ioport("IN4")->read();
-		case 0x10: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN5");
+		case 0x10: return state->ioport("IN5")->read();
-		case 0x20: return input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN6");
+		case 0x20: return state->ioport("IN6")->read();
 	}
 
 	return 0xff;
@@ -276,32 +276,32 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( yumefuda )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_A ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_A ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_B ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_B ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_C ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_C ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_D ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_D ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("P1 BET Button") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("P1 BET Button") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START1 ) PORT_NAME("P1 Start") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START1 ) PORT_NAME("P1 Start") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
 
 	PORT_START("IN2")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_E ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_E ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_NO ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_NO ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_YES ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_YES ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_F ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_F ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_C ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_C ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_B ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_B ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_A ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_A ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_D ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_D ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
 
 	PORT_START("IN3")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x9f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START1 ) PORT_NAME("P1 Start") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START1 ) PORT_NAME("P1 Start") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("P1 BET Button") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("P1 BET Button") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_F ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_F ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_E ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_E ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
 
 	/* Some bits of these three are actually used if you use the Royal Panel type */
 	PORT_START("IN4")
@@ -309,10 +309,10 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( yumefuda )
 
 	PORT_START("IN5")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x9f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x08)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x08)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_NO ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_NO ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_YES ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS, 0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_HANAFUDA_YES ) PORT_CONDITION("DSW2", 0x08, EQUALS, 0x00)
 
 	PORT_START("IN6")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )

src/mame/drivers/aleck64.c

@@ -199,12 +199,12 @@ static READ32_HANDLER( aleck_dips_r )
 	switch( offset )
 	{
 		case 0:
-			return (input_port_read(space->machine(), "IN0"));	/* mtetrisc has regular inputs here */
+			return (space->machine().root_device().ioport("IN0")->read());	/* mtetrisc has regular inputs here */
 		case 1:
-			return (input_port_read(space->machine(), "IN1"));
+			return (space->machine().root_device().ioport("IN1")->read());
 		case 2:
 		{
-			UINT32 val = input_port_read(space->machine(), "INMJ");
+			UINT32 val = space->machine().root_device().ioport("INMJ")->read();
 
 			switch( dip_read_offset >> 8 & 0xff )
 			{

src/mame/drivers/alg.c

@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ static int get_lightgun_pos(screen_device &screen, int player, int *x, int *y)
 {
 	const rectangle &visarea = screen.visible_area();
 
-	int xpos = input_port_read_safe(screen.machine(), (player == 0) ? "GUN1X" : "GUN2X", 0xffffffff);
+	int xpos = screen.machine().root_device().ioport((player == 0) ? "GUN1X" : "GUN2X")->read_safe(0xffffffff);
-	int ypos = input_port_read_safe(screen.machine(), (player == 0) ? "GUN1Y" : "GUN2Y", 0xffffffff);
+	int ypos = screen.machine().root_device().ioport((player == 0) ? "GUN1Y" : "GUN2Y")->read_safe(0xffffffff);
 
 	if (xpos == -1 || ypos == -1)
 		return FALSE;
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(alg_state::lightgun_trigger_r)
 {
 
 	/* read the trigger control based on the input select */
-	return (input_port_read(machine(), "TRIGGERS") >> m_input_select) & 1;
+	return (ioport("TRIGGERS")->read() >> m_input_select) & 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(alg_state::lightgun_holster_r)
 {
 
 	/* read the holster control based on the input select */
-	return (input_port_read(machine(), "TRIGGERS") >> (2 + m_input_select)) & 1;
+	return (ioport("TRIGGERS")->read() >> (2 + m_input_select)) & 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ static WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER( alg_cia_0_porta_w )
 
 static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( alg_cia_0_porta_r )
 {
-	return input_port_read(device->machine(), "FIRE") | 0x3f;
+	return device->machine().root_device().ioport("FIRE")->read() | 0x3f;
 }
 
 

src/mame/drivers/alpha68k.c

@@ -233,40 +233,40 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_microcontroller_w)
 
 READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::kyros_dip_r)
 {
-	return input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") << 8;
+	return ioport("IN1")->read() << 8;
 }
 
 READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::control_1_r)
 {
 
 	if (m_invert_controls)
-		return ~(input_port_read(machine(), "IN0") + (input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") << 8));
+		return ~(ioport("IN0")->read() + (ioport("IN1")->read() << 8));
 
-	return (input_port_read(machine(), "IN0") + (input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") << 8));
+	return (ioport("IN1")->read() << 8);
 }
 
 READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::control_2_r)
 {
 
 	if (m_invert_controls)
-		return ~(input_port_read(machine(), "IN3") + ((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN5"))) << 8));
+		return ~(ioport("IN3")->read() + ((~(1 << ioport("IN5")->read())) << 8));
 
-	return input_port_read(machine(), "IN3") + /* Low byte of CN1 */
+	return ioport("IN3")->read() + /* Low byte of CN1 */
-		((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN5"))) << 8);
+		((~(1 << ioport("IN5")->read())) << 8);
 }
 
 READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::control_2_V_r)
 {
-	return input_port_read(machine(), "IN3");
+	return ioport("IN3")->read();
 }
 
 READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::control_3_r)
 {
 
 	if (m_invert_controls)
-		return ~(((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN6"))) << 8) & 0xff00);
+		return ~(((~(1 << ioport("IN6")->read())) << 8) & 0xff00);
 
-	return ((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN6"))) << 8) & 0xff00;
+	return ((~(1 << ioport("IN6")->read())) << 8) & 0xff00;
 }
 
 /* High 4 bits of CN1 & CN2 */
@@ -274,20 +274,20 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::control_4_r)
 {
 
 	if (m_invert_controls)
-		return ~((((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN6"))) << 4) & 0xf000)
+		return ~((((~(1 << ioport("IN6")->read())) << 4) & 0xf000)
-		 + (((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN5")))) & 0x0f00));
+		 + (((~(1 << ioport("IN5")->read()))) & 0x0f00));
 
-	return (((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN6"))) << 4) & 0xf000)
+	return (((~(1 << ioport("IN6")->read())) << 4) & 0xf000)
-		 + (((~(1 << input_port_read(machine(), "IN5")))) & 0x0f00);
+		 + (((~(1 << ioport("IN5")->read()))) & 0x0f00);
 }
 
 READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::jongbou_inputs_r)
 {
-	UINT8 inp1 = input_port_read(machine(), "IN3");
+	UINT8 inp1 = ioport("IN3")->read();
-	UINT8 inp2 = input_port_read(machine(), "IN4");
+	UINT8 inp2 = ioport("IN4")->read();
 	inp1 = ((inp1 & 0x01) << 3) + ((inp1 & 0x02) << 1) + ((inp1 & 0x04) >> 1) + ((inp1 & 0x08) >> 3);
 	inp2 = ((inp2 & 0x01) << 3) + ((inp2 & 0x02) << 1) + ((inp2 & 0x04) >> 1) + ((inp2 & 0x08) >> 3);
-	return input_port_read(machine(), "IN0") | inp1 | inp2 << 4;
+	return ioport("IN0")->read() | inp1 | inp2 << 4;
 }
 
 
@@ -353,15 +353,15 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::kyros_alpha_trigger_r)
 		return 0;
 	case 0x29: /* Query microcontroller for coin insert */
 		m_trigstate++;
-		if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x3) == 3)
+		if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x3) == 3)
 			m_latch = 0;
-		if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
+		if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
 		{
 			m_shared_ram[0x29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id & 0xff);	// coinA
 			m_shared_ram[0x22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
 			m_latch = 1;
 
-			m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") >> 1) & 7;
+			m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN1")->read() >> 1) & 7;
 			m_deposits1++;
 			if (m_deposits1 == coinage1[m_coinvalue][0])
 			{
@@ -371,13 +371,13 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::kyros_alpha_trigger_r)
 			else
 				m_credits = 0;
 		}
-		else if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
+		else if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
 		{
 			m_shared_ram[0x29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id >> 8);	// coinB
 			m_shared_ram[0x22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
 			m_latch = 1;
 
