diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/cdp1802/cdp1802.c b/src/emu/cpu/cdp1802/cdp1802.c
index 4f826397032..6c4baa87449 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/cdp1802/cdp1802.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/cdp1802/cdp1802.c
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 #define CDP1802_CYCLES_DMA			8
 #define CDP1802_CYCLES_INTERRUPT	8
 
-typedef enum _cdp1802_cpu_state cdp1802_cpu_state;
 enum _cdp1802_cpu_state
 {
 	CDP1802_STATE_0_FETCH,
@@ -20,6 +19,7 @@ enum _cdp1802_cpu_state
 	CDP1802_STATE_2_DMA_OUT,
 	CDP1802_STATE_3_INT
 };
+typedef enum _cdp1802_cpu_state cdp1802_cpu_state;
 
 typedef struct _cdp1802_state cdp1802_state;
 struct _cdp1802_state
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.c b/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.c
index 3f87aeb39d3..808d1f30482 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.c
@@ -148,9 +148,11 @@ struct _cop400_state
 	emu_timer *microbus_timer;
 };
 
+typedef void (*cop400_opcode_func) (cop400_state *cpustate, UINT8 opcode);
+
 struct _cop400_opcode_map {
 	unsigned cycles;
-	void (*function) (cop400_state *cpustate, UINT8 opcode);
+	cop400_opcode_func function;
 };
 
 /***************************************************************************
@@ -1206,7 +1208,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( cop400 )
 
 			if (BIT(EN, 1) && BIT(IL, 1))
 			{
-				void *function = cpustate->opcode_map[ROM(PC)].function;
+				cop400_opcode_func function = cpustate->opcode_map[ROM(PC)].function;
 
 				if ((function != jp) &&	(function != jmp) && (function != jsr))
 				{
@@ -1231,7 +1233,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( cop400 )
 
 			if (cpustate->skip)
 			{
-				void *function = cpustate->opcode_map[ROM(PC)].function;
+				cop400_opcode_func function = cpustate->opcode_map[ROM(PC)].function;
 
 				opcode = ROM(PC);
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.h b/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.h
index 8d4ba60bbae..7d9fadc5dec 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/cop400/cop400.h
@@ -73,16 +73,15 @@ enum
 };
 
 /* CKI bonding options */
-typedef enum _cop400_cki_bond cop400_cki_bond;
 enum _cop400_cki_bond {
 	COP400_CKI_DIVISOR_4 = 4,
 	COP400_CKI_DIVISOR_8 = 8,
 	COP400_CKI_DIVISOR_16 = 16,
 	COP400_CKI_DIVISOR_32 = 32
 };
+typedef enum _cop400_cki_bond cop400_cki_bond;
 
 /* CKO bonding options */
-typedef enum _cop400_cko_bond cop400_cko_bond;
 enum _cop400_cko_bond {
 	COP400_CKO_OSCILLATOR_OUTPUT = 0,
 	COP400_CKO_RAM_POWER_SUPPLY,
@@ -90,13 +89,14 @@ enum _cop400_cko_bond {
 	COP400_CKO_SYNC_INPUT,
 	COP400_CKO_GENERAL_PURPOSE_INPUT
 };
+typedef enum _cop400_cko_bond cop400_cko_bond;
 
 /* microbus bonding options */
-typedef enum _cop400_microbus cop400_microbus;
 enum _cop400_microbus {
 	COP400_MICROBUS_DISABLED = 0,
 	COP400_MICROBUS_ENABLED
 };
+typedef enum _cop400_microbus cop400_microbus;
 
 /* interface */
 typedef struct _cop400_interface cop400_interface;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/drcbeut.c b/src/emu/cpu/drcbeut.c
index e365db5e42a..07c51463ca4 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/drcbeut.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/drcbeut.c
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ drccodeptr drclabel_get_codeptr(drclabel_list *list, drcuml_codelabel label, drc
 
 	/* if no code pointer, request an OOB callback */
 	if (curlabel->codeptr == NULL && fixup != NULL)
-		drccache_request_oob_codegen(list->cache, label_oob_callback, curlabel, fixup, param);
+		drccache_request_oob_codegen(list->cache, label_oob_callback, curlabel, (void *)fixup, param);
 
 	return curlabel->codeptr;
 }
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/drcbex86.c b/src/emu/cpu/drcbex86.c
index 5413b144159..34f625ec984 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/drcbex86.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/drcbex86.c
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ static drcbe_state *drcbex86_alloc(drcuml_state *drcuml, drccache *cache, const
 	drcbe_state *drcbe;
 
 	/* allocate space in the cache for our state */
-	drcbe = drccache_memory_alloc(cache, sizeof(*drcbe));
+	drcbe = (drcbe_state *)drccache_memory_alloc(cache, sizeof(*drcbe));
 	if (drcbe == NULL)
 		return NULL;
 	memset(drcbe, 0, sizeof(*drcbe));
@@ -700,22 +700,26 @@ static void drcbex86_reset(drcbe_state *drcbe)
 	emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, exp)), REG_EAX);	// mov    state->exp,eax
 	for (regnum = 0; regnum < ARRAY_LENGTH(drcbe->state.r); regnum++)
 	{
+		int regoffsl = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->r[regnum].w.l;
+		int regoffsh = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->r[regnum].w.h;
 		if (int_register_map[regnum] != 0)
-			emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, r[regnum].w.l)), int_register_map[regnum]);
+			emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsl), int_register_map[regnum]);
 		else
 		{
 			emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MABS(&drcbe->state.r[regnum].w.l));
-			emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, r[regnum].w.l)), REG_EAX);
+			emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsl), REG_EAX);
 		}
 		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MABS(&drcbe->state.r[regnum].w.h));
-		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, r[regnum].w.h)), REG_EAX);
+		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsh), REG_EAX);
 	}
 	for (regnum = 0; regnum < ARRAY_LENGTH(drcbe->state.f); regnum++)
 	{
+		int regoffsl = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->f[regnum].s.l;
+		int regoffsh = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->f[regnum].s.h;
 		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MABS(&drcbe->state.f[regnum].s.l));
-		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, f[regnum].s.l)), REG_EAX);
+		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsl), REG_EAX);
 		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MABS(&drcbe->state.f[regnum].s.h));
-		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, f[regnum].s.h)), REG_EAX);
+		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsh), REG_EAX);
 	}
 	emit_ret(dst);																		// ret
 	if (drcbe->log != NULL && !drcbe->logged_common)
@@ -725,21 +729,25 @@ static void drcbex86_reset(drcbe_state *drcbe)
 	drcbe->restore = *dst;
 	for (regnum = 0; regnum < ARRAY_LENGTH(drcbe->state.r); regnum++)
 	{
+		int regoffsl = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->r[regnum].w.l;
+		int regoffsh = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->r[regnum].w.h;
 		if (int_register_map[regnum] != 0)
-			emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, int_register_map[regnum], MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, r[regnum].w.l)));
+			emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, int_register_map[regnum], MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsl));
 		else
 		{
-			emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, r[regnum].w.l)));
+			emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsl));
 			emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MABS(&drcbe->state.r[regnum].w.l), REG_EAX);
 		}
-		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, r[regnum].w.h)));
+		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsh));
 		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MABS(&drcbe->state.r[regnum].w.h), REG_EAX);
 	}
 	for (regnum = 0; regnum < ARRAY_LENGTH(drcbe->state.f); regnum++)
 	{
-		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, f[regnum].s.l)));
+		int regoffsl = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->f[regnum].s.l;
+		int regoffsh = (int)&((drcuml_machine_state *)NULL)->f[regnum].s.h;
+		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsl));
 		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MABS(&drcbe->state.f[regnum].s.l), REG_EAX);
-		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, f[regnum].s.h)));
+		emit_mov_r32_m32(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, regoffsh));
 		emit_mov_m32_r32(dst, MABS(&drcbe->state.f[regnum].s.h), REG_EAX);
 	}
 	emit_movzx_r32_m8(dst, REG_EAX, MBD(REG_ECX, offsetof(drcuml_machine_state, fmod)));// movzx eax,state->fmod
@@ -3014,7 +3022,7 @@ static void emit_fstp_p(x86code **dst, int size, const drcuml_parameter *param)
 
 static void fixup_label(void *parameter, drccodeptr labelcodeptr)
 {
-	drccodeptr src = parameter;
+	drccodeptr src = (drccodeptr)parameter;
 
 	/* find the end of the instruction */
 	if (src[0] == 0xe3)
@@ -3045,9 +3053,9 @@ static void fixup_label(void *parameter, drccodeptr labelcodeptr)
 static void fixup_exception(drccodeptr *codeptr, void *param1, void *param2, void *param3)
 {
 	drcuml_parameter handp, exp;
-	drcbe_state *drcbe = param1;
-	drccodeptr src = param2;
-	const drcuml_instruction *inst = param3;
+	drcbe_state *drcbe = (drcbe_state *)param1;
+	drccodeptr src = (drccodeptr)param2;
+	const drcuml_instruction *inst = (const drcuml_instruction *)param3;
 	drccodeptr dst = *codeptr;
 	drccodeptr *targetptr;
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56def.h b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56def.h
index 43f2cc922c9..5b4973e9ea5 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56def.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56def.h
@@ -393,3 +393,12 @@ static void PCDDR_set(dsp56k_core* cpustate, UINT16 value);
 /* Port C Dtaa Register (PCD) */
 static void PCD_set(dsp56k_core* cpustate, UINT16 value);
 
+
+INLINE dsp56k_core *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_DSP56156);
+	return (dsp56k_core *)device->token;
+}
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56k.c b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56k.c
index 057106aed20..22ab1be1515 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56k.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56k.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static DIRECT_UPDATE_HANDLER( dsp56k_direct_handler )
 {
 	if (address >= (0x0000<<1) && address <= (0x07ff<<1))
 	{
-		direct->raw = direct->decrypted = (void*)(dsp56k_program_ram - (0x0000<<1));
+		direct->raw = direct->decrypted = (UINT8 *)(dsp56k_program_ram - (0x0000<<1));
 		return ~0;
 	}
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(dsp56k_core* cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 ***************************************************************************/
 static CPU_INIT( dsp56k )
 {
-	dsp56k_core* cpustate = device->token;
+	dsp56k_core* cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	// Call specific module inits
 	pcu_init(cpustate);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static void alu_reset(dsp56k_core* cpustate)
 
 static CPU_RESET( dsp56k )
 {
-	dsp56k_core* cpustate = device->token;
+	dsp56k_core* cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	logerror("Dsp56k reset\n");
 
 	cpustate->interrupt_cycles = 0;
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( dsp56k )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( dsp56k )
 {
-	dsp56k_core* cpustate = device->token;
+	dsp56k_core* cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* If reset line is asserted, do nothing */
 	if (cpustate->reset_state)
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( dsp56k )
 {
-	dsp56k_core* cpustate = device->token;
+	dsp56k_core* cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( dsp56k )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( dsp56k )
 {
-	dsp56k_core* cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	dsp56k_core* cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56mem.c b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56mem.c
index b3375aaaf06..fac1b2f89ed 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56mem.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56mem.c
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ static void dsp56k_host_interface_reset(dsp56k_core* cpustate)
 /* They represent the host side of the dsp56k's host interface */
 void dsp56k_host_interface_write(device_config* device, UINT8 offset, UINT8 data)
 {
-	dsp56k_core* cpustate = device->token;
+	dsp56k_core* cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* Not exactly correct since the bootstrap hack doesn't need this to be true */
 	/*
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ void dsp56k_host_interface_write(device_config* device, UINT8 offset, UINT8 data
 