-			m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") >>1 ) & 7;
+			m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN1")->read() >>1 ) & 7;
 			m_deposits2++;
 			if (m_deposits2 == coinage2[m_coinvalue][0])
 			{
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_II_trigger_r)
 	switch (offset)
 	{
 		case 0: /* Dipswitch 2 */
-			m_shared_ram[0] = (source & 0xff00) | input_port_read(machine(), "IN4");
+			m_shared_ram[0] = (source & 0xff00) | ioport("IN4")->read();
 			return 0;
 
 		case 0x22: /* Coin value */
@@ -438,9 +438,9 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_II_trigger_r)
 			return 0;
 
 		case 0x29: /* Query microcontroller for coin insert */
-			if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x3) == 3)
+			if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x3) == 3)
 				m_latch = 0;
-			if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
+			if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
 			{
 				m_shared_ram[0x29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id & 0xff);	// coinA
 				m_shared_ram[0x22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
@@ -449,9 +449,9 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_II_trigger_r)
 				if ((m_coin_id & 0xff) == 0x22)
 				{
 					if (m_game_id == ALPHA68K_BTLFIELDB)
-						m_coinvalue = (input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 0) & 7;
+						m_coinvalue = (ioport("IN4")->read() >> 0) & 7;
 					else
-						m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 0) & 7;
+						m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN4")->read() >> 0) & 7;
 
 					m_deposits1++;
 					if (m_deposits1 == coinage1[m_coinvalue][0])
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_II_trigger_r)
 						m_credits = 0;
 				}
 			}
-			else if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
+			else if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
 			{
 				m_shared_ram[0x29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id >> 8);	// coinB
 				m_shared_ram[0x22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
@@ -472,9 +472,9 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_II_trigger_r)
 				if ((m_coin_id >> 8) == 0x22)
 				{
 					if (m_game_id == ALPHA68K_BTLFIELDB)
-						m_coinvalue = (input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 0) & 7;
+						m_coinvalue = (ioport("IN4")->read() >> 0) & 7;
 					else
-						m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 0) & 7;
+						m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN4")->read() >> 0) & 7;
 
 					m_deposits2++;
 					if (m_deposits2 == coinage2[m_coinvalue][0])
@@ -524,15 +524,15 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 	switch (offset)
 	{
 		case 0: /* Dipswitch 1 */
-			m_shared_ram[0] = (source & 0xff00) | input_port_read(machine(), "IN4");
+			m_shared_ram[0] = (source & 0xff00) | ioport("IN4")->read();
 			return 0;
 		case 0x22: /* Coin value */
 			m_shared_ram[0x22] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_credits & 0x00ff);
 			return 0;
 		case 0x29: /* Query microcontroller for coin insert */
-			if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x3) == 3)
+			if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x3) == 3)
 				m_latch = 0;
-			if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
+			if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
 			{
 				m_shared_ram[0x29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id & 0xff);	// coinA
 				m_shared_ram[0x22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 
 				if ((m_coin_id & 0xff) == 0x22)
 				{
-					m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 1) & 7;
+					m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN4")->read() >> 1) & 7;
 					m_deposits1++;
 					if (m_deposits1 == coinage1[m_coinvalue][0])
 					{
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 						m_credits = 0;
 				}
 			}
-			else if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
+			else if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
 			{
 				m_shared_ram[0x29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id>>8);	// coinB
 				m_shared_ram[0x22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 
 				if ((m_coin_id >> 8) == 0x22)
 				{
-					m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 1) & 7;
+					m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN4")->read() >> 1) & 7;
 					m_deposits2++;
 					if (m_deposits2 == coinage2[m_coinvalue][0])
 					{
@@ -585,12 +585,12 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 			break;
 
 		case 0x1f00: /* Dipswitch 1 */
-			m_shared_ram[0x1f00] = (source & 0xff00) | input_port_read(machine(), "IN4");
+			m_shared_ram[0x1f00] = (source & 0xff00) | ioport("IN4")->read();
 			return 0;
 		case 0x1f29: /* Query microcontroller for coin insert */
-			if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x3) == 3)
+			if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x3) == 3)
 				m_latch = 0;
-			if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
+			if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x1) == 0 && !m_latch)
 			{
 				m_shared_ram[0x1f29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id & 0xff);	// coinA
 				m_shared_ram[0x1f22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 
 				if ((m_coin_id & 0xff) == 0x22)
 				{
-					m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 1) & 7;
+					m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN4")->read() >> 1) & 7;
 					m_deposits1++;
 					if (m_deposits1 == coinage1[m_coinvalue][0])
 					{
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 						m_credits = 0;
 				}
 			}
-			else if ((input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
+			else if ((ioport("IN2")->read() & 0x2) == 0 && !m_latch)
 			{
 				m_shared_ram[0x1f29] = (source & 0xff00) | (m_coin_id >> 8);	// coinB
 				m_shared_ram[0x1f22] = (source & 0xff00) | 0x0;
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
 
 				if ((m_coin_id >> 8) == 0x22)
 				{
-					m_coinvalue = (~input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") >> 1) & 7;
+					m_coinvalue = (~ioport("IN4")->read() >> 1) & 7;
 					m_deposits2++;
 					if (m_deposits2 == coinage2[m_coinvalue][0])
 					{
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(alpha68k_state::alpha_V_trigger_r)
                the microcontroller supplies it (it does for all the other games,
                but usually to 0x0 in RAM) when 0x21 is read (code at 0x009332) */
 			source = m_shared_ram[0x0163];
-			m_shared_ram[0x0163] = (source & 0x00ff) | (input_port_read(machine(), "IN4") << 8);
+			m_shared_ram[0x0163] = (source & 0x00ff) | (ioport("IN4")->read() << 8);
 
 			return 0;
 		case 0x1ffe:  /* Custom ID check */
@@ -1568,10 +1568,10 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( tnextspc )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x03, DEF_STR( Normal ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x01, DEF_STR( Hard ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( Hardest ) )
-	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x04, 0x04, DEF_STR( Demo_Sounds ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW2:3") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x08)
+	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x04, 0x04, DEF_STR( Demo_Sounds ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW2:3") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2",0x08,EQUALS,0x08)
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( Off ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x04, DEF_STR( On ) )
-	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x04, 0x04, "Game Mode" )				PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW2:3") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x04, 0x04, "Game Mode" )				PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW2:3") PORT_CONDITION("DSW2",0x08,EQUALS,0x00)
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Freeze" )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x04, "Infinite Lives (Cheat)")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x08, 0x08, "SW2:3 Demo Sound/Game Mode" )	PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW2:4")

src/mame/drivers/ampoker2.c

@@ -703,10 +703,10 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( ampoker2 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("Hopper Out") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_G)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("Supervisor Key") PORT_TOGGLE PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0)
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x08, 0x08, "Remote Credits" ) PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:1") /* DSW1 */
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x08)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, EQUALS,0x08)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Cred x  50" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x08)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Cred x  50" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, EQUALS,0x08)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x  20" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00) /* x100 in ampkr95 */
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x  20" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, EQUALS,0x00) /* x100 in ampkr95 */
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Remote Off" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Remote Off" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1", 0x08, EQUALS,0x00)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_GAMBLE_LOW ) PORT_NAME("Black Card")
 
 	PORT_START("IN4")
@@ -788,10 +788,10 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( ampkr95 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("Hopper Out") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_G)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("Supervisor Key") PORT_TOGGLE PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0)
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x08, 0x08, "Remote Credits" ) PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:1") /* DSW1 */
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x08)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x08)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Cred x  50" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x08)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Cred x  50" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x08)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00) /* x100 in ampkr95 */
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x00) /* x100 in ampkr95 */
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Remote Off" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Remote Off" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x00)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_GAMBLE_LOW ) PORT_NAME("Black Card")
 
 	PORT_START("IN4")
@@ -873,10 +873,10 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( sigmapkr )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("Hopper Out") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_G)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_OTHER ) PORT_NAME("Supervisor Key") PORT_TOGGLE PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0)
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x08, 0x08, "Remote Credits" ) PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:1") /* DSW1 */
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x08)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x08)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Cred x  50" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x08)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Cred x  50" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x08)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00) /* x100 in ampkr95 */
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, "Cred x 100" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x00) /* x100 in ampkr95 */
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Remote Off" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, "Remote Off" ) PORT_CONDITION("IN1",0x08,EQUALS,0x00)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON3 ) PORT_NAME("Double") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_S)
 
 	PORT_START("IN4")

src/mame/drivers/amspdwy.c

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ static UINT8 amspdwy_wheel_r( running_machine &machine, int index )
 {
 	amspdwy_state *state = machine.driver_data<amspdwy_state>();
 	static const char *const portnames[] = { "WHEEL1", "WHEEL2", "AN1", "AN2" };
-	UINT8 wheel = input_port_read(machine, portnames[2 + index]);
+	UINT8 wheel = machine.root_device().ioport(portnames[2 + index])->read();
 	if (wheel != state->m_wheel_old[index])
 	{
 		wheel = (wheel & 0x7fff) - (wheel & 0x8000);
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static UINT8 amspdwy_wheel_r( running_machine &machine, int index )
 
 	state->m_wheel_old[index] = wheel;
 	}
-	return state->m_wheel_return[index] | input_port_read(machine, portnames[index]);
+	return state->m_wheel_return[index] | machine.root_device().ioport(portnames[index])->read();
 }
 