 UINT8 dsp56k_host_interface_read(device_config* device, UINT8 offset)
 {
-	dsp56k_core* cpustate = device->token;
+	dsp56k_core* cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* Not exactly correct since the bootstrap hack doesn't need this to be true */
 	/*
@@ -936,6 +936,6 @@ static void dsp56k_io_reset(dsp56k_core* cpustate)
 /* MISC*/
 UINT16 dsp56k_get_peripheral_memory(device_config* device, UINT16 addr)
 {
-	// TODO // THIS COMES BACK dsp56k_core* cpustate = device->token;
+	// TODO // THIS COMES BACK dsp56k_core* cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	return dsp56k_peripheral_ram[A2O(addr)];
 }
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56ops.c b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56ops.c
index fd8d25abdcd..f3064d5ddd9 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56ops.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/dsp56k/dsp56ops.c
@@ -1874,7 +1874,7 @@ static size_t dsp56k_op_cmpm(dsp56k_core* cpustate, const UINT16 op_byte, typed_
 		if (absS &  U64(0x0000000080000000))
 			absS |= U64(0xffffffff80000000);
 	}
-	absS = abs(absS);
+	absS = (absS < 0) ? -absS : absS;
 
 	/* Sign extend and get absolute value of the destination */
 	if (D.addr == &A || D.addr == &B)
@@ -1889,7 +1889,7 @@ static size_t dsp56k_op_cmpm(dsp56k_core* cpustate, const UINT16 op_byte, typed_
 		if (absS &  U64(0x0000000080000000))
 			absS |= U64(0xffffffff80000000);
 	}
-	absD = abs(absD);
+	absD = (absD < 0) ? -absD : absD;
 
 	/* Compare */
 	absResult = absD - absS;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/e132xs/32xsdasm.c b/src/emu/cpu/e132xs/32xsdasm.c
index d34fd5a59bc..67de64d8bf8 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/e132xs/32xsdasm.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/e132xs/32xsdasm.c
@@ -514,12 +514,12 @@ unsigned dasm_hyperstone(char *buffer, unsigned pc, const UINT8 *oprom, unsigned
 					lim = op & 0xfff;
 				}
 
-				sprintf(buffer, "XM%x %s, %s, $%x", (UINT8)(float) pow(2, xcode), dest, source, lim);
+				sprintf(buffer, "XM%x %s, %s, $%x", (UINT8)(float) pow(2.0, xcode), dest, source, lim);
 
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				sprintf(buffer, "XX%x %s, %s, 0", (UINT8)(float) pow(2, (xcode - 4)), dest, source);
+				sprintf(buffer, "XX%x %s, %s, 0", (UINT8)(float) pow(2.0, (xcode - 4)), dest, source);
 			}
 
 			break;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280.c b/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280.c
index c245d9256b0..f8ebc308e9b 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280.c
@@ -190,7 +190,6 @@ static CPU_RESET( h6280 )
     /* read the reset vector into PC */
 	PCL = RDMEM(cpustate, H6280_RESET_VEC);
 	PCH = RDMEM(cpustate, (H6280_RESET_VEC+1));
-	CHANGE_PC;
 
 	/* CPU starts in low speed mode */
     cpustate->clocks_per_cycle = 4;
@@ -226,8 +225,6 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( h6280 )
 	/* Execute instructions */
 	do
     {
-    	if ((cpustate->ppc.w.l ^ cpustate->pc.w.l) & 0xe000)
-    		CHANGE_PC;
 		cpustate->ppc = cpustate->pc;
 
 		debugger_instruction_hook(device, PCW);
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280ops.h b/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280ops.h
index 71f0e31f4b3..b58e1cfad61 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280ops.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/h6280/h6280ops.h
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #define S	cpustate->sp.b.l
 
 #define TRANSLATED(addr)	((cpustate->mmr[(addr)>>13] << 13) | ((addr)&0x1fff))
-#define CHANGE_PC
 #define H6280_CYCLES(cyc)											\
 	{																\
 		cpustate->ICount -= ((cyc) * cpustate->clocks_per_cycle);		\
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386.c b/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386.c
index 8b4245c6498..df6229c129a 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386.c
@@ -396,8 +396,8 @@ static void build_cycle_table(void)
 	int i, j;
 	for (j=0; j < X86_NUM_CPUS; j++)
 	{
-		cycle_table_rm[j] = auto_malloc(sizeof(UINT8) * CYCLES_NUM_OPCODES);
-		cycle_table_pm[j] = auto_malloc(sizeof(UINT8) * CYCLES_NUM_OPCODES);
+		cycle_table_rm[j] = (UINT8 *)auto_malloc(sizeof(UINT8) * CYCLES_NUM_OPCODES);
+		cycle_table_pm[j] = (UINT8 *)auto_malloc(sizeof(UINT8) * CYCLES_NUM_OPCODES);
 
 		for (i=0; i < sizeof(x86_cycle_table)/sizeof(X86_CYCLE_TABLE); i++)
 		{
@@ -445,8 +445,8 @@ static void I386OP(decode_two_byte)(i386_state *cpustate)
 
 static UINT64 i386_debug_segbase(void *globalref, void *ref, UINT32 params, const UINT64 *param)
 {
-	const device_config *device = ref;
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	const device_config *device = (const device_config *)ref;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT32 result;
 	I386_SREG seg;
 
@@ -466,8 +466,8 @@ static UINT64 i386_debug_segbase(void *globalref, void *ref, UINT32 params, cons
 
 static UINT64 i386_debug_seglimit(void *globalref, void *ref, UINT32 params, const UINT64 *param)
 {
-	const device_config *device = ref;
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	const device_config *device = (const device_config *)ref;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT32 result = 0;
 	I386_SREG seg;
 
@@ -491,8 +491,8 @@ static CPU_DEBUG_INIT( i386 )
 
 static STATE_POSTLOAD( i386_postload )
 {
-	const device_config *device = param;
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	const device_config *device = (const device_config *)param;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
 		i386_load_segment_descriptor(cpustate,i);
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( i386 )
 	static const int regs8[8] = {AL,CL,DL,BL,AH,CH,DH,BH};
 	static const int regs16[8] = {AX,CX,DX,BX,SP,BP,SI,DI};
 	static const int regs32[8] = {EAX,ECX,EDX,EBX,ESP,EBP,ESI,EDI};
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	build_cycle_table();
 
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ static void build_opcode_table(i386_state *cpustate, UINT32 features)
 
 static CPU_RESET( i386 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
 
 	save_irqcallback = cpustate->irq_callback;
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ static void i386_set_a20_line(i386_state *cpustate,int state)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( i386 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->cycles = cycles;
 	cpustate->base_cycles = cycles;
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( i386 )
 
 static CPU_TRANSLATE( i386 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int result = 1;
 	if (space == ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM)
 	{
@@ -739,13 +739,13 @@ static CPU_TRANSLATE( i386 )
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( i386 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	return i386_dasm_one(buffer, pc, oprom, cpustate->sreg[CS].d ? 32 : 16);
 }
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( i386 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if (state == CPUINFO_INT_INPUT_STATE+INPUT_LINE_A20)
 	{
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( i386 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( i386 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( i486 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( i486 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
 
 	save_irqcallback = cpustate->irq_callback;
@@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( i486 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( i486 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		case CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER + X87_CTRL:			cpustate->fpu_control_word = info->i;			break;
@@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( i486 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( i486 )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		case CPUINFO_FCT_SET_INFO:	      				info->setinfo = CPU_SET_INFO_NAME(i486);break;
@@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( pentium )
 
 static CPU_RESET( pentium )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
 
 	save_irqcallback = cpustate->irq_callback;
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( pentium )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( pentium )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		case CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER + X87_CTRL:			cpustate->fpu_control_word = info->i;			break;
@@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( pentium )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( pentium )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		case CPUINFO_FCT_SET_INFO:	      				info->setinfo = CPU_SET_INFO_NAME(pentium);	break;
@@ -1317,7 +1317,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( mediagx )
 
 static CPU_RESET( mediagx )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
 
 	save_irqcallback = cpustate->irq_callback;
@@ -1381,7 +1381,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( mediagx )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( mediagx )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i386_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		case CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER + X87_CTRL:			cpustate->fpu_control_word = info->i;			break;
@@ -1401,7 +1401,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( mediagx )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( mediagx )
 {
-	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i386_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		case CPUINFO_FCT_SET_INFO:	      				info->setinfo = CPU_SET_INFO_NAME(mediagx);	break;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386priv.h b/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386priv.h
index 96536123715..9d0b450b52d 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386priv.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i386/i386priv.h
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #ifndef __I386_H__
 #define __I386_H__
 
+#include "i386.h"
 #include "cpuintrf.h"
 
 #define I386OP(XX)		i386_##XX
@@ -280,6 +281,17 @@ struct _i386_state
 	UINT8 *cycle_table_rm;
 };
 
+INLINE i386_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I386 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I486 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PENTIUM ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MEDIAGX);
+	return (i386_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 extern int i386_parity_table[256];
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i86/i286.c b/src/emu/cpu/i86/i286.c
index 9e3e68993fa..553d54dc28a 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i86/i286.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i86/i286.c
@@ -78,6 +78,15 @@ struct _i80286_state
 	UINT16 eo; /* HJB 12/13/98 effective offset of the address (before segment is added) */
 };
 
+INLINE i80286_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I80286);
+	return (i80286_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #define INT_IRQ 0x01
 #define NMI_IRQ 0x02
 
@@ -138,7 +147,7 @@ static void i80286_set_a20_line(i80286_state *cpustate, int state)
 
 static CPU_RESET( i80286 )
 {
-	i80286_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i80286_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	static int urinit=1;
 
 	/* in my docu not all registers are initialized! */
@@ -194,7 +203,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(i80286_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( i80286 )
 {
-	i80286_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i80286_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* copy over the cycle counts if they're not correct */
 	if (timing.id != 80286)
@@ -233,7 +242,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( i80286 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( i80286 )
 {
-	i80286_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i80286_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	state_save_register_device_item_array(device, 0, cpustate->regs.w);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->amask);
@@ -295,7 +304,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( i80286 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( i80286 )
 {
-	i80286_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i80286_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -368,7 +377,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( i80286 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( i80286 )
 {
-	i80286_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i80286_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i86/i86.c b/src/emu/cpu/i86/i86.c
index 2cbf36b7797..3b244bd8fc0 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i86/i86.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i86/i86.c
@@ -69,6 +69,16 @@ struct _i8086_state
 	UINT16 eo; /* HJB 12/13/98 effective offset of the address (before segment is added) */
 };
 