 READ8_MEMBER(amspdwy_state::amspdwy_wheel_0_r)
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(amspdwy_state::amspdwy_wheel_1_r)
 
 static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( amspdwy_sound_r )
 {
-	return (ym2151_status_port_r(device, 0) & ~ 0x30) | input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0");
+	return (ym2151_status_port_r(device, 0) & ~ 0x30) | device->machine().root_device().ioport("IN0")->read();
 }
 
 WRITE8_MEMBER(amspdwy_state::amspdwy_sound_w)

src/mame/drivers/angelkds.c

@@ -160,9 +160,9 @@ READ8_MEMBER(angelkds_state::angelkds_input_r)
 	static const char *const portnames[] = { "I81", "I82" };
 	static const char *const fakenames[] = { "FAKE1", "FAKE2" };
 
-	fake = input_port_read(machine(), fakenames[offset]);
+	fake = ioport(fakenames[offset])->read();
 
-	return ((fake & 0x01) ? fake  : input_port_read(machine(), portnames[offset]));
+	return ((fake & 0x01) ? fake  : ioport(portnames[offset])->read());
 }
 
 #else
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(angelkds_state::angelkds_input_r)
 {
 	static const char *const portnames[] = { "I81", "I82" };
 
-	return input_port_read(machine(), portnames[offset]);
+	return ioport(portnames[offset])->read();
 }
 
 #endif

src/mame/drivers/aquarium.c

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(aquarium_state::aquarium_coins_r)
 {
 
 	int data;
-	data = (input_port_read(machine(), "SYSTEM") & 0x7fff);
+	data = (ioport("SYSTEM")->read() & 0x7fff);
 	data |= m_aquarium_snd_ack;
 	m_aquarium_snd_ack = 0;
 

src/mame/drivers/arabian.c

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(arabian_state::mcu_portk_r)
 		{
 			if (~sel & (1 << i))
 			{
-				val = input_port_read(machine(), comnames[i]);
+				val = ioport(comnames[i])->read();
 				break;
 			}
 		}

src/mame/drivers/arcadecl.c

@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( arcadecl )
 	PORT_BIT(  0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT(  0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT(  0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT(  0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT(  0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("COIN")
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( sparkz )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("COIN")

src/mame/drivers/aristmk4.c

@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ INLINE void uBackgroundColour(running_machine &machine)
     There are 4 possible combinations for colour select via SW7, colours vary based on software installed.
     */
 
-	switch(input_port_read(machine, "SW7"))
+	switch(state->ioport("SW7")->read())
 	{
 	case 0x00:
 		// restore defaults
@@ -380,12 +380,12 @@ static SCREEN_UPDATE_IND16(aristmk4)
 READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::ldsw)
 {
 
-	int U3_p2_ret= input_port_read(machine(), "5002");
+	int U3_p2_ret= ioport("5002")->read();
 	if(U3_p2_ret & 0x1)
 	{
 	return 0;
 	}
-	return m_cgdrsw = input_port_read(machine(), "5005");
+	return m_cgdrsw = ioport("5005")->read();
 }
 
 READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::cgdrr)
@@ -420,8 +420,8 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::u3_p0)
 READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::u3_p2)
 {
 
-	int u3_p2_ret= input_port_read(machine(), "5002");
+	int u3_p2_ret= ioport("5002")->read();
-	int u3_p3_ret= input_port_read(machine(), "5003");
+	int u3_p3_ret= ioport("5003")->read();
 
 	output_set_lamp_value(19, (u3_p2_ret >> 4) & 1); //auditkey light
 	output_set_lamp_value(20, (u3_p3_ret >> 2) & 1); //jackpotkey light
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::u3_p2)
 
 	if (m_inscrd==0)
 	{
-		m_inscrd=input_port_read(machine(), "insertcoin");
+		m_inscrd=ioport("insertcoin")->read();
 	}
 
 	if (m_inscrd==1)
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::u3_p2)
 READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::u3_p3)
 {
 
-    int u3_p3_ret= input_port_read(machine(), "5003");
+    int u3_p3_ret= ioport("5003")->read();
 
     if ((m_printer_motor)==1) // Printer Motor Off
 
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::bv_p0)
 	switch(m_insnote)
 	{
 	case 0x01:
-		bv_p0_ret=input_port_read(machine(), "NS")+0x81; //check note selector
+		bv_p0_ret=ioport("NS")->read()+0x81; //check note selector
 		m_insnote++;
 		break;
 	case 0x02:
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(aristmk4_state::bv_p1)
 	int bv_p1_ret=0x00;
 
 	if (m_insnote==0)
-		m_insnote=input_port_read(machine(), "insertnote");
+		m_insnote=ioport("insertnote")->read();
 
 	if (m_insnote==1)
 			bv_p1_ret=0x08;
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER(via_b_r)
 {
 	aristmk4_state *state = device->machine().driver_data<aristmk4_state>();
 
-	int ret=input_port_read(device->machine(), "via_port_b");
+	int ret=state->ioport("via_port_b")->read();
 
 // Not expecting to read anything from port B on the AY8910's ( controls BC1, BC2 and BDIR )
 // However there are extra 4 bits not going to the AY8910's on the schematics, which get read from here.
@@ -1561,12 +1561,12 @@ static const mc6845_interface mc6845_intf =
 
 static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER(pa1_r)
 {
-	return (input_port_read(device->machine(), "SW3") << 4) + input_port_read(device->machine(), "SW4");
+	return (device->machine().root_device().ioport("SW3")->read() << 4) + device->machine().root_device().ioport("SW4")->read();
 }
 
 static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER(pb1_r)
 {
-	return (input_port_read(device->machine(), "SW5") << 4) + input_port_read(device->machine(), "SW6");
+	return (device->machine().root_device().ioport("SW5")->read() << 4) + device->machine().root_device().ioport("SW6")->read();
 }
 
 static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER(pc1_r)
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ static MACHINE_START( aristmk4 )
 static MACHINE_RESET( aristmk4 )
 {
 	/* mark 4 has a link on the motherboard to switch between 1.5MHz and 3MHz clock speed */
-	switch(input_port_read(machine, "LK13"))  // CPU speed control... 3mhz or 1.5MHz
+	switch(machine.root_device().ioport("LK13")->read())  // CPU speed control... 3mhz or 1.5MHz
 	{
 	case 0x00:
 		machine.device("maincpu")->set_unscaled_clock(MAIN_CLOCK/4);  // 3 MHz
@@ -1659,7 +1659,7 @@ static TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK( aristmk4_pf )
     Note: The use of 1 Hz in the timer is to avoid unintentional triggering the NMI ( ie.. hold down L for at least 1 second )
     */
 
-	if(input_port_read(timer.machine(), "powerfail")) // send NMI signal if L pressed
+	if(timer.machine().root_device().ioport("powerfail")->read()) // send NMI signal if L pressed
 	{
 	cputag_set_input_line( timer.machine(), "maincpu", INPUT_LINE_NMI, ASSERT_LINE );
 	}

src/mame/drivers/aristmk5.c

@@ -392,13 +392,13 @@ static MACHINE_RESET( aristmk5 )
 
 	/* load the roms according to what the operator wants */
 	{
-		UINT8 *ROM = machine.root_device().memregion("maincpu")->base();
+		UINT8 *ROM = state->memregion("maincpu")->base();
 		UINT8 *PRG;// = state->memregion("prg_code")->base();
 		int i;
 		UINT8 op_mode;
 		static const char *const rom_region[] = { "set_chip_4.04", "set_chip_4.4", "clear_chip", "game_prg" };
 
-		op_mode = input_port_read(machine, "ROM_LOAD");
+		op_mode = machine.root_device().ioport("ROM_LOAD")->read();
 
 		PRG = machine.root_device().memregion(rom_region[op_mode & 3])->base();
 

src/mame/drivers/arkanoid.c

@@ -1643,7 +1643,7 @@ static DRIVER_INIT( paddle2 )
 static DRIVER_INIT( tetrsark )
 {
 	arkanoid_state *state = machine.driver_data<arkanoid_state>();
-	UINT8 *ROM = machine.root_device().memregion("maincpu")->base();
+	UINT8 *ROM = state->memregion("maincpu")->base();
 	int x;
 
 	for (x = 0; x < 0x8000; x++)

src/mame/drivers/armedf.c

@@ -556,16 +556,16 @@ READ16_MEMBER(bigfghtr_state::sharedram_r)
 				break;
 
 			case 0x642/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "DSW0") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("DSW0")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 
 			case 0x644/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "DSW1") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("DSW1")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 
 			case 0x646/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "P1") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("P1")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 
 			case 0x648/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "P2") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("P2")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -581,16 +581,16 @@ READ16_MEMBER(bigfghtr_state::sharedram_r)
 				}
 				break;
 			case 0x642/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "DSW0") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("DSW0")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 
 			case 0x644/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "DSW1") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("DSW1")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 
 			case 0x646/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "P1") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("P1")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 
 			case 0x648/2:
-				return (input_port_read(machine(), "P2") & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
+				return (ioport("P2")->read() & 0xffff) ^ 0xffff;
 