+INLINE i8086_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I8086 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I8088 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I80186);
+	return (i8086_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 /***************************************************************************
     CPU STATE DESCRIPTION
@@ -151,7 +161,7 @@ static UINT8 parity_table[256];
 /***************************************************************************/
 static void i8086_state_register(const device_config *device)
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	state_save_register_device_item_array(device, 0, cpustate->regs.w);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->pc);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->prevpc);
@@ -178,7 +188,7 @@ static void i8086_state_register(const device_config *device)
 
 static CPU_INIT( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	unsigned int i, j, c;
 	static const BREGS reg_name[8] = {AL, CL, DL, BL, AH, CH, DH, BH};
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
@@ -219,7 +229,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( i8086 )
 #if (HAS_I8088||HAS_I80188)
 static CPU_INIT( i8088 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_INIT_CALL(i8086);
 	configure_memory_8bit(cpustate);
 }
@@ -227,7 +237,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( i8088 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
     memory_interface save_mem;
     cpu_state_table save_state;
@@ -286,7 +296,7 @@ static void set_test_line(i8086_state *cpustate, int state)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* copy over the cycle counts if they're not correct */
 	if (timing.id != 8086)
@@ -342,7 +352,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( i8086 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( i80186 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* copy over the cycle counts if they're not correct */
 	if (timing.id != 80186)
@@ -382,7 +392,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( i80186 )
 
 static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -436,7 +446,7 @@ static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( i8086 )
 
 static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -461,7 +471,7 @@ static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( i8086 )
 
 static CPU_EXPORT_STRING( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -486,7 +496,7 @@ static CPU_EXPORT_STRING( i8086 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -505,7 +515,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( i8086 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( i8086 )
 {
-	i8086_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i8086_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.c b/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.c
index cb6ead9a630..c5bf906b12f 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ TODO: Separate out i860XR and i860XP (make different types, etc).
 
 static CPU_INIT( i860 )
 {
-	i860_state_t *cpustate = device->token;
+	i860_state_t *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->device = device;
 	cpustate->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
 	reset_i860(cpustate);
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( i860 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( i860 )
 {
-	i860_state_t *cpustate = device->token;
+	i860_state_t *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	reset_i860(cpustate);
 }
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( i860 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( i860 )
 {
-	i860_state_t *cpustate = device->token;
+	i860_state_t *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch(state)
 	{
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( i860 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( i860 )
 {
-	i860_state_t *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i860_state_t *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.h b/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.h
index 30a7724ae2c..49e26e5ccf1 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860.h
@@ -177,6 +177,15 @@ typedef struct {
 
 } i860_state_t;
 
+INLINE i860_state_t *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I860);
+	return (i860_state_t *)device->token;
+}
+
 
 /***************************************************************************
     PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860dec.c b/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860dec.c
index b3eb19784a6..003ccd6680d 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860dec.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i860/i860dec.c
@@ -4440,7 +4440,7 @@ void reset_i860 (i860s *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( i860 )
 {
-	i860_state_t *cpustate = device->token;
+	i860_state_t *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* Check if the data bus is held by another device, and bail if so.
        Also check for reset.  */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/i960/i960.c b/src/emu/cpu/i960/i960.c
index bd4d51144ce..75d1197a6f6 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/i960/i960.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/i960/i960.c
@@ -39,6 +39,15 @@ struct _i960_state_t {
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE i960_state_t *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_I960);
+	return (i960_state_t *)device->token;
+}
+
 static void do_call(i960_state_t *i960, UINT32 adr, int type, UINT32 stack);
 
 INLINE UINT32 i960_read_dword_unaligned(i960_state_t *i960, UINT32 address)
@@ -1946,7 +1955,7 @@ INLINE void execute_op(i960_state_t *i960, UINT32 opcode)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( i960 )
 {
-	i960_state_t *i960 = device->token;
+	i960_state_t *i960 = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT32 opcode;
 
 	i960->icount = cycles;
@@ -2035,7 +2044,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(i960_state_t *i960, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( i960 )
 {
-	i960_state_t *i960 = device->token;
+	i960_state_t *i960 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if(state >= CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER+I960_R0 && state <= CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER + I960_G15) {
 		i960->r[state - (CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER + I960_R0)] = info->i;
@@ -2057,7 +2066,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( i960 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( i960 )
 {
-	i960_state_t *i960 = device->token;
+	i960_state_t *i960 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	i960->irq_cb = irqcallback;
 	i960->device = device;
@@ -2090,7 +2099,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( i960  )
 
 static CPU_RESET( i960 )
 {
-	i960_state_t *i960 = device->token;
+	i960_state_t *i960 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	i960->SAT        = memory_read_dword_32le(i960->program, 0);
 	i960->PRCB       = memory_read_dword_32le(i960->program, 4);
@@ -2111,7 +2120,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( i960 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( i960 )
 {
-	i960_state_t *i960 = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	i960_state_t *i960 = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	if(state >= CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER+I960_R0 && state <= CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER + I960_G15) {
 		info->i = i960->r[state - (CPUINFO_INT_REGISTER + I960_R0)];
@@ -2224,12 +2233,12 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( i960 )
 // on the real hardware (e.g. Model 2's interrupt control registers)
 void i960_noburst(const device_config *device)
 {
-	i960_state_t *i960 = device->token;
+	i960_state_t *i960 = get_safe_token(device);
 	i960->bursting = 0;
 }
 
 void i960_stall(const device_config *device)
 {
-	i960_state_t *i960 = device->token;
+	i960_state_t *i960 = get_safe_token(device);
 	i960->IP = i960->PIP;
 }
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/konami/konami.c b/src/emu/cpu/konami/konami.c
index 09d9a3bc621..52ec1101eb3 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/konami/konami.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/konami/konami.c
@@ -65,6 +65,15 @@ struct _konami_state
 	konami_set_lines_func setlines_callback;
 };
 
+INLINE konami_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_KONAMI);
+	return (konami_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 /* flag bits in the cc register */
 #define CC_C    0x01        /* Carry */
 #define CC_V    0x02        /* Overflow */
@@ -391,7 +400,7 @@ static void check_irq_lines(konami_state *cpustate)
 /****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_INIT( konami )
 {
-	konami_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	konami_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -414,7 +423,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( konami )
 
 static CPU_RESET( konami )
 {
-	konami_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	konami_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->int_state = 0;
 	cpustate->nmi_state = CLEAR_LINE;
@@ -462,7 +471,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(konami_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 /* execute instructions on this CPU until icount expires */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( konami )
 {
-	konami_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	konami_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 	check_irq_lines(cpustate);
@@ -501,7 +510,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( konami )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( konami )
 {
-	konami_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	konami_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -534,7 +543,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( konami )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( konami )
 {
-	konami_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	konami_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/lh5801/lh5801.c b/src/emu/cpu/lh5801/lh5801.c
index 71918428bf5..cb2a44eefc6 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/lh5801/lh5801.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/lh5801/lh5801.c
@@ -67,6 +67,15 @@ struct _lh5810_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE lh5801_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_LH5801);
+	return (lh5801_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #define P cpustate->p.w.l
 #define S cpustate->s.w.l
 #define U cpustate->u.w.l
@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ struct _lh5810_state
 
 static CPU_INIT( lh5801 )
 {
-	lh5801_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lh5801_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	memset(cpustate, 0, sizeof(*cpustate));
 	cpustate->config = (const lh5801_cpu_core *) device->static_config;
@@ -102,7 +111,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( lh5801 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( lh5801 )
 {
-	lh5801_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lh5801_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	P = (memory_read_byte(cpustate->program, 0xfffe)<<8) | memory_read_byte(cpustate->program, 0xffff);
 
@@ -111,7 +120,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( lh5801 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( lh5801 )
 {
-	lh5801_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lh5801_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -144,7 +153,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(lh5801_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( lh5801 )
 {
-	lh5801_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lh5801_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -174,7 +183,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( lh5801 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( lh5801 )
 {
-	lh5801_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	lh5801_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/lr35902/lr35902.c b/src/emu/cpu/lr35902/lr35902.c
index f3863b36c6f..08e2550baa3 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/lr35902/lr35902.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/lr35902/lr35902.c
@@ -113,6 +113,15 @@ union _lr35902_state {
 	lr35902_8BitRegs b;
 };
 
+INLINE lr35902_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_LR35902);
+	return (lr35902_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 typedef int (*OpcodeEmulator) (lr35902_state *cpustate);
 
 #define IME     0x01
@@ -180,7 +189,7 @@ static const int CyclesCB[256] =
 
 static CPU_INIT( lr35902 )
 {
-	lr35902_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lr35902_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->w.config = (const lr35902_cpu_core *) device->static_config;
 	cpustate->w.irq_callback = irqcallback;
@@ -195,7 +204,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( lr35902 )
 /************************************************************/
 static CPU_RESET( lr35902 )
 {
-	lr35902_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lr35902_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->w.AF = 0x0000;
 	cpustate->w.BC = 0x0000;
@@ -300,7 +309,7 @@ INLINE void lr35902_ProcessInterrupts (lr35902_state *cpustate)
 /************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( lr35902 )
 {
-	lr35902_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lr35902_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->w.icount = cycles;
 
@@ -336,7 +345,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( lr35902 )
 
 static CPU_BURN( lr35902 )
 {
-	lr35902_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lr35902_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
     if( cycles > 0 )
     {
@@ -378,7 +387,7 @@ static void lr35902_clear_pending_interrupts (lr35902_state *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( lr35902 )
 {
-	lr35902_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	lr35902_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -406,7 +415,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( lr35902 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( lr35902 )
 {
-	lr35902_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	lr35902_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710.c b/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710.c
index 67e3f4e44d9..e7e12e6b4f0 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710.c
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 
 #include "debugger.h"
 #include "cpuexec.h"
+#include "m37710.h"
 #include "m37710cm.h"
 
 #define M37710_DEBUG	(0)	// enables verbose logging for peripherals, etc.
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ static const char *const m37710_tnames[8] =
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( m37710_timer_cb )
 {
-	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = ptr;
+	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = (m37710i_cpu_struct *)ptr;
 	int which = param;
 	int curirq = M37710_LINE_TIMERA0 - which;
 
@@ -763,7 +764,7 @@ void m37710i_update_irqs(m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_RESET( m37710 )
 {
-	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = device->token;
+	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* Start the CPU */
 	CPU_STOPPED = 0;
@@ -811,7 +812,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( m37710 )
 /* Execute some instructions */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m37710 )
 {
-	m37710i_cpu_struct *m37710 = device->token;
+	m37710i_cpu_struct *m37710 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	m37710i_update_irqs(m37710);
 
@@ -869,7 +870,7 @@ void m37710_set_irq_callback(cpu_irq_callback callback)
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( m37710 )
 {
-	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = device->token;
+	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	return m7700_disassemble(buffer, (pc&0xffff), pc>>16, oprom, FLAG_M, FLAG_X);
 }
@@ -887,7 +888,7 @@ static STATE_POSTLOAD( m37710_restore_state )
 
 static CPU_INIT( m37710 )
 {
-	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = device->token;
+	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 
 	memset(cpustate, 0, sizeof(cpustate));
@@ -963,7 +964,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m37710 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m37710 )
 {
-	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = device->token;
+	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1012,7 +1013,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m37710 )
 {
-	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m37710i_cpu_struct *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710cm.h b/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710cm.h
index 81ef0c0923a..934dae385e8 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710cm.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m37710/m37710cm.h
@@ -129,6 +129,15 @@ struct _m37710i_cpu_struct
 	emu_timer *timers[8];
 };
 
+INLINE m37710i_cpu_struct *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M37710 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M37702);
+	return (m37710i_cpu_struct *)device->token;
+}
 
 extern uint m37710i_adc_tbl[];
 extern uint m37710i_sbc_tbl[];
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/6502dasm.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/6502dasm.c
index 3c000ac91dc..8c3c5692983 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/6502dasm.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/6502dasm.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ enum addr_mode {
 };
 
 enum opcodes {
-	adc,  and, asl,  bcc,  bcs,  beq,  bit,  bmi,
+	adc,  and_,asl,  bcc,  bcs,  beq,  bit,  bmi,
 	bne,  bpl, m6502_brk,  bvc,  bvs,  clc,  cld,  cli,
 	clv,  cmp, cpx,  cpy,  dec,  dex,  dey,  eor,
 	inc,  inx, iny,  jmp,  jsr,  lda,  ldx,  ldy,
@@ -148,14 +148,14 @@ static const struct op6502_info op6502[256] = {
 	{nop,zpx},{ora,zpx},{asl,zpx},{slo,zpx},
 	{clc,imp},{ora,aby},{nop,imp},{slo,aby},
 	{nop,abx},{ora,abx},{asl,abx},{slo,abx},
-	{jsr,adr},{and,idx},{kil,non},{rla,idx},/* 20 */
-	{bit,zpg},{and,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rla,zpg},
-	{plp,imp},{and,imm},{rol,acc},{anc,imm},
-	{bit,aba},{and,aba},{rol,aba},{rla,aba},
-	{bmi,rel},{and,idy},{kil,non},{rla,idy},/* 30 */
-	{nop,zpx},{and,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rla,zpx},
-	{sec,imp},{and,aby},{nop,imp},{rla,aby},
-	{nop,abx},{and,abx},{rol,abx},{rla,abx},
+	{jsr,adr},{and_,idx},{kil,non},{rla,idx},/* 20 */
+	{bit,zpg},{and_,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rla,zpg},
+	{plp,imp},{and_,imm},{rol,acc},{anc,imm},
+	{bit,aba},{and_,aba},{rol,aba},{rla,aba},
+	{bmi,rel},{and_,idy},{kil,non},{rla,idy},/* 30 */
+	{nop,zpx},{and_,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rla,zpx},
+	{sec,imp},{and_,aby},{nop,imp},{rla,aby},
+	{nop,abx},{and_,abx},{rol,abx},{rla,abx},
 	{rti,imp},{eor,idx},{kil,non},{sre,idx},/* 40 */
 	{nop,zpg},{eor,zpg},{lsr,zpg},{sre,zpg},
 	{pha,imp},{eor,imm},{lsr,acc},{asr,imm},
@@ -215,14 +215,14 @@ static const struct op6502_info op65c02[256] = {
 	{trb,zpg},{ora,zpx},{asl,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
 	{clc,imp},{ora,aby},{ina,imp},{ill,non},
 	{trb,aba},{ora,abx},{asl,abx},{bbr,zpb},
-	{jsr,adr},{and,idx},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 20 */
-	{bit,zpg},{and,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
-	{plp,imp},{and,imm},{rol,acc},{ill,non},
-	{bit,aba},{and,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
-	{bmi,rel},{and,idy},{and,zpi},{ill,non},/* 30 */
-	{bit,zpx},{and,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
-	{sec,imp},{and,aby},{dea,imp},{ill,non},
-	{bit,abx},{and,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
+	{jsr,adr},{and_,idx},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 20 */
+	{bit,zpg},{and_,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
+	{plp,imp},{and_,imm},{rol,acc},{ill,non},
+	{bit,aba},{and_,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
+	{bmi,rel},{and_,idy},{and_,zpi},{ill,non},/* 30 */
+	{bit,zpx},{and_,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
+	{sec,imp},{and_,aby},{dea,imp},{ill,non},
+	{bit,abx},{and_,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
 	{rti,imp},{eor,idx},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 40 */
 	{ill,non},{eor,zpg},{lsr,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
 	{pha,imp},{eor,imm},{lsr,acc},{ill,non},
@@ -283,14 +283,14 @@ static const struct op6502_info op65sc02[256] = {
 	{trb,zpg},{ora,zpx},{asl,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
 	{clc,imp},{ora,aby},{ina,imp},{ill,non},
 	{trb,aba},{ora,abx},{asl,abx},{bbr,zpb},
-	{jsr,adr},{and,idx},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 20 */
-	{bit,zpg},{and,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
-	{plp,imp},{and,imm},{rol,acc},{ill,non},
-	{bit,aba},{and,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
-	{bmi,rel},{and,idy},{and,zpi},{ill,non},/* 30 */
-	{bit,zpx},{and,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
-	{sec,imp},{and,aby},{dea,imp},{ill,non},
-	{bit,abx},{and,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
+	{jsr,adr},{and_,idx},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 20 */
+	{bit,zpg},{and_,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
+	{plp,imp},{and_,imm},{rol,acc},{ill,non},
+	{bit,aba},{and_,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
+	{bmi,rel},{and_,idy},{and_,zpi},{ill,non},/* 30 */
+	{bit,zpx},{and_,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
+	{sec,imp},{and_,aby},{dea,imp},{ill,non},
+	{bit,abx},{and_,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
 	{rti,imp},{eor,idx},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 40 */
 	{ill,non},{eor,zpg},{lsr,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
 	{pha,imp},{eor,imm},{lsr,acc},{ill,non},
@@ -351,14 +351,14 @@ static const struct op6502_info op65ce02[256] = {
 	{trb,zpg},{ora,zpx},{asl,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
 	{clc,imp},{ora,aby},{ina,imp},{inz,imp},
 	{trb,aba},{ora,abx},{asl,abx},{bbr,zpb},
-	{jsr,adr},{and,idx},{jsr,ind},{jsr,iax},/* 20 */
-	{bit,zpg},{and,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
-	{plp,imp},{and,imm},{rol,acc},{tys,imp},
-	{bit,aba},{and,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
-	{bmi,rel},{and,idz},{and,zpi},{bmi,rw2},/* 30 */
-	{bit,zpx},{and,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
-	{sec,imp},{and,aby},{dea,imp},{dez,imp},
-	{bit,abx},{and,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
+	{jsr,adr},{and_,idx},{jsr,ind},{jsr,iax},/* 20 */
+	{bit,zpg},{and_,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
+	{plp,imp},{and_,imm},{rol,acc},{tys,imp},
+	{bit,aba},{and_,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
+	{bmi,rel},{and_,idz},{and_,zpi},{bmi,rw2},/* 30 */
+	{bit,zpx},{and_,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
+	{sec,imp},{and_,aby},{dea,imp},{dez,imp},
+	{bit,abx},{and_,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
 	{rti,imp},{eor,idx},{neg,imp},{asr2,imp},/* 40 */
 	{asr2,zpg},{eor,zpg},{lsr,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
 	{pha,imp},{eor,imm},{lsr,acc},{taz,imp},
@@ -421,14 +421,14 @@ static const struct op6502_info op4510[256] = {
 	{trb,zpg},{ora,zpx},{asl,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
 	{clc,imp},{ora,aby},{ina,imp},{inz,imp},
 	{trb,aba},{ora,abx},{asl,abx},{bbr,zpb},
-	{jsr,adr},{and,idx},{jsr,ind},{jsr,iax},/* 20 */
-	{bit,zpg},{and,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
-	{plp,imp},{and,imm},{rol,acc},{tys,imp},
-	{bit,aba},{and,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
-	{bmi,rel},{and,idz},{and,zpi},{bmi,rw2},/* 30 */
-	{bit,zpx},{and,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
-	{sec,imp},{and,aby},{dea,imp},{dez,imp},
-	{bit,abx},{and,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
+	{jsr,adr},{and_,idx},{jsr,ind},{jsr,iax},/* 20 */
+	{bit,zpg},{and_,zpg},{rol,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
+	{plp,imp},{and_,imm},{rol,acc},{tys,imp},
+	{bit,aba},{and_,aba},{rol,aba},{bbr,zpb},
+	{bmi,rel},{and_,idz},{and_,zpi},{bmi,rw2},/* 30 */
+	{bit,zpx},{and_,zpx},{rol,zpx},{rmb,zpg},
+	{sec,imp},{and_,aby},{dea,imp},{dez,imp},
+	{bit,abx},{and_,abx},{rol,abx},{bbr,zpb},
 	{rti,imp},{eor,idx},{neg,imp},{asr2,imp},/* 40 */
 	{asr2,zpg},{eor,zpg},{lsr,zpg},{rmb,zpg},
 	{pha,imp},{eor,imm},{lsr,acc},{taz,imp},
@@ -491,14 +491,14 @@ static const struct op6502_info opdeco16[256] =
 	{ill,non},{ora,zpx},{asl,zpx},{ill,non},
 	{clc,imp},{ora,aby},{ill,non},{ill,non},
 	{ill,non},{ora,abx},{asl,abx},{ill,non},
-	{jsr,adr},{and,idx},{ill,non},{u23,zpg},/* 20 */
-	{bit,zpg},{and,zpg},{rol,zpg},{ill,non},
-	{plp,imp},{and,imm},{rol,acc},{ill,non},
-	{bit,aba},{and,aba},{rol,aba},{ill,non},
-	{bmi,rel},{and,idy},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 30 */
-	{ill,non},{and,zpx},{rol,zpx},{ill,non},
-	{sec,imp},{and,aby},{ill,non},{ill,non},
-	{ill,non},{and,abx},{rol,abx},{u3F,zpg},
+	{jsr,adr},{and_,idx},{ill,non},{u23,zpg},/* 20 */
+	{bit,zpg},{and_,zpg},{rol,zpg},{ill,non},
+	{plp,imp},{and_,imm},{rol,acc},{ill,non},
+	{bit,aba},{and_,aba},{rol,aba},{ill,non},
+	{bmi,rel},{and_,idy},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 30 */
+	{ill,non},{and_,zpx},{rol,zpx},{ill,non},
+	{sec,imp},{and_,aby},{ill,non},{ill,non},
+	{ill,non},{and_,abx},{rol,abx},{u3F,zpg},
 	{rti,imp},{eor,idx},{ill,non},{ill,non},/* 40 */
 	{ill,non},{eor,zpg},{lsr,zpg},{ill,non},
 	{pha,imp},{eor,imm},{lsr,acc},{u4B,zpg},
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m4510.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m4510.c
index 9402edb637a..c2cf3d7ae70 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m4510.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m4510.c
@@ -155,6 +155,15 @@ struct _m4510_Regs {
 	m6510_port_write_func port_write;
 };
 
+INLINE m4510_Regs *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M4510);
+	return (m4510_Regs *)device->token;
+}
+
 /***************************************************************
  * include the opcode macros, functions and tables
  ***************************************************************/
@@ -176,18 +185,18 @@ INLINE int m4510_cpu_readop_arg(m4510_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static UINT8 default_rdmem_id(const address_space *space, offs_t address)
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	return memory_read_byte_8le(space, M4510_MEM(address));
 }
 static void default_wrmem_id(const address_space *space, offs_t address, UINT8 data)
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	memory_write_byte_8le(space, M4510_MEM(address), data);
 }
 
 static CPU_INIT( m4510 )
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->interrupt_inhibit = 0;
 	cpustate->rdmem_id = default_rdmem_id;
@@ -199,7 +208,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m4510 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m4510 )
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->insn = insn4510;
 
@@ -253,7 +262,7 @@ INLINE void m4510_take_irq(m4510_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m4510 )
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -334,7 +343,7 @@ static UINT8 m4510_get_port(m4510_Regs *cpustate)
 static READ8_HANDLER( m4510_read_0000 )
 {
 	UINT8 result = 0x00;
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	switch(offset)
 	{
@@ -352,7 +361,7 @@ static READ8_HANDLER( m4510_read_0000 )
 
 static WRITE8_HANDLER( m4510_write_0000 )
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	switch(offset)
 	{
@@ -374,7 +383,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_TRANSLATE( m4510 )
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if (space == ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM)
 		*address = M4510_MEM(*address);
@@ -387,7 +396,7 @@ static CPU_TRANSLATE( m4510 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m4510 )
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -434,7 +443,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m4510 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m4510 )
 {
-	m4510_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m4510_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6502.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6502.c
index bca2c6af29c..b5b6a7c4188 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6502.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6502.c
@@ -91,6 +91,22 @@ struct _m6502_Regs
 