 			/*
             protection controls where the program code should jump to.

src/mame/drivers/artmagic.c

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(artmagic_state::ultennis_hack_r)
 		update_irq_state(machine());
 		machine().scheduler().timer_set(attotime::from_usec(1), FUNC(irq_off));
 	}
-	return input_port_read(machine(), "300000");
+	return ioport("300000")->read();
 }
 
 

src/mame/drivers/asterix.c

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(asterix_state::control2_w)
 		/* bit 0 is data */
 		/* bit 1 is cs (active low) */
 		/* bit 2 is clock (active high) */
-		input_port_write(machine(), "EEPROMOUT", data, 0xff);
+		ioport("EEPROMOUT")->write(data, 0xff);
 
 		/* bit 5 is select tile bank */
 		k056832_set_tile_bank(m_k056832, (data & 0x20) >> 5);

src/mame/drivers/asteroid.c

@@ -422,14 +422,14 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( asterock )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x00, DEF_STR( Normal ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x20, "Special" )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0xc0, 0x80, DEF_STR( Coinage ) )					PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:7,8")
-	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0xc0, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )					PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0xc0, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) )					PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x80, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )					PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x80, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )					PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) )					PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) )					PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,EQUALS,0x00)
-//  PORT_DIPSETTING (   0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )                    PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+//  PORT_DIPSETTING (   0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) )                    PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0xc0, "Coin A 2/1 Coin B 2/1 Coin C 1/1" )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0xc0, "Coin A 2/1 Coin B 2/1 Coin C 1/1" )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,NOTEQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x80, "Coin A 1/1 Coin B 1/1 Coin C 1/2" )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x80, "Coin A 1/1 Coin B 1/1 Coin C 1/2" )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,NOTEQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x40, "Coin A 1/2 Coin B 1/2 Coin C 1/4" )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING (	0x40, "Coin A 1/2 Coin B 1/2 Coin C 1/4" )	PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,NOTEQUALS,0x00)
-//  PORT_DIPSETTING (   0x00, "Coin A 1/1 Coin B 1/1 Coin C 1/2" )  PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,PORTCOND_NOTEQUALS,0x00)
+//  PORT_DIPSETTING (   0x00, "Coin A 1/1 Coin B 1/1 Coin C 1/2" )  PORT_CONDITION("DSW1",0x20,NOTEQUALS,0x00)
 INPUT_PORTS_END
 
 

src/mame/drivers/astinvad.c

@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ static WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER( astinvad_sound2_w )
 	if (bits_gone_hi & 0x08) state->m_samples->start(5, SND_FLEET4);
 	if (bits_gone_hi & 0x10) state->m_samples->start(4, SND_UFOHIT);
 
-	state->m_screen_flip = (input_port_read(device->machine(), "CABINET") & data & 0x20) ? 0xff : 0x00;
+	state->m_screen_flip = (state->ioport("CABINET")->read() & data & 0x20) ? 0xff : 0x00;
 }
 
 
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER(astinvad_state::spaceint_sound2_w)
 
 	if (bits_gone_hi & 0x04) m_samples->start(3, SND_INVADERHIT);
 
-	m_screen_flip = (input_port_read(machine(), "CABINET") & data & 0x80) ? 0xff : 0x00;
+	m_screen_flip = (ioport("CABINET")->read() & data & 0x80) ? 0xff : 0x00;
 }
 
 
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( kamikaze )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_JOYSTICK_RIGHT ) PORT_2WAY PORT_COCKTAIL
 
 	PORT_START("IN2")
-	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xfe, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_UNKNOWN )
 
 	PORT_START("CABINET")

src/mame/drivers/astrocde.c

@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER(astrocde_state::seawolf2_sound_2_w)// Port 41
 CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(astrocde_state::ebases_trackball_r)
 {
 	static const char *const names[] = { "TRACKX2", "TRACKY2", "TRACKX1", "TRACKY1" };
-	return input_port_read(machine(), names[m_input_select]);
+	return ioport(names[m_input_select])->read();
 }
 
 
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(astrocde_state::spacezap_io_r)
 {
 	coin_counter_w(machine(), 0, (offset >> 8) & 1);
 	coin_counter_w(machine(), 1, (offset >> 9) & 1);
-	return input_port_read_safe(machine(), "P3HANDLE", 0xff);
+	return ioport("P3HANDLE")->read_safe(0xff);
 }
 
 
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(astrocde_state::demndrgn_io_r)
 CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(astrocde_state::demndragn_joystick_r)
 {
 	static const char *const names[] = { "MOVEX", "MOVEY" };
-	return input_port_read(machine(), names[m_input_select]);
+	return ioport(names[m_input_select])->read();
 }
 
 

src/mame/drivers/astrocorp.c

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(astrocorp_state::astrocorp_eeprom_w)
 {
 	if (ACCESSING_BITS_0_7)
 	{
-		input_port_write(machine(), "EEPROMOUT", data, 0xff);
+		ioport("EEPROMOUT")->write(data, 0xff);
 	}
 }
 

src/mame/drivers/astrof.c

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(astrof_state::service_coin_inserted)
 
 CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(astrof_state::astrof_p1_controls_r)
 {
-	return input_port_read(machine(), "P1");
+	return ioport("P1")->read();
 }
 
 
@@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(astrof_state::astrof_p2_controls_r)
 	/* on an upright cabinet, a single set of controls
        is connected to both sets of pins on the edge
        connector */
-	if (input_port_read(machine(), "CAB"))
+	if (ioport("CAB")->read())
-		ret = input_port_read(machine(), "P2");
+		ret = ioport("P2")->read();
 	else
-		ret = input_port_read(machine(), "P1");
+		ret = ioport("P1")->read();
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -149,9 +149,9 @@ CUSTOM_INPUT_MEMBER(astrof_state::tomahawk_controls_r)
          (not verified on pcb) */
 
 	if (m_flipscreen)
-		ret = input_port_read(machine(), "P2");
+		ret = ioport("P2")->read();
 	else
-		ret = input_port_read(machine(), "P1");
+		ret = ioport("P1")->read();
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ static void astrof_get_pens( running_machine &machine, pen_t *pens )
 	astrof_state *state = machine.driver_data<astrof_state>();
 	offs_t i;
 	UINT8 bank = (state->m_astrof_palette_bank ? 0x10 : 0x00);
-	UINT8 config = input_port_read_safe(machine, "FAKE", 0x00);
+	UINT8 config = state->ioport("FAKE")->read_safe(0x00);
 	UINT8 *prom = state->memregion("proms")->base();
 
 	/* a common wire hack to the pcb causes the prom halves to be inverted */
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ static void tomahawk_get_pens( running_machine &machine, pen_t *pens )
 {
 	offs_t i;
 	UINT8 *prom = machine.root_device().memregion("proms")->base();
-	UINT8 config = input_port_read_safe(machine, "FAKE", 0x00);
+	UINT8 config = machine.root_device().ioport("FAKE")->read_safe(0x00);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < TOMAHAWK_NUM_PENS; i++)
 	{
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER(astrof_state::tomahawk_videoram_w)
 WRITE8_MEMBER(astrof_state::video_control_1_w)
 {
 
-	m_flipscreen = ((data >> 0) & 0x01) & input_port_read(machine(), "CAB");
+	m_flipscreen = ((data >> 0) & 0x01) & ioport("CAB")->read();
 
 	/* this ties to the CLR pin of the shift registers */
 	m_screen_off = (data & 0x02) ? TRUE : FALSE;
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( astrof )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x40, 0x00, DEF_STR( Difficulty ) )       PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:7")
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( Easy ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( Hard ) )
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("CAB")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x00, DEF_STR( Cabinet ) )          PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:8")
@@ -745,7 +745,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( abattle )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x40, 0x00, DEF_STR( Difficulty ) )       PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:7")
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( Easy ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( Hard ) )
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("CAB")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x00, DEF_STR( Cabinet ) )          PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:8")
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( spfghmk2 )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, "2500" )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, "3000" )
 	PORT_DIPUNUSED_DIPLOC( 0x40, 0x00, "SW:7" )
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("CAB")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x00, DEF_STR( Cabinet ) )          PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:8")
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( spfghmk22 )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x40, 0x00, "Kill Saucer after Invaders" ) PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:7")
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( No ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( Yes ) )              /* if saucer lands, game is over */
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("CAB")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x00, DEF_STR( Cabinet ) )          PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:8")
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( tomahawk )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x40, 0x00, DEF_STR( Difficulty ) )       PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:7")
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( Easy ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( Hard ) )
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("CAB")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x00, DEF_STR( Cabinet ) )          PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW:8")

src/mame/drivers/asuka.c

@@ -655,23 +655,23 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( galmedes )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, DEF_STR( Off ) )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( On ) )
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x30, 0x30, DEF_STR( Coin_A ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SWA:5,6")
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 4C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 4C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 3C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 3C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x10, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x30, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 2C_3C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 2C_3C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x20, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0xc0, 0xc0, DEF_STR( Coin_B ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SWA:7,8")
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 2C_3C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 2C_3C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x80)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x80)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0xc0, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 1C_3C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x80, DEF_STR( 1C_3C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_4C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x40, DEF_STR( 1C_4C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
-	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_6C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x00, DEF_STR( 1C_6C ) ) PORT_CONDITION("DSWB",0x80,EQUALS,0x00)
 
 	/* 0x400002 -> 0x100984 */
 	PORT_MODIFY("DSWB")
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ static MACHINE_START( asuka )
 	state->m_tc0100scn = machine.device("tc0100scn");
 
 	/* configure the banks */
-	state->membank("bank1")->configure_entry(0, machine.root_device().memregion("audiocpu")->base());
+	state->membank("bank1")->configure_entry(0, state->memregion("audiocpu")->base());
 	state->membank("bank1")->configure_entries(1, 3, state->memregion("audiocpu")->base() + 0x10000, 0x04000);
 
 	state->save_item(NAME(state->m_adpcm_pos));

src/mame/drivers/atarifb.c

@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( atarifb )
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x0f, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_UNKNOWN )
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW,  IPT_BUTTON1 )
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW,  IPT_TILT )
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW,  IPT_COIN1 )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( atarifb4 )
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW,  IPT_COIN3 )
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x38, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 INPUT_PORTS_END
 
 
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( soccer )
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) /* unused on schematics */
 	PORT_BIT ( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_TILT )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT ( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("DSW1")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x07, 0x00, "Time per coin" )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:1,2,3")

src/mame/drivers/atarig1.c

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(atarig1_state::mo_command_w)
 
 READ16_MEMBER(atarig1_state::special_port0_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "IN0");
+	int temp = ioport("IN0")->read();
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) temp ^= 0x1000;
 	temp ^= 0x2000;		/* A2DOK always high for now */
 	return temp;
@@ -111,11 +111,11 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarig1_state::a2d_data_r)
 
 	/* Pit Fighter has no A2D, just another input port */
 	if (m_is_pitfight)
-		return input_port_read(machine(), "ADC0");
+		return ioport("ADC0")->read();
 
 	/* otherwise, assume it's hydra */
 	if (m_which_input < 3)
-		return input_port_read(machine(), adcnames[m_which_input]) << 8;
+		return ioport(adcnames[m_which_input])->read() << 8;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( hydra )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x1000, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x2000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x4000, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x8000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x8000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("ADC0")		/* ADC 0 @ fc8000 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x00ff, 0x0080, IPT_AD_STICK_X ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(50) PORT_KEYDELTA(10)
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( pitfight )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x1000, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x2000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x4000, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x8000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x8000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("ADC0")		/* fc8000 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0001, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_DOWN ) PORT_PLAYER(3)
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( pitfightj )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x1000, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x2000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x4000, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x8000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x8000, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("ADC0")      /* fc8000 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x00ff, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )

src/mame/drivers/atarig42.c

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ static MACHINE_RESET( atarig42 )
 
 READ16_MEMBER(atarig42_state::special_port2_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "IN2");
+	int temp = ioport("IN2")->read();
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) temp ^= 0x0020;
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) temp ^= 0x0010;
 	temp ^= 0x0008;		/* A2D.EOC always high for now */
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(atarig42_state::a2d_select_w)
 {
 	static const char *const portnames[] = { "A2D0", "A2D1" };
 
-	m_analog_data = input_port_read(machine(), portnames[offset != 0]);
+	m_analog_data = ioport(portnames[offset != 0])->read();
 }
 
 
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( roadriot )
 	PORT_START("IN2")		/* e00010 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x003f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT(  0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT(  0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_INCLUDE( atarijsa_iii )		/* audio board port */
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( guardian )
 	PORT_START("IN2")		/* e00010 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x003f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT(  0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT(  0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_INCLUDE( atarijsa_iii )		/* audio board port */

src/mame/drivers/atarigt.c

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ static void cage_irq_callback(running_machine &machine, int reason)
 
 READ32_MEMBER(atarigt_state::special_port2_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "SERVICE");
+	int temp = ioport("SERVICE")->read();
 	temp ^= 0x0001;		/* /A2DRDY always high for now */
 	temp ^= 0x0008;		/* A2D.EOC always high for now */
 	return (temp << 16) | temp;
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ READ32_MEMBER(atarigt_state::special_port2_r)
 
 READ32_MEMBER(atarigt_state::special_port3_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "COIN");
+	int temp = ioport("COIN")->read();
 	if (m_video_int_state) temp ^= 0x0001;
 	if (m_scanline_int_state) temp ^= 0x0002;
 	return (temp << 16) | temp;
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ READ32_MEMBER(atarigt_state::special_port3_r)
 #if (HACK_TMEK_CONTROLS)
 INLINE void compute_fake_pots(int *pots)
 {
-	int fake = input_port_read(machine, "FAKE");
+	int fake = machine.root_device().ioport("FAKE")->read();
 
 	pots[0] = pots[1] = pots[2] = pots[3] = 0x80;
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ READ32_MEMBER(atarigt_state::analog_port0_r)
 	compute_fake_pots(pots);
 	return (pots[0] << 24) | (pots[3] << 8);
 #else
-	return (input_port_read(machine(), "AN1") << 24) | (input_port_read(machine(), "AN2") << 8);
+	return (ioport("AN2")->read() << 8);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ READ32_MEMBER(atarigt_state::analog_port1_r)
 	compute_fake_pots(pots);
 	return (pots[2] << 24) | (pots[1] << 8);
 #else
-	return (input_port_read(machine(), "AN3") << 24) | (input_port_read(machine(), "AN4") << 8);
+	return (ioport("AN4")->read() << 8);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( common )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SPECIAL )	/* A2D.EOC */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0030, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )	/* NC */
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )			/* SELFTEST */
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )	/* VBLANK */
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")	/* VBLANK */
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("COIN")			/* 68.STATUS (A2=1) */

src/mame/drivers/atarigx2.c

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static MACHINE_RESET( atarigx2 )
 
 READ32_MEMBER(atarigx2_state::special_port2_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "SERVICE");
+	int temp = ioport("SERVICE")->read();
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) temp ^= 0x0020;
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) temp ^= 0x0010;
 	temp ^= 0x0008;		/* A2D.EOC always high for now */
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ READ32_MEMBER(atarigx2_state::special_port2_r)
 
 READ32_MEMBER(atarigx2_state::special_port3_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "SPECIAL");
+	int temp = ioport("SPECIAL")->read();
 	return (temp << 16) | temp;
 }
 
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ READ32_MEMBER(atarigx2_state::a2d_data_r)
 	switch (offset)
 	{
 		case 0:
-			return (input_port_read(machine(), "A2D0") << 24) | (input_port_read(machine(), "A2D1") << 8);
+			return (ioport("A2D1")->read() << 8);
 		case 1:
-			return (input_port_read(machine(), "A2D2") << 24) | (input_port_read(machine(), "A2D3") << 8);
+			return (ioport("A2D3")->read() << 8);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( spclords )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_SPECIAL )	/* /AUDIRQ */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_SPECIAL )	/* /AUDFULL */
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("SPECIAL")     /* 68.STATUS (A2=1) */
@@ -1253,7 +1253,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( motofren )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_SPECIAL )	/* /AUDIRQ */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_SPECIAL )	/* /AUDFULL */
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("SPECIAL")		/* 68.STATUS (A2=1) */
@@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( rrreveng )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_SPECIAL )	/* /AUDIRQ */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_SPECIAL )	/* /AUDFULL */
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("SPECIAL")		/* 68.STATUS (A2=1) */

src/mame/drivers/atarisy1.c

@@ -268,15 +268,15 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarisy1_state::joystick_r)
 
 	/* digital joystick type */
 	if (m_joystick_type == 1)
-		newval = (input_port_read(machine(), "IN0") & (0x80 >> offset)) ? 0xf0 : 0x00;
+		newval = (ioport("IN0")->read() & (0x80 >> offset)) ? 0xf0 : 0x00;
 
 	/* Hall-effect analog joystick */
 	else if (m_joystick_type == 2)
-		newval = input_port_read(machine(), portnames[offset & 1]);
+		newval = ioport(portnames[offset & 1])->read();
 
 	/* Road Blasters gas pedal */
 	else if (m_joystick_type == 3)
-		newval = input_port_read(machine(), "IN1");
+		newval = ioport("IN1")->read();
 