 };
 
+INLINE m6502_Regs *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6502 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6510 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6510T ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M7501 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M8502 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_N2A03 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M65C02 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M65SC02 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_DECO16);
+	return (m6502_Regs *)device->token;
+}
 
 static UINT8 default_rdmem_id(const address_space *space, offs_t offset) { return memory_read_byte_8le(space, offset); }
 static void default_wdmem_id(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT8 data) { memory_write_byte_8le(space, offset, data); }
@@ -132,7 +148,7 @@ static void default_wdmem_id(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT8 da
 
 static void m6502_common_init(const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback, UINT8 subtype, void (*const *insn)(m6502_Regs *cpustate), const char *type)
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -170,7 +186,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6502 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m6502 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	/* wipe out the rest of the m6502 structure */
 	/* read the reset vector into PC */
 	PCL = RDMEM(M6502_RST_VEC);
@@ -210,7 +226,7 @@ INLINE void m6502_take_irq(m6502_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m6502 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -322,7 +338,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( n2a03 )
    from the PSG core when such an occasion arises. */
 void n2a03_irq(const device_config *device)
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	m6502_take_irq(cpustate);
 }
@@ -341,7 +357,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6510 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m6510 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(m6502);
 	cpustate->port = 0xff;
@@ -355,7 +371,7 @@ static UINT8 m6510_get_port(m6502_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static READ8_HANDLER( m6510_read_0000 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	UINT8 result = 0x00;
 
 	switch(offset)
@@ -374,7 +390,7 @@ static READ8_HANDLER( m6510_read_0000 )
 
 static WRITE8_HANDLER( m6510_write_0000 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	switch(offset)
 	{
@@ -409,7 +425,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m65c02 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m65c02 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(m6502);
 	P &=~F_D;
@@ -436,7 +452,7 @@ INLINE void m65c02_take_irq(m6502_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m65c02 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -521,7 +537,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m65sc02 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( deco16 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	m6502_common_init(device, irqcallback, SUBTYPE_DECO16, insndeco16, "deco16");
 	cpustate->io = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_IO);
 }
@@ -529,7 +545,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( deco16 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( deco16 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(m6502);
 	cpustate->subtype = SUBTYPE_DECO16;
@@ -606,7 +622,7 @@ static void deco16_set_irq_line(m6502_Regs *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( deco16 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -659,7 +675,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( deco16 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m6502 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -693,7 +709,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m6502 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m6502 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -808,7 +824,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( n2a03 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m6510 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -822,7 +838,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m6510 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m6510 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -908,7 +924,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m8502 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m65c02 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -972,7 +988,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m65sc02 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( deco16 )
 {
-	m6502_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6502_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6509.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6509.c
index 8ca689fe926..de80b6b1e87 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6509.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m6509.c
@@ -86,6 +86,14 @@ struct _m6509_Regs {
 	m6502_write_indexed_func wrmem_id;					/* writemem callback for indexed instructions */
 };
 
+INLINE m6509_Regs *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6509);
+	return (m6509_Regs *)device->token;
+}
 
 /***************************************************************
  * include the opcode macros, functions and tables
@@ -132,7 +140,7 @@ static void default_wdmem_id(const address_space *space, offs_t address, UINT8 d
 
 static CPU_INIT( m6509 )
 {
-	m6509_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6509_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->rdmem_id = default_rdmem_id;
 	cpustate->wrmem_id = default_wdmem_id;
@@ -143,7 +151,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6509 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m6509 )
 {
-	m6509_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6509_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->insn = insn6509;
 
@@ -190,7 +198,7 @@ INLINE void m6509_take_irq(	m6509_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m6509 )
 {
-	m6509_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6509_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -280,7 +288,7 @@ static void m6509_set_irq_line(m6509_Regs *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m6509 )
 {
-	m6509_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6509_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -316,7 +324,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m6509 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m6509 )
 {
-	m6509_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m6509_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m65ce02.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m65ce02.c
index 4e2a4751f59..032e894aa9b 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m65ce02.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6502/m65ce02.c
@@ -80,6 +80,15 @@ struct 	_m65ce02_Regs {
 	m6502_write_indexed_func wrmem_id;					/* writemem callback for indexed instructions */
 };
 
+INLINE m65ce02_Regs *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M65CE02);
+	return (m65ce02_Regs *)device->token;
+}
+
 /***************************************************************
  * include the opcode macros, functions and tables
  ***************************************************************/
@@ -91,7 +100,7 @@ static void default_wdmem_id(const address_space *space, offs_t address, UINT8 d
 
 static CPU_INIT( m65ce02 )
 {
-	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->rdmem_id = default_rdmem_id;
 	cpustate->wrmem_id = default_wdmem_id;
@@ -102,7 +111,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m65ce02 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m65ce02 )
 {
-	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->insn = insn65ce02;
 
@@ -148,7 +157,7 @@ INLINE void m65ce02_take_irq(m65ce02_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m65ce02 )
 {
-	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -227,7 +236,7 @@ static void m65ce02_set_irq_line(m65ce02_Regs *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m65ce02 )
 {
-	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch( state )
  	{
@@ -260,7 +269,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m65ce02 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m65ce02 )
 {
-	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m65ce02_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch( state )
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6800/6800dasm.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6800/6800dasm.c
index 90c8cb50999..4e2e5dd9013 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6800/6800dasm.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6800/6800dasm.c
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ enum op_names {
 	oim,	ora,	orb,	psha,	pshb,	pshx,	pula,	pulb,
 	pulx,	rol,	rola,	rolb,	ror,	rora,	rorb,	rti,
 	rts,	sba,	sbca,	sbcb,	sec,	sev,	sta,	stb,
-	std,	sei,	sts,	stx,	suba,	subb,	subd,	swi,
+	_std,	sei,	sts,	stx,	suba,	subb,	subd,	swi,
 	wai,	tab,	tap,	tba,	tim,	tpa,	tst,	tsta,
 	tstb,	tsx,	txs,	asx1,	asx2,	xgdx,	addx,	adcx
 };
@@ -131,19 +131,19 @@ static const UINT8 table[0x102][3] = {
 	{subb,imb,0},{cmpb,imb,0},{sbcb,imb,0},{addd,imw,1},/* c0 */
 	{andb,imb,0},{bitb,imb,0},{ldb, imb,0},{stb, imb,0},
 	{eorb,imb,0},{adcb,imb,0},{orb, imb,0},{addb,imb,0},
-	{ldd, imw,1},{std, imw,1},{ldx, imw,0},{stx, imw,0},
+	{ldd, imw,1},{_std,imw,1},{ldx, imw,0},{stx, imw,0},
 	{subb,dir,0},{cmpb,dir,0},{sbcb,dir,0},{addd,dir,1},/* d0 */
 	{andb,dir,0},{bitb,dir,0},{ldb, dir,0},{stb, dir,0},
 	{eorb,dir,0},{adcb,dir,0},{orb, dir,0},{addb,dir,0},
-	{ldd, dir,1},{std, dir,1},{ldx, dir,0},{stx, dir,0},
+	{ldd, dir,1},{_std,dir,1},{ldx, dir,0},{stx, dir,0},
 	{subb,idx,0},{cmpb,idx,0},{sbcb,idx,0},{addd,idx,1},/* e0 */
 	{andb,idx,0},{bitb,idx,0},{ldb, idx,0},{stb, idx,0},
 	{eorb,idx,0},{adcb,idx,0},{orb, idx,0},{addb,idx,0},
-	{ldd, idx,1},{std, idx,1},{ldx, idx,0},{stx, idx,0},
+	{ldd, idx,1},{_std,idx,1},{ldx, idx,0},{stx, idx,0},
 	{subb,ext,0},{cmpb,ext,0},{sbcb,ext,0},{addd,ext,1},/* f0 */
 	{andb,ext,0},{bitb,ext,0},{ldb, ext,0},{stb, ext,0},
 	{eorb,ext,0},{adcb,ext,0},{orb, ext,0},{addb,ext,0},
-	{ldd, ext,1},{std, ext,1},{ldx, ext,0},{stx, ext,0},
+	{ldd, ext,1},{_std,ext,1},{ldx, ext,0},{stx, ext,0},
 
 	/* extra instruction $fc for NSC-8105 */
 	{addx,ext,0},
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6800/m6800.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6800/m6800.c
index 99495284d68..8126ab1a89a 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6800/m6800.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6800/m6800.c
@@ -152,7 +152,20 @@ struct _m6800_state
 
 };
 
-//static void *token; /* for READ8/WRITE8 handlers */
+INLINE m6800_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6800 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6801 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6802 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6803 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6808 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_HD63701 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_NSC8105);
+	return (m6800_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 #if 0
 static void hd63701_trap_pc(m6800_state *cpustate);
@@ -663,7 +676,7 @@ static int m6800_rx(m6800_state *cpustate)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK(m6800_tx_tick)
 {
-    m6800_state *cpustate = ptr;
+    m6800_state *cpustate = (m6800_state *)ptr;
 
 	if (cpustate->trcsr & M6800_TRCSR_TE)
 	{
@@ -737,7 +750,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK(m6800_tx_tick)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK(m6800_rx_tick)
 {
-    m6800_state *cpustate =ptr;
+    m6800_state *cpustate = (m6800_state *)ptr;
 
 	if (cpustate->trcsr & M6800_TRCSR_RE)
 	{
@@ -884,7 +897,7 @@ static void state_register(m6800_state *cpustate, const char *type)
 
 static CPU_INIT( m6800 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
 	cpustate->data = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_DATA);
@@ -900,7 +913,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6800 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m6800 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	SEI;				/* IRQ disabled */
 	PCD = RM16(cpustate,  0xfffe );
@@ -1242,7 +1255,7 @@ INLINE void m6800_execute_one(m6800_state *cpustate, UINT8 ireg)
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m6800 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8 ireg;
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -1276,7 +1289,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( m6800 )
 #if (HAS_M6801)
 static CPU_INIT( m6801 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 //  cpustate->subtype = SUBTYPE_M6801;
 	cpustate->insn = m6803_insn;
 	cpustate->cycles = cycles_6803;
@@ -1301,7 +1314,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6801 )
 #if (HAS_M6802)
 static CPU_INIT( m6802 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	//  cpustate->subtype   = SUBTYPE_M6802;
 	cpustate->insn = m6800_insn;
 	cpustate->cycles = cycles_6800;
@@ -1322,7 +1335,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6802 )
 #if (HAS_M6803)
 static CPU_INIT( m6803 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	//  cpustate->subtype = SUBTYPE_M6803;
 	cpustate->insn = m6803_insn;
 	cpustate->cycles = cycles_6803;
@@ -1614,7 +1627,7 @@ INLINE void m6803_execute_one(m6800_state *cpustate, UINT8 ireg)
 #if (HAS_M6803||HAS_M6801)
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m6803 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8 ireg;
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -1662,7 +1675,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 #if (HAS_M6808)
 static CPU_INIT( m6808 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	//  cpustate->subtype = SUBTYPE_M6808;
 	cpustate->insn = m6800_insn;
 	cpustate->cycles = cycles_6800;
@@ -1684,7 +1697,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6808 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( hd63701 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	//  cpustate->subtype = SUBTYPE_HD63701;
 	cpustate->insn = hd63701_insn;
 	cpustate->cycles = cycles_63701;
@@ -1974,7 +1987,7 @@ INLINE void hd63071_execute_one(m6800_state *cpustate, UINT8 ireg)
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( hd63701 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8 ireg;
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -2037,7 +2050,7 @@ WRITE8_HANDLER( hd63701_internal_registers_w )
 #if (HAS_NSC8105)
 static CPU_INIT( nsc8105 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	//  cpustate->subtype = SUBTYPE_NSC8105;
 	cpustate->device = device;
 
@@ -2322,7 +2335,7 @@ INLINE void nsc8105_execute_one(m6800_state *cpustate, UINT8 ireg)
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( nsc8105 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8 ireg;
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -2356,7 +2369,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( nsc8105 )
 
 static READ8_HANDLER( m6803_internal_registers_r )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	switch (offset)
 	{
@@ -2454,7 +2467,7 @@ static READ8_HANDLER( m6803_internal_registers_r )
 
 static WRITE8_HANDLER( m6803_internal_registers_w )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	switch (offset)
 	{
@@ -2650,7 +2663,7 @@ static WRITE8_HANDLER( m6803_internal_registers_w )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m6800 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -2678,7 +2691,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m6800 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m6800 )
 {
-	m6800_state *cpustate = device ? device->token : NULL;
+	m6800_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.c b/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.c
index fb07ab08602..ca093fc16ee 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.c
@@ -474,6 +474,20 @@ static const cpu_state_table state_table_template =
 
 
 
+INLINE m68ki_cpu_core *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M68000 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M68008 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M68010 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M68EC020 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M68020 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M68040);
+	return (m68ki_cpu_core *)device->token;
+}
+
 /* ======================================================================== */
 /* ================================= API ================================== */
 /* ======================================================================== */
@@ -504,7 +518,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(m68ki_cpu_core *m68k, int irqline, int state)
 
 static void m68k_presave(running_machine *machine, void *param)
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = param;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (m68ki_cpu_core *)param;
 	m68k->save_sr = m68ki_get_sr(m68k);
 	m68k->save_stopped = (m68k->stopped & STOP_LEVEL_STOP) != 0;
 	m68k->save_halted  = (m68k->stopped & STOP_LEVEL_HALT) != 0;
@@ -512,7 +526,7 @@ static void m68k_presave(running_machine *machine, void *param)
 
 static void m68k_postload(running_machine *machine, void *param)
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = param;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (m68ki_cpu_core *)param;
 	m68ki_set_sr_noint_nosp(m68k, m68k->save_sr);
 	m68k->stopped = m68k->save_stopped ? STOP_LEVEL_STOP : 0
 		        | m68k->save_halted  ? STOP_LEVEL_HALT : 0;
@@ -523,7 +537,7 @@ static void m68k_postload(running_machine *machine, void *param)
 /* Execute some instructions until we use up cycles clock cycles */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m68k )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* Set our pool of clock cycles available */
 	m68k->remaining_cycles = cycles;
@@ -572,7 +586,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( m68k )
 static CPU_INIT( m68k )
 {
 	static UINT32 emulation_initialized = 0;
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	m68k->device = device;
 	m68k->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
@@ -614,7 +628,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m68k )
 /* Pulse the RESET line on the CPU */
 static CPU_RESET( m68k )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* Clear all stop levels and eat up all remaining cycles */
 	m68k->stopped = 0;
@@ -650,7 +664,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( m68k )
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( m68k )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 	return m68k_disassemble_raw(buffer, pc, oprom, opram, m68k->dasm_type);
 }
 
@@ -662,7 +676,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( m68k )
 
 static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( m68k )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -700,7 +714,7 @@ static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( m68k )
 
 static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( m68k )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -728,7 +742,7 @@ static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( m68k )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m68k )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -754,7 +768,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m68k )
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( m68k )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	int sr;
 
 	switch (state)
@@ -832,7 +846,7 @@ static CPU_GET_INFO( m68k )
 
 void m68k_set_encrypted_opcode_range(const device_config *device, offs_t start, offs_t end)
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 	m68k->encrypted_start = start;
 	m68k->encrypted_end = end;
 }
@@ -866,7 +880,7 @@ static const m68k_memory_interface interface_d8 =
 
 static UINT16 read_immediate_16(const address_space *space, offs_t address)
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = space->cpu->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	return memory_decrypted_read_word(space, (address) ^ m68k->memory.opcode_xor);
 }
 
@@ -972,7 +986,7 @@ static const m68k_memory_interface interface_d32 =
 
 static CPU_INIT( m68000 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_INIT_CALL(m68k);
 
@@ -1015,7 +1029,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m68000 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( m68008 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_INIT_CALL(m68k);
 
@@ -1062,7 +1076,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m68008 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( m68010 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_INIT_CALL(m68k);
 
@@ -1105,7 +1119,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m68010 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( m68020 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_INIT_CALL(m68k);
 
@@ -1129,7 +1143,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m68020 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m68020 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	int sr;
 
 	switch (state)
@@ -1180,7 +1194,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m68020 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( m68ec020 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_INIT_CALL(m68k);
 
@@ -1225,7 +1239,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m68ec020 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( m68040 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = device->token;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_INIT_CALL(m68k);
 
@@ -1249,7 +1263,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m68040 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m68040 )
 {
-	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m68ki_cpu_core *m68k = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	int sr;
 
 	switch (state)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.h b/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.h
index 737e656367c..6431aa163bf 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kcpu.h
@@ -564,7 +564,6 @@ struct _m68ki_cpu_core
 	int  initial_cycles;
 	int  remaining_cycles;                     /* Number of clocks remaining */
 	UINT32 tracing;
-	UINT32 address_space;
 
 	jmp_buf aerr_trap;
 	UINT32    aerr_address;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kmake.c b/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kmake.c
index c0ad9d68a5b..c55595b6467 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kmake.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m68000/m68kmake.c
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ static void read_insert(char* insert)
 /* ============================= MAIN FUNCTION ============================ */
 /* ======================================================================== */
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	/* File stuff */
 	char output_path[M68K_MAX_DIR] = "";
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6805/m6805.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6805/m6805.c
index 0b130d299d3..018db023ce4 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6805/m6805.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6805/m6805.c
@@ -66,6 +66,17 @@ typedef struct
 	int		nmi_state;
 } m6805_Regs;
 
+INLINE m6805_Regs *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6805 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M68705 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_HD63705);
+	return (m6805_Regs *)device->token;
+}
+
 /****************************************************************************/
 /* Read a byte from given memory location                                   */
 /****************************************************************************/
@@ -452,7 +463,7 @@ static void state_register(m6805_Regs *cpustate, const char *type, const device_
 
 static CPU_INIT( m6805 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	state_register(cpustate, "m6805", device);
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
@@ -462,7 +473,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6805 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m6805 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback = cpustate->irq_callback;
 	memset(cpustate, 0, sizeof(m6805_Regs));
@@ -509,7 +520,7 @@ static void set_irq_line( m6805_Regs *cpustate,	int irqline, int state )
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m6805 )
 {
 	UINT8 ireg;
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	S = SP_ADJUST( S );		/* Taken from CPU_SET_CONTEXT when pointer'afying */
 	cpustate->iCount = cycles;
@@ -809,7 +820,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( m6805 )
 #if (HAS_M68705)
 static CPU_INIT( m68705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	state_register(cpustate, "m68705", device);
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -817,7 +828,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m68705 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( m68705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(m6805);
 
 	/* Overide default 6805 type */
@@ -840,7 +851,7 @@ static void m68705_set_irq_line(m6805_Regs *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 #if (HAS_HD63705)
 static CPU_INIT( hd63705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	state_register(cpustate, "hd63705", device);
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -848,7 +859,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( hd63705 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( hd63705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(m6805);
 
 	/* Overide default 6805 types */
@@ -886,7 +897,7 @@ static void hd63705_set_irq_line(m6805_Regs *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m6805 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -911,7 +922,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m6805 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m6805 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -993,7 +1004,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m6805 )
  **************************************************************************/
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m68705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch(state)
 	{
@@ -1006,7 +1017,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m68705 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m68705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1034,7 +1045,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( m68705 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( hd63705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1055,7 +1066,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( hd63705 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( hd63705 )
 {
-	m6805_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m6805_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6809/6809dasm.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6809/6809dasm.c
index 402da2c7db1..4f01040e0c9 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6809/6809dasm.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6809/6809dasm.c
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ CPU_DISASSEMBLE( m6809 )
 	const UINT8 *operandarray;
 	unsigned int ea, flags;
 	int numoperands, offset, indirect;
-	const m6809_config *configdata = device ? device->static_config : NULL;
+	const m6809_config *configdata = device ? (const m6809_config *)device->static_config : NULL;
 	int encrypt_only_first_byte = configdata ? configdata->encrypt_only_first_byte : 0;
 
 	int i, p = 0, page = 0, opcode_found = FALSE;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/m6809/m6809.c b/src/emu/cpu/m6809/m6809.c
index b39bbd0fb32..56d1f5e182a 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/m6809/m6809.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/m6809/m6809.c
@@ -110,6 +110,16 @@ struct _m68_state_t
 	UINT8	nmi_state;
 };
 
+INLINE m68_state_t *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6809 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_M6809E);
+	return (m68_state_t *)device->token;
+}
+
 static void check_irq_lines( m68_state_t *m68_state );
 static void IIError(m68_state_t *m68_state);
 
@@ -366,8 +376,8 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6809 )
 		0
 	};
 
-	const m6809_config *configdata = device->static_config ? device->static_config : &default_config;
-	m68_state_t *m68_state = device->token;
+	const m6809_config *configdata = device->static_config ? (const m6809_config *)device->static_config : &default_config;
+	m68_state_t *m68_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	m68_state->config = configdata;
 	m68_state->irq_callback = irqcallback;
@@ -397,7 +407,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( m6809 )
 /****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_RESET( m6809 )
 {
-	m68_state_t *m68_state = device->token;
+	m68_state_t *m68_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	m68_state->int_state = 0;
 	m68_state->nmi_state = CLEAR_LINE;
@@ -475,7 +485,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(m68_state_t *m68_state, int irqline, int state)
 /* execute instructions on this CPU until icount expires */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( m6809 )	/* NS 970908 */
 {
-	m68_state_t *m68_state = device->token;
+	m68_state_t *m68_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
     m68_state->icount = cycles - m68_state->extra_cycles;
 	m68_state->extra_cycles = 0;
@@ -1060,7 +1070,7 @@ INLINE void fetch_effective_address( m68_state_t *m68_state )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( m6809 )
 {
-	m68_state_t *m68_state = device->token;
+	m68_state_t *m68_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1091,7 +1101,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( m6809 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( m6809 )
 {
-	m68_state_t *m68_state = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	m68_state_t *m68_state = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mb86233/mb86233.c b/src/emu/cpu/mb86233/mb86233.c
index 102df4b1434..ee2f8886026 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mb86233/mb86233.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mb86233/mb86233.c
@@ -62,6 +62,15 @@ struct _mb86233_state
 	UINT32			*Tables;
 };
 