 	/* the A4 bit enables/disables joystick IRQs */
 	m_joystick_int_enable = ((offset >> 3) & 1) ^ 1;
@@ -321,13 +321,13 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarisy1_state::trakball_r)
 
 			if (player == 0)
 			{
-				posx = (INT8)input_port_read(machine(), "IN0");
+				posx = (INT8)ioport("IN0")->read();
-				posy = (INT8)input_port_read(machine(), "IN1");
+				posy = (INT8)ioport("IN1")->read();
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				posx = (INT8)input_port_read(machine(), "IN2");
+				posx = (INT8)ioport("IN2")->read();
-				posy = (INT8)input_port_read(machine(), "IN3");
+				posy = (INT8)ioport("IN3")->read();
 			}
 
 			m_cur[player][0] = posx + posy;
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarisy1_state::trakball_r)
 
 	/* Road Blasters steering wheel */
 	else if (m_trackball_type == 2)
-		result = input_port_read(machine(), "IN0");
+		result = ioport("IN0")->read();
 
 	return result;
 }
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarisy1_state::trakball_r)
 
 READ16_MEMBER(atarisy1_state::port4_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "F60000");
+	int temp = ioport("F60000")->read();
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) temp ^= 0x0080;
 	return temp;
 }
@@ -369,11 +369,11 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarisy1_state::port4_r)
 
 READ8_MEMBER(atarisy1_state::switch_6502_r)
 {
-	int temp = input_port_read(machine(), "1820");
+	int temp = ioport("1820")->read();
 
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) temp ^= 0x08;
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) temp ^= 0x10;
-	if (!(input_port_read(machine(), "F60000") & 0x0040)) temp ^= 0x80;
+	if (!(ioport("F60000")->read() & 0x0040)) temp ^= 0x80;
 
 	return temp;
 }
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( marble )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0002, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START2 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0004, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SPECIAL )
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( peterpak )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0002, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START2 ) PORT_NAME("Right Throw/P2 Start")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0004, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_NAME("Jump")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SPECIAL )
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( indytemp )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0002, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START2 ) PORT_NAME("Right Whip/P2 Start")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0004, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )	/* freeze? */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SPECIAL )
@@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( roadrunn )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0002, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START2 ) PORT_NAME("Right Hop/P2 Start")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0004, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_NAME("Unused Button 1")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON3 ) PORT_NAME("Unused Button 2")
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SPECIAL )
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( roadblst )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0002, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_NAME("Lasers")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0004, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SPECIAL )

src/mame/drivers/atarisy2.c

@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ static void bankselect_postload(running_machine &machine)
 
 READ16_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::switch_r)
 {
-	int result = input_port_read(machine(), "1800") | (input_port_read(machine(), "1801") << 8);
+	int result = ioport("1800")->read() | (ioport("1801")->read() << 8);
 
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x20;
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x10;
@@ -371,13 +371,13 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::switch_r)
 
 READ8_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::switch_6502_r)
 {
-	int result = input_port_read(machine(), "1840");
+	int result = ioport("1840")->read();
 
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result |= 0x01;
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result |= 0x02;
 	if ((m_has_tms5220) && (tms5220_readyq_r(machine().device("tms")) == 0))
 		result &= ~0x04;
-	if (!(input_port_read(machine(), "1801") & 0x80)) result |= 0x10;
+	if (!(ioport("1801")->read() & 0x80)) result |= 0x10;
 
 	return result;
 }
@@ -412,9 +412,9 @@ READ16_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::adc_r)
 	static const char *const adcnames[] = { "ADC0", "ADC1", "ADC2", "ADC3" };
 
 	if (m_which_adc < m_pedal_count)
-		return ~input_port_read(machine(), adcnames[m_which_adc]);
+		return ~ioport(adcnames[m_which_adc])->read();
 
-	return input_port_read(machine(), adcnames[m_which_adc]) | 0xff00;
+	return ioport(adcnames[m_which_adc])->read() | 0xff00;
 }
 
 
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::leta_r)
 
     if (offset <= 1 && m_pedal_count == -1)   /* 720 */
 	{
-		switch (input_port_read(machine(), "SELECT"))
+		switch (ioport("SELECT")->read())
 		{
 			case 0:	/* Real */
 				break;
@@ -432,8 +432,8 @@ READ8_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::leta_r)
 			case 1:	/* Fake Joystick */
 			/* special thanks to MAME Analog+ for the mapping code */
 			{
-				int analogx = input_port_read(machine(), "FAKE_JOY_X") - 128;
+				int analogx = ioport("FAKE_JOY_X")->read() - 128;
-				int analogy = input_port_read(machine(), "FAKE_JOY_Y") - 128;
+				int analogy = ioport("FAKE_JOY_Y")->read() - 128;
 				double angle;
 
 				/* if the joystick is centered, leave the rest of this alone */
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::leta_r)
 			{
 				INT32  diff;
 				UINT32 temp;
-				UINT32 rotate_count = input_port_read(machine(), "FAKE_SPINNER") & 0xffff;
+				UINT32 rotate_count = ioport("FAKE_SPINNER")->read() & 0xffff;
 				/* rotate_count behaves the same as the real LEAT1 Rotate encoder
                  * we use it to generate the LETA0 Center encoder count
                  */
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ READ8_MEMBER(atarisy2_state::leta_r)
 				return 0xff;
 		}
 	}
-	return input_port_read(machine(), letanames[offset]);
+	return ioport(letanames[offset])->read();
 }
 
 
@@ -962,25 +962,25 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( 720 )
 	/* Center disc */
 	/* X1, X2 LETA inputs */
 	PORT_MODIFY("LETA0")	/* not direct mapped */
-	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x00, IPT_DIAL_V ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(50) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_NAME("Center") PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x00, IPT_DIAL_V ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(50) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_NAME("Center") PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,EQUALS,0x00)
 
 	/* Rotate disc */
 	/* Y1, Y2 LETA inputs */
 	/* The disc has 72 teeth which are read by the hardware at 2x */
 	/* Computer hardware reads at 4x, so we set the sensitivity to 50% */
 	PORT_MODIFY("LETA1")	/* not direct mapped */
-	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x00, IPT_DIAL ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(50) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_FULL_TURN_COUNT(144) PORT_NAME("Rotate") PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x00)
+	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x00, IPT_DIAL ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(50) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_FULL_TURN_COUNT(144) PORT_NAME("Rotate") PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,EQUALS,0x00)
 
 	PORT_START("FAKE_JOY_X")	/* not direct mapped */
-	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x80, IPT_AD_STICK_X ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(100) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x01)
+	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x80, IPT_AD_STICK_X ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(100) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,EQUALS,0x01)
 
 	PORT_START("FAKE_JOY_Y")	/* not direct mapped */
-	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x80, IPT_AD_STICK_Y ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(100) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_REVERSE PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x01)
+	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x80, IPT_AD_STICK_Y ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(100) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_REVERSE PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,EQUALS,0x01)
 
 	/* Let's assume we are using a 1200 count spinner.  We scale to get a 144 count.
      * 144/1200 = 0.12 = 12% */
 	PORT_START("FAKE_SPINNER")	/* not direct mapped */
-	PORT_BIT( 0xffff, 0x00, IPT_DIAL ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(12) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,PORTCOND_EQUALS,0x02)
+	PORT_BIT( 0xffff, 0x00, IPT_DIAL ) PORT_SENSITIVITY(12) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_CONDITION("SELECT",0x03,EQUALS,0x02)
 
 	PORT_START("SELECT")
     PORT_CONFNAME( 0x03, 0x02, "Controller Type" )

src/mame/drivers/atarisy4.c

@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 READ16_MEMBER(atarisy4_state::analog_r)
 {
-	return (input_port_read(machine(), "STICKX") << 8) | input_port_read(machine(), "STICKY");
+	return (ioport("STICKX")->read() << 8) | ioport("STICKY")->read();
 }
 
 static INPUT_PORTS_START( atarisy4 )
@@ -969,8 +969,8 @@ static DRIVER_INIT( laststar )
 	state->m_shared_ram[0] = auto_alloc_array_clear(machine, UINT16, 0x2000);
 
 	/* Populate the 68000 address space with data from the HEX files */
-	load_hexfile(main, machine.root_device().memregion("code")->base());
+	load_hexfile(main, state->memregion("code")->base());
-	load_hexfile(main, machine.root_device().memregion("data")->base());
+	load_hexfile(main, state->memregion("data")->base());
 
 	/* Set up the DSP */
 	state->membank("dsp0_bank0")->set_base(state->m_shared_ram[0]);
@@ -986,12 +986,12 @@ static DRIVER_INIT( airrace )
 	state->m_shared_ram[1] = auto_alloc_array_clear(machine, UINT16, 0x4000);
 
 	/* Populate RAM with data from the HEX files */
-	load_hexfile(machine.device("maincpu")->memory().space(AS_PROGRAM), machine.root_device().memregion("code")->base());
+	load_hexfile(machine.device("maincpu")->memory().space(AS_PROGRAM), state->memregion("code")->base());
 
 	/* Set up the first DSP */
 	state->membank("dsp0_bank0")->set_base(state->m_shared_ram[0]);
 	state->membank("dsp0_bank1")->set_base(&state->m_shared_ram[0][0x800]);
-	load_ldafile(machine.device("dsp0")->memory().space(AS_PROGRAM), machine.root_device().memregion("dsp")->base());
+	load_ldafile(machine.device("dsp0")->memory().space(AS_PROGRAM), state->memregion("dsp")->base());
 
 	/* Set up the second DSP */
 	state->membank("dsp1_bank0")->set_base(state->m_shared_ram[1]);

src/mame/drivers/ataxx.c

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( ataxx )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")		/* 0xF7 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SLAVEHALT )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xfc, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("IN2")		/* 0x20 */
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( wsf )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")		/* 0xF7 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SLAVEHALT )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xfc, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("IN2")		/* 0x20 */
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( indyheat )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")		/* 0xF7 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SLAVEHALT )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xfc, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("IN2")		/* 0x20 */
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( brutforc )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")		/* 0xF7 */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_SLAVEHALT )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xfc, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("IN2")		/* 0x20 */

src/mame/drivers/atetris.c

@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( atetris )
 	PORT_DIPSETTING(    0x08, DEF_STR( On ) )
 	PORT_DIPUNUSED_DIPLOC( 0x10, 0x00, "50H:!2" )	/* Listed As "SPARE2 (Unused)" */
 	PORT_DIPUNUSED_DIPLOC( 0x20, 0x00, "50H:!1" )	/* Listed As "SPARE1 (Unused)" */
-	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH )
 
 	PORT_START("IN1")

src/mame/drivers/attckufo.c

@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ READ8_MEMBER(attckufo_state::attckufo_io_r)
 {
 	switch(offset)
 	{
-		case 0: return input_port_read(machine(), "DSW");
+		case 0: return ioport("DSW")->read();
-		case 2: return input_port_read(machine(), "INPUT");
+		case 2: return ioport("INPUT")->read();
 	}
 	return 0xff;
 }

src/mame/drivers/avalnche.c

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( avalnche )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )		/* SLAM */
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_BUTTON1 )		/* Serve */
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )			/* VBLANK */
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")			/* VBLANK */
 
 	PORT_START("PADDLE")
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff, 0x80, IPT_PADDLE ) PORT_MINMAX(0x40, 0xb7) PORT_SENSITIVITY(50) PORT_KEYDELTA(10) PORT_CENTERDELTA(0)

src/mame/drivers/aztarac.c

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ READ16_MEMBER(aztarac_state::nvram_r)
 
 READ16_MEMBER(aztarac_state::joystick_r)
 {
-    return (((input_port_read(machine(), "STICKZ") - 0xf) << 8) |
+    return (((ioport("STICKZ")->read() - 0xf) << 8) |
-            ((input_port_read(machine(), "STICKY") - 0xf) & 0xff));
+            ((ioport("STICKY")->read() - 0xf) & 0xff));
 }
 
 

src/mame/drivers/backfire.c

@@ -177,16 +177,16 @@ static READ32_DEVICE_HANDLER( backfire_eeprom_r )
 	/* some kind of screen indicator?  checked by backfirea set before it will boot */
 	int backfire_screen = device->machine().rand() & 1;
 	eeprom_device *eeprom = downcast<eeprom_device *>(device);
-	return ((eeprom->read_bit() << 24) | input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN0")
+	return ((eeprom->read_bit() << 24) | device->machine().root_device().ioport("IN0")->read()
-			| ((input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN2") & 0xbf) << 16)
+			| ((device->machine().root_device().ioport("IN2")->read() & 0xbf) << 16)
-			| ((input_port_read(device->machine(), "IN3") & 0x40) << 16)) ^ (backfire_screen << 26) ;
+			| ((device->machine().root_device().ioport("IN3")->read() & 0x40) << 16)) ^ (backfire_screen << 26) ;
 }
 
 READ32_MEMBER(backfire_state::backfire_control2_r)
 {
 
 //  logerror("%08x:Read eprom %08x (%08x)\n", cpu_get_pc(&space.device()), offset << 1, mem_mask);
-	return (m_eeprom->read_bit() << 24) | input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") | (input_port_read(machine(), "IN1") << 16);
+	return (m_eeprom->read_bit() << 24) | ioport("IN1")->read() | (ioport("IN1")->read() << 16);
 }
 
 #ifdef UNUSED_FUNCTION
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ READ32_MEMBER(backfire_state::backfire_control3_r)
 {
 
 //  logerror("%08x:Read eprom %08x (%08x)\n", cpu_get_pc(&space.device()), offset << 1, mem_mask);
-	return (m_eeprom->read_bit() << 24) | input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") | (input_port_read(machine(), "IN2") << 16);
+	return (m_eeprom->read_bit() << 24) | ioport("IN2")->read() | (ioport("IN2")->read() << 16);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ WRITE32_MEMBER(backfire_state::backfire_pf4_rowscroll_w){ data &= 0x0000ffff; me
 #ifdef UNUSED_FUNCTION
 READ32_MEMBER(backfire_state::backfire_unknown_wheel_r)
 {
-	return input_port_read(machine(), "PADDLE0");
+	return ioport("PADDLE0")->read();
 }
 
 READ32_MEMBER(backfire_state::backfire_wheel1_r)
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( backfire )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0002, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_COIN2 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0004, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_SERVICE1 )
 	PORT_SERVICE_NO_TOGGLE( 0x0008, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) /* 'soundmask' */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( backfire )
 
 	PORT_START("IN3")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x003f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED ) /* all other bits like low IN2 */
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
 	PORT_START("PADDLE0")

src/mame/drivers/badlands.c

@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ static void scanline_update(screen_device &screen, int scanline)
 	/* sound IRQ is on 32V */
 	if (scanline & 32)
 		atarigen_6502_irq_ack_r(space, 0);
-	else if (!(input_port_read(screen.machine(), "FE4000") & 0x40))
+	else if (!(screen.machine().root_device().ioport("FE4000")->read() & 0x40))
 		atarigen_6502_irq_gen(screen.machine().device("audiocpu"));
 }
 
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ static MACHINE_RESET( badlands )
 static INTERRUPT_GEN( vblank_int )
 {
 	badlands_state *state = device->machine().driver_data<badlands_state>();
-	int pedal_state = input_port_read(device->machine(), "PEDALS");
+	int pedal_state = state->ioport("PEDALS")->read();
 	int i;
 
 	/* update the pedals once per frame */
@@ -306,8 +306,8 @@ READ8_MEMBER(badlands_state::audio_io_r)
                 0x02 = coin 2
                 0x01 = coin 1
             */
-			result = input_port_read(machine(), "AUDIO");
+			result = ioport("AUDIO")->read();
-			if (!(input_port_read(machine(), "FE4000") & 0x0080)) result ^= 0x90;
+			if (!(ioport("FE4000")->read() & 0x0080)) result ^= 0x90;
 			if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x40;
 			if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x20;
 			result ^= 0x10;
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( badlands )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x000f, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_PLAYER(1)
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_PLAYER(2)
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
 	PORT_BIT( 0xff00, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ static DRIVER_INIT( badlands )
 	badlands_state *state = machine.driver_data<badlands_state>();
 
 	/* initialize the audio system */
-	state->m_bank_base = &machine.root_device().memregion("audiocpu")->base()[0x03000];
+	state->m_bank_base = &state->memregion("audiocpu")->base()[0x03000];
 	state->m_bank_source_data = &state->memregion("audiocpu")->base()[0x10000];
 }
 
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ static void scanline_update_bootleg(screen_device &screen, int scanline)
 	/* sound IRQ is on 32V */
 //  if (scanline & 32)
 //      atarigen_6502_irq_ack_r(screen.machine(), 0);
-//  else if (!(input_port_read(machine, "FE4000") & 0x40))
+//  else if (!(machine.root_device().ioport("FE4000")->read() & 0x40))
 //      atarigen_6502_irq_gen(screen.machine().device("audiocpu"));
 }
 

src/mame/drivers/bagman.c

@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( dial_input_p1_r )
 	bagman_state *state = device->machine().driver_data<bagman_state>();
 	UINT8 dial_val;
 
-	dial_val = input_port_read(device->machine(), "DIAL_P1");
+	dial_val = state->ioport("DIAL_P1")->read();
 
 	if(state->m_p1_res != 0x60)
 		state->m_p1_res = 0x60;
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( dial_input_p1_r )
 
 	state->m_p1_old_val = dial_val;
 
-	return (input_port_read(device->machine(), "P1") & 0x9f) | (state->m_p1_res);
+	return (state->ioport("P1")->read() & 0x9f) | (state->m_p1_res);
 }
 
 static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( dial_input_p2_r )
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( dial_input_p2_r )
 	bagman_state *state = device->machine().driver_data<bagman_state>();
 	UINT8 dial_val;
 