+INLINE mb86233_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MB86233);
+	return (mb86233_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 /***************************************************************************
     MACROS
 ***************************************************************************/
@@ -95,7 +104,7 @@ struct _mb86233_state
 
 static CPU_INIT( mb86233 )
 {
-	mb86233_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb86233_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	mb86233_cpu_core * _config = (mb86233_cpu_core *)device->static_config;
 	(void)irqcallback;
 
@@ -109,7 +118,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( mb86233 )
 		cpustate->fifo_write_cb = _config->fifo_write_cb;
 	}
 
-	cpustate->RAM = auto_malloc(2 * 0x200 * sizeof(UINT32));		/* 2x 2KB */
+	cpustate->RAM = (UINT32 *)auto_malloc(2 * 0x200 * sizeof(UINT32));		/* 2x 2KB */
 	memset( cpustate->RAM, 0, 2 * 0x200 * sizeof(UINT32) );
 	cpustate->ARAM = &cpustate->RAM[0];
 	cpustate->BRAM = &cpustate->RAM[0x200];
@@ -120,7 +129,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( mb86233 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( mb86233 )
 {
-	mb86233_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb86233_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* zero registers and flags */
 	cpustate->pc = 0;
@@ -928,7 +937,7 @@ static UINT32 INDIRECT( mb86233_state *cpustate, UINT32 reg, int source )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( mb86233 )
 {
-	mb86233_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb86233_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -1568,7 +1577,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( mb86233 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( mb86233 )
 {
-	mb86233_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb86233_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1609,7 +1618,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( mb86233 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( mb86233 )
 {
-	mb86233_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	mb86233_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mb88xx/mb88xx.c b/src/emu/cpu/mb88xx/mb88xx.c
index 84f4a964a5c..50bc8a15d34 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mb88xx/mb88xx.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mb88xx/mb88xx.c
@@ -60,6 +60,19 @@ struct _mb88_state
     int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE mb88_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MB88 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MB8841 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MB8842 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MB8843 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MB8844);
+	return (mb88_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 /***************************************************************************
     MACROS
 ***************************************************************************/
@@ -99,7 +112,7 @@ struct _mb88_state
 
 static CPU_INIT( mb88 )
 {
-	mb88_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb88_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if ( device->static_config )
 	{
@@ -138,7 +151,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( mb88 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( mb88 )
 {
-	mb88_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb88_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* zero registers and flags */
 	cpustate->PC = 0;
@@ -216,7 +229,7 @@ static void update_pio( mb88_state *cpustate )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( mb88 )
 {
-	mb88_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb88_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -737,7 +750,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( mb88 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( mb88 )
 {
-	mb88_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	mb88_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -776,7 +789,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( mb88 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( mb88 )
 {
-	mb88_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	mb88_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mc68hc11/mc68hc11.c b/src/emu/cpu/mc68hc11/mc68hc11.c
index c02a4552858..19c9953709c 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mc68hc11/mc68hc11.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mc68hc11/mc68hc11.c
@@ -63,6 +63,15 @@ struct _hc11_state
 	int internal_ram_size;
 };
 
+INLINE hc11_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MC68HC11);
+	return (hc11_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #define HC11OP(XX)		hc11_##XX
 
 /*****************************************************************************/
@@ -316,7 +325,7 @@ static void (*hc11_optable_page4[256])(hc11_state *cpustate);
 
 static CPU_INIT( hc11 )
 {
-	hc11_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	hc11_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 
 	/* clear the opcode tables */
@@ -347,7 +356,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( hc11 )
 	}
 
 	cpustate->internal_ram_size = 1280;		/* FIXME: this is for MC68HC11M0 */
-	cpustate->internal_ram = auto_malloc(cpustate->internal_ram_size);
+	cpustate->internal_ram = (UINT8 *)auto_malloc(cpustate->internal_ram_size);
 
 	cpustate->reg_position = 0;
 	cpustate->ram_position = 0x100;
@@ -359,7 +368,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( hc11 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( hc11 )
 {
-	hc11_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	hc11_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->pc = READ16(cpustate, 0xfffe);
 }
 
@@ -370,7 +379,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( hc11 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( hc11 )
 {
-	hc11_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	hc11_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -392,7 +401,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( hc11 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( mc68hc11 )
 {
-	hc11_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	hc11_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -409,7 +418,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( mc68hc11 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( mc68hc11 )
 {
-	hc11_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	hc11_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch(state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mcs48/mcs48.c b/src/emu/cpu/mcs48/mcs48.c
index 5768fa8cb63..c41d023c34f 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mcs48/mcs48.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mcs48/mcs48.c
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ INLINE UINT8 argument_fetch(mcs48_state *cpustate)
 
 INLINE void update_regptr(mcs48_state *cpustate)
 {
-	cpustate->regptr = memory_get_write_ptr(cpustate->data, (cpustate->psw & B_FLAG) ? 24 : 0);
+	cpustate->regptr = (UINT8 *)memory_get_write_ptr(cpustate->data, (cpustate->psw & B_FLAG) ? 24 : 0);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mcs51/mcs51.c b/src/emu/cpu/mcs51/mcs51.c
index 5ea928f4ed5..67dc4a59e97 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mcs51/mcs51.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mcs51/mcs51.c
@@ -687,8 +687,8 @@ INLINE UINT8 r_psw(mcs51_state_t *mcs51_state) { return SFR_A(ADDR_PSW); }
 
 INLINE void update_ptrs(mcs51_state_t *mcs51_state)
 {
-	mcs51_state->internal_ram = memory_get_write_ptr(mcs51_state->data, 0x00);
-	mcs51_state->sfr_ram = memory_get_write_ptr(mcs51_state->data, 0x100);
+	mcs51_state->internal_ram = (UINT8 *)memory_get_write_ptr(mcs51_state->data, 0x00);
+	mcs51_state->sfr_ram = (UINT8 *)memory_get_write_ptr(mcs51_state->data, 0x100);
 }
 
 
@@ -2381,7 +2381,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( ds5002fp )
 {
 	/* default configuration */
 	static const ds5002fp_config default_config = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
-	const ds5002fp_config *sconfig = device->static_config ? device->static_config : &default_config;
+	const ds5002fp_config *sconfig = device->static_config ? (const ds5002fp_config *)device->static_config : &default_config;
 	mcs51_state_t *mcs51_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_INIT_CALL( mcs51 );
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3com.c b/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3com.c
index 835c4768121..5407a5a297d 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3com.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3com.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ INLINE int tlb_entry_is_global(const mips3_tlb_entry *entry)
 
 void mips3com_init(mips3_state *mips, mips3_flavor flavor, int bigendian, const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback)
 {
-	const mips3_config *config = device->static_config;
+	const mips3_config *config = (const mips3_config *)device->static_config;
 	int tlbindex;
 
 	/* initialize based on the config */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3drc.c b/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3drc.c
index 49b62b91785..b81c742d18a 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3drc.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3drc.c
@@ -274,6 +274,31 @@ static const UINT8 fpmode_source[4] =
     INLINE FUNCTIONS
 ***************************************************************************/
 
+INLINE mips3_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_VR4300BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_VR4300LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_VR4310BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_VR4310LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R4600BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R4600LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R4650BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R4650LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R4700BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R4700LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R5000BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R5000LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_QED5271BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_QED5271LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_RM7000BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_RM7000LE);
+	return *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+}
+
+
 /*-------------------------------------------------
     epc - compute the exception PC from a
     descriptor
@@ -352,19 +377,19 @@ static void mips3_init(mips3_flavor flavor, int bigendian, const device_config *
 	int regnum;
 
 	/* allocate enough space for the cache and the core */
-	cache = drccache_alloc(CACHE_SIZE + sizeof(*mips3));
+	cache = (drccache *)drccache_alloc(CACHE_SIZE + sizeof(*mips3));
 	if (cache == NULL)
 		fatalerror("Unable to allocate cache of size %d", (UINT32)(CACHE_SIZE + sizeof(*mips3)));
 
 	/* allocate the core memory */
-	*(mips3_state **)device->token = mips3 = drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*mips3));
+	*(mips3_state **)device->token = mips3 = (mips3_state *)drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*mips3));
 	memset(mips3, 0, sizeof(*mips3));
 
 	/* initialize the core */
 	mips3com_init(mips3, flavor, bigendian, device, irqcallback);
 
 	/* allocate the implementation-specific state from the full cache */
-	mips3->impstate = drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*mips3->impstate));
+	mips3->impstate = (mips3imp_state *)drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*mips3->impstate));
 	memset(mips3->impstate, 0, sizeof(*mips3->impstate));
 	mips3->impstate->cache = cache;
 
@@ -471,7 +496,7 @@ static void mips3_init(mips3_flavor flavor, int bigendian, const device_config *
 
 static CPU_RESET( mips3 )
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* reset the common code and mark the cache dirty */
 	mips3com_reset(mips3);
@@ -487,7 +512,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( mips3 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( mips3 )
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 	drcuml_state *drcuml = mips3->impstate->drcuml;
 	int execute_result;
 
@@ -524,7 +549,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( mips3 )
 
 static CPU_EXIT( mips3 )
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 	mips3com_exit(mips3);
 
 	/* clean up the DRC */
@@ -541,7 +566,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( mips3 )
 
 static CPU_TRANSLATE( mips3 )
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 	return mips3com_translate_address(mips3, space, intention, address);
 }
 
@@ -552,7 +577,7 @@ static CPU_TRANSLATE( mips3 )
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( mips3 )
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 	return mips3com_dasm(mips3, buffer, pc, oprom, opram);
 }
 
@@ -564,7 +589,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( mips3 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( mips3 )
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* --- everything is handled generically --- */
 	mips3com_set_info(mips3, state, info);
@@ -578,7 +603,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( mips3 )
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( mips3 )
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? *(mips3_state **)device->token : NULL;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -609,7 +634,7 @@ static CPU_GET_INFO( mips3 )
 
 void mips3drc_set_options(const device_config *device, UINT32 options)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 	mips3->impstate->drcoptions = options;
 }
 
@@ -621,7 +646,7 @@ void mips3drc_set_options(const device_config *device, UINT32 options)
 
 void mips3drc_add_fastram(const device_config *device, offs_t start, offs_t end, UINT8 readonly, void *base)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 	if (mips3->impstate->fastram_select < ARRAY_LENGTH(mips3->impstate->fastram))
 	{
 		mips3->impstate->fastram[mips3->impstate->fastram_select].start = start;
@@ -639,7 +664,7 @@ void mips3drc_add_fastram(const device_config *device, offs_t start, offs_t end,
 
 void mips3drc_add_hotspot(const device_config *device, offs_t pc, UINT32 opcode, UINT32 cycles)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = *(mips3_state **)device->token;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = get_safe_token(device);
 	if (mips3->impstate->hotspot_select < ARRAY_LENGTH(mips3->impstate->hotspot))
 	{
 		mips3->impstate->hotspot[mips3->impstate->hotspot_select].pc = pc;
@@ -822,7 +847,7 @@ static void code_compile_block(mips3_state *mips3, UINT8 mode, offs_t pc)
 
 static void cfunc_get_cycles(void *param)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = param;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = (mips3_state *)param;
 	mips3->impstate->numcycles = cpu_get_total_cycles(mips3->device);
 }
 