-	dial_val = input_port_read(device->machine(), "DIAL_P2");
+	dial_val = state->ioport("DIAL_P2")->read();
 
 	if(state->m_p2_res != 0x60)
 		state->m_p2_res = 0x60;
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ static READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER( dial_input_p2_r )
 
 	state->m_p2_old_val = dial_val;
 
-	return (input_port_read(device->machine(), "P2") & 0x9f) | (state->m_p2_res);
+	return (state->ioport("P2")->read() & 0x9f) | (state->m_p2_res);
 }
 
 static const ay8910_interface ay8910_dial_config =

src/mame/drivers/balsente.c

@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( sentetst )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON1 )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x38, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_COIN2 )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	/* Analog ports */
 	PORT_START("AN0")

src/mame/drivers/baraduke.c

@@ -129,19 +129,19 @@ READ8_MEMBER(baraduke_state::inputport_r)
 	switch (m_inputport_selected)
 	{
 		case 0x00:	/* DSW A (bits 0-4) */
-			return (input_port_read(machine(), "DSWA") & 0xf8) >> 3;
+			return (ioport("DSWA")->read() & 0xf8) >> 3;
 		case 0x01:	/* DSW A (bits 5-7), DSW B (bits 0-1) */
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "DSWA") & 0x07) << 2) | ((input_port_read(machine(), "DSWB") & 0xc0) >> 6);
+			return ((ioport("DSWA")->read() & 0x07) << 2) | ((ioport("DSWB")->read() & 0xc0) >> 6);
 		case 0x02:	/* DSW B (bits 2-6) */
-			return (input_port_read(machine(), "DSWB") & 0x3e) >> 1;
+			return (ioport("DSWB")->read() & 0x3e) >> 1;
 		case 0x03:	/* DSW B (bit 7), DSW C (bits 0-3) */
-			return ((input_port_read(machine(), "DSWB") & 0x01) << 4) | (input_port_read(machine(), "EDGE") & 0x0f);
+			return ((ioport("DSWB")->read() & 0x01) << 4) | (ioport("EDGE")->read() & 0x0f);
 		case 0x04:	/* coins, start */
-			return input_port_read(machine(), "IN0");
+			return ioport("IN0")->read();
 		case 0x05:	/* 2P controls */
-			return input_port_read(machine(), "IN2");
+			return ioport("IN2")->read();
 		case 0x06:	/* 1P controls */
-			return input_port_read(machine(), "IN1");
+			return ioport("IN1")->read();
 		default:
 			return 0xff;
 	}

src/mame/drivers/batman.c

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(batman_state::batman_atarivc_w)
 
 READ16_MEMBER(batman_state::special_port2_r)
 {
-	int result = input_port_read(machine(), "260010");
+	int result = ioport("260010")->read();
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x0010;
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x0020;
 	return result;
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( batman )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0010, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )	/* Input buffer full (@260030) */
 	PORT_BIT( 0x0020, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNUSED )	/* Output buffer full (@260040) */
 	PORT_SERVICE( 0x0040, IP_ACTIVE_LOW )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x0080, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_INCLUDE( atarijsa_iii )		/* audio board port */
 INPUT_PORTS_END

src/mame/drivers/battlane.c

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( battlane )
 	PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_LEFT ) PORT_8WAY PORT_COCKTAIL
 	PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_RIGHT ) PORT_8WAY PORT_COCKTAIL
 	PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN )
-	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_VBLANK )
+	PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_CUSTOM ) PORT_VBLANK("screen")
 
 	PORT_START("DSW1")
 	PORT_DIPNAME( 0x03, 0x03, DEF_STR( Coin_B ) )		PORT_DIPLOCATION("SW1:1,2")

src/mame/drivers/battlera.c

@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ READ8_MEMBER(battlera_state::control_data_r)
 {
 	switch (m_control_port_select)
 	{
-		case 0xfe: return input_port_read(machine(), "IN0"); /* Player 1 */
+		case 0xfe: return ioport("IN0")->read(); /* Player 1 */
-		case 0xfd: return input_port_read(machine(), "IN1"); /* Player 2 */
+		case 0xfd: return ioport("IN1")->read(); /* Player 2 */
-		case 0xfb: return input_port_read(machine(), "IN2"); /* Coins */
+		case 0xfb: return ioport("IN2")->read(); /* Coins */
-		case 0xf7: return input_port_read(machine(), "DSW2"); /* Dip 2 */
+		case 0xf7: return ioport("DSW2")->read(); /* Dip 2 */
-		case 0xef: return input_port_read(machine(), "DSW1"); /* Dip 1 */
+		case 0xef: return ioport("DSW1")->read(); /* Dip 1 */
 	}
 
     return 0xff;

src/mame/drivers/bbusters.c

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(bbusters_state::control_3_r)
 {
 	static const char *const port[] = { "GUNX1", "GUNY1", "GUNX2", "GUNY2", "GUNX3", "GUNY3" };
 
-	UINT16 retdata = input_port_read(machine(), port[m_gun_select]);
+	UINT16 retdata = ioport(port[m_gun_select])->read();
 
 	retdata >>=1; // by lowering the precision of the gun reading hardware the game seems to work better
 
@@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ READ16_MEMBER(bbusters_state::mechatt_gun_r)
 {
 	int x, y;
 
-	x = input_port_read(machine(), offset ? "GUNX2" : "GUNX1");
+	x = ioport(offset ? "GUNX2" : "GUNX1")->read();
-	y = input_port_read(machine(), offset ? "GUNY2" : "GUNY1");
+	y = ioport(offset ? "GUNY2" : "GUNY1")->read();
 
 	/* Todo - does the hardware really clamp like this? */
 	x += 0x18;

src/mame/drivers/beaminv.c

@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ WRITE8_MEMBER(beaminv_state::controller_select_w)
 
 READ8_MEMBER(beaminv_state::controller_r)
 {
-	return input_port_read(machine(), (m_controller_select == 1) ? P1_CONTROL_PORT_TAG : P2_CONTROL_PORT_TAG);
+	return ioport((m_controller_select == 1) ? P1_CONTROL_PORT_TAG : P2_CONTROL_PORT_TAG)->read();
 }
 
 

src/mame/drivers/beathead.c

@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ WRITE32_MEMBER( beathead_state::eeprom_enable_w )
 
 READ32_MEMBER( beathead_state::input_2_r )
 {
-	int result = input_port_read(machine(), "IN2");
+	int result = ioport("IN2")->read();
 	if (m_sound_to_cpu_ready) result ^= 0x10;
 	if (m_cpu_to_sound_ready) result ^= 0x20;
 	return result;

src/mame/drivers/berzerk.c

@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static void get_pens(running_machine &machine, pen_t *pens)
 	int color;
 	double color_weights[2];
 
-	if (input_port_read(machine, MONITOR_TYPE_PORT_TAG) == 0)
+	if (machine.root_device().ioport(MONITOR_TYPE_PORT_TAG)->read() == 0)
 		compute_resistor_weights(0, 0xff, -1.0,
 								 2, resistances_wg, color_weights, 0, 270,
 								 2, resistances_wg, color_weights, 0, 270,
@@ -903,9 +903,9 @@ READ8_MEMBER(berzerk_state::moonwarp_p1_r)
 	// one difference is it lacks the strobe input (does it?), which if not active causes
 	// the dial input to go open bus. This is used in moon war 2 to switch between player 1
 	// and player 2 dials, which share a single port. moonwarp uses separate ports for the dials.
-	signed char dialread = input_port_read(machine(),"P1_DIAL");
+	signed char dialread = ioport("P1_DIAL")->read();
 	UINT8 ret;
-	UINT8 buttons = (input_port_read(machine(),"P1")&0xe0);
+	UINT8 buttons = (ioport("P1")->read()&0xe0);
 	if (dialread < 0) m_p1_direction = 0;
 	else if (dialread > 0) m_p1_direction = 0x10;
 	m_p1_counter_74ls161 += abs(dialread);
@@ -918,9 +918,9 @@ READ8_MEMBER(berzerk_state::moonwarp_p1_r)
 READ8_MEMBER(berzerk_state::moonwarp_p2_r)
 {
 	// same as above, but for player 2 in cocktail mode
-	signed char dialread = input_port_read(machine(),"P2_DIAL");
+	signed char dialread = ioport("P2_DIAL")->read();
 	UINT8 ret;
-	UINT8 buttons = (input_port_read(machine(),"P2")&0xe0);
+	UINT8 buttons = (ioport("P2")->read()&0xe0);
 	if (dialread < 0) m_p2_direction = 0;
 	else if (dialread > 0) m_p2_direction = 0x10;
 	m_p2_counter_74ls161 += abs(dialread);