@@ -834,7 +859,7 @@ static void cfunc_get_cycles(void *param)
 
 static void cfunc_printf_exception(void *param)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = param;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = (mips3_state *)param;
 	printf("Exception: EPC=%08X Cause=%08X BadVAddr=%08X Jmp=%08X\n", (UINT32)mips3->cpr[0][COP0_EPC], (UINT32)mips3->cpr[0][COP0_Cause], (UINT32)mips3->cpr[0][COP0_BadVAddr], mips3->pc);
 	cfunc_printf_probe(mips3);
 }
@@ -847,7 +872,7 @@ static void cfunc_printf_exception(void *param)
 
 static void cfunc_printf_debug(void *param)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = param;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = (mips3_state *)param;
 	printf(mips3->impstate->format, mips3->impstate->arg0, mips3->impstate->arg1);
 }
 
@@ -859,7 +884,7 @@ static void cfunc_printf_debug(void *param)
 
 static void cfunc_printf_probe(void *param)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = param;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = (mips3_state *)param;
 
 	printf(" PC=%08X          r1=%08X%08X  r2=%08X%08X  r3=%08X%08X\n",
 		mips3->pc,
@@ -914,7 +939,7 @@ static void cfunc_printf_probe(void *param)
 
 static void cfunc_unimplemented(void *param)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips3 = param;
+	mips3_state *mips3 = (mips3_state *)param;
 	UINT32 opcode = mips3->impstate->arg0;
 	fatalerror("PC=%08X: Unimplemented op %08X (%02X,%02X)", mips3->pc, opcode, opcode >> 26, opcode & 0x3f);
 }
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3fe.c b/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3fe.c
index 0bfae1d7171..80894904ba9 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3fe.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mips/mips3fe.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static int describe_instruction_cop2(mips3_state *mips, UINT32 op, opcode_desc *
 
 int mips3fe_describe(void *param, opcode_desc *desc, const opcode_desc *prev)
 {
-	mips3_state *mips = param;
+	mips3_state *mips = (mips3_state *)param;
 	UINT32 op, opswitch;
 
 	/* compute the physical PC */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mips/psx.c b/src/emu/cpu/mips/psx.c
index d7dcc95d4fd..ead4e8eb7e0 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mips/psx.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mips/psx.c
@@ -193,6 +193,15 @@ struct _psxcpu_state
 	UINT32 bad_word_address_mask;
 };
 
+INLINE psxcpu_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PSXCPU);
+	return (psxcpu_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 static const UINT32 mips_mtc0_writemask[]=
 {
 	0x00000000, /* !INDEX */
@@ -1278,7 +1287,7 @@ static void mips_update_address_masks( psxcpu_state *psxcpu )
 
 static READ32_HANDLER( psx_berr_r )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = space->cpu->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	psxcpu->berr = 1;
 
@@ -1287,14 +1296,14 @@ static READ32_HANDLER( psx_berr_r )
 
 static WRITE32_HANDLER( psx_berr_w )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = space->cpu->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	psxcpu->berr = 1;
 }
 
 static void mips_update_scratchpad( const address_space *space )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = space->cpu->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	if( ( psxcpu->biu & BIU_RAM ) == 0 )
 	{
@@ -1302,11 +1311,11 @@ static void mips_update_scratchpad( const address_space *space )
 	}
 	else if( ( psxcpu->biu & BIU_DS ) == 0 )
 	{
-		memory_install_readwrite32_handler( space, 0x1f800000, 0x1f8003ff, 0, 0, psx_berr_r, SMH_NOP );
+		memory_install_readwrite32_handler( space, 0x1f800000, 0x1f8003ff, 0, 0, psx_berr_r, (write32_space_func)SMH_NOP );
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		memory_install_readwrite32_handler( space, 0x1f800000, 0x1f8003ff, 0, 0, SMH_BANK32, SMH_BANK32 );
+		memory_install_readwrite32_handler( space, 0x1f800000, 0x1f8003ff, 0, 0, (read32_space_func)SMH_BANK32, (write32_space_func)SMH_BANK32 );
 
 		memory_set_bankptr(space->machine,  32, psxcpu->dcache );
 	}
@@ -1590,7 +1599,7 @@ INLINE int mips_store_data_address_breakpoint( psxcpu_state *psxcpu, UINT32 addr
 
 static STATE_POSTLOAD( mips_postload )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = param;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = (psxcpu_state *)param;
 
 	mips_update_memory_handlers( psxcpu );
 	mips_update_address_masks( psxcpu );
@@ -1599,7 +1608,7 @@ static STATE_POSTLOAD( mips_postload )
 
 static void mips_state_register( const char *type, const device_config *device )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = device->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	state_save_register_device_item( device, 0, psxcpu->op );
 	state_save_register_device_item( device, 0, psxcpu->pc );
@@ -1623,7 +1632,7 @@ static void mips_state_register( const char *type, const device_config *device )
 
 static CPU_INIT( psxcpu )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = device->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(device);
 //  psxcpu->intf = (psxcpu_interface *) device->static_config;
 
 	psxcpu->irq_callback = irqcallback;
@@ -1635,7 +1644,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( psxcpu )
 
 static CPU_RESET( psxcpu )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = device->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	psxcpu->delayr = 0;
 	psxcpu->delayv = 0;
@@ -1838,7 +1847,7 @@ static void mips_bc( psxcpu_state *psxcpu, int cop, int sr_cu, int condition )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( psxcpu )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = device->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	psxcpu->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -2896,14 +2905,14 @@ static void set_irq_line( psxcpu_state *psxcpu, int irqline, int state )
 
 static READ32_HANDLER( psx_biu_r )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = space->cpu->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	return psxcpu->biu;
 }
 
 static WRITE32_HANDLER( psx_biu_w )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = space->cpu->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	UINT32 old = psxcpu->biu;
 
 	COMBINE_DATA( &psxcpu->biu );
@@ -2941,7 +2950,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( psxcpu )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = device->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(device);
 	DasmPSXCPU_state state;
 
 	state.pc = psxcpu->pc;
@@ -5960,7 +5969,7 @@ static void docop2( psxcpu_state *psxcpu, int gteop )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( psxcpu )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = device->token;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -6102,7 +6111,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( psxcpu )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( psxcpu )
 {
-	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	psxcpu_state *psxcpu = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/mips/r3000.c b/src/emu/cpu/mips/r3000.c
index 4200307d8b1..d5120d66d70 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/mips/r3000.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/mips/r3000.c
@@ -159,6 +159,17 @@ struct _r3000_state
 	size_t		dcache_size;
 };
 
+INLINE r3000_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R3000BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R3000LE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R3041BE ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_R3041LE);
+	return (r3000_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 
 /***************************************************************************
@@ -286,12 +297,12 @@ static void set_irq_line(r3000_state *r3000, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_INIT( r3000 )
 {
-	const r3000_cpu_core *configdata = device->static_config;
-	r3000_state *r3000 = device->token;
+	const r3000_cpu_core *configdata = (const r3000_cpu_core *)device->static_config;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* allocate memory */
-	r3000->icache = auto_malloc(configdata->icache);
-	r3000->dcache = auto_malloc(configdata->dcache);
+	r3000->icache = (UINT32 *)auto_malloc(configdata->icache);
+	r3000->dcache = (UINT32 *)auto_malloc(configdata->dcache);
 
 	r3000->icache_size = configdata->icache;
 	r3000->dcache_size = configdata->dcache;
@@ -340,12 +351,12 @@ static void r3000_reset(r3000_state *r3000, int bigendian)
 
 static CPU_RESET( r3000be )
 {
-	r3000_reset(device->token, 1);
+	r3000_reset(get_safe_token(device), 1);
 }
 
 static CPU_RESET( r3000le )
 {
-	r3000_reset(device->token, 0);
+	r3000_reset(get_safe_token(device), 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -677,7 +688,7 @@ INLINE void handle_cop3(r3000_state *r3000, UINT32 op)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( r3000 )
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = device->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* count cycles and interrupt cycles */
 	r3000->icount = cycles;
@@ -902,84 +913,84 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( r3000le )
 
 static UINT8 readcache_be(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	return (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) ? r3000->cache[BYTE4_XOR_BE(offset)] : 0xff;
 }
 
 static UINT16 readcache_be_word(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	return (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) ? *(UINT16 *)&r3000->cache[WORD_XOR_BE(offset)] : 0xffff;
 }
 
 static UINT32 readcache_be_dword(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	return (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) ? *(UINT32 *)&r3000->cache[offset] : 0xffffffff;
 }
 
 static void writecache_be(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT8 data)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	if (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) r3000->cache[BYTE4_XOR_BE(offset)] = data;
 }
 
 static void writecache_be_word(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT16 data)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	if (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) *(UINT16 *)&r3000->cache[WORD_XOR_BE(offset)] = data;
 }
 
 static void writecache_be_dword(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT32 data)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	if (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) *(UINT32 *)&r3000->cache[offset] = data;
 }
 
 static UINT8 readcache_le(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	return (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) ? r3000->cache[BYTE4_XOR_LE(offset)] : 0xff;
 }
 
 static UINT16 readcache_le_word(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	return (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) ? *(UINT16 *)&r3000->cache[WORD_XOR_LE(offset)] : 0xffff;
 }
 
 static UINT32 readcache_le_dword(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	return (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) ? *(UINT32 *)&r3000->cache[offset] : 0xffffffff;
 }
 
 static void writecache_le(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT8 data)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	if (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) r3000->cache[BYTE4_XOR_LE(offset)] = data;
 }
 
 static void writecache_le_word(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT16 data)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	if (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) *(UINT16 *)&r3000->cache[WORD_XOR_LE(offset)] = data;
 }
 
 static void writecache_le_dword(const address_space *space, offs_t offset, UINT32 data)
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = space->cpu->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	offset &= 0x1fffffff;
 	if (offset * 4 < r3000->cache_size) *(UINT32 *)&r3000->cache[offset] = data;
 }
@@ -1109,7 +1120,7 @@ static void swr_le(r3000_state *r3000, UINT32 op)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( r3000 )
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = device->token;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -1168,7 +1179,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( r3000 )
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( r3000 )
 {
-	r3000_state *r3000 = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	r3000_state *r3000 = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/nec/nec.c b/src/emu/cpu/nec/nec.c
index bc88b788528..330c4780958 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/nec/nec.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/nec/nec.c
@@ -180,6 +180,19 @@ struct _nec_state_t
 
 };
 
+INLINE nec_state_t *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V20 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V25 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V30 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V33 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V35);
+	return (nec_state_t *)device->token;
+}
+
 /* The interrupt number of a pending external interrupt pending NMI is 2.   */
 /* For INTR interrupts, the level is caught on the bus during an INTA cycle */
 
@@ -267,7 +280,7 @@ static UINT8 fetchop(nec_state_t *nec_state)
 
 static CPU_RESET( nec )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 	unsigned int i,j,c;
     static const BREGS reg_name[8]={ AL, CL, DL, BL, AH, CH, DH, BH };
 
@@ -1082,15 +1095,15 @@ static void set_poll_line(nec_state_t *nec_state, int state)
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( nec )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	return necv_dasm_one(buffer, pc, oprom, nec_state->config);
 }
 
 static void nec_init(const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback, int type)
 {
-	const nec_config *config = device->static_config ? device->static_config : &default_config;
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	const nec_config *config = device->static_config ? (const nec_config *)device->static_config : &default_config;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	nec_state->config = config;
 
@@ -1179,7 +1192,7 @@ static void configure_memory_16bit(nec_state_t *nec_state)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( necv )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 	int prev_ICount;
 
 	nec_state->icount=cycles;
@@ -1210,7 +1223,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( necv )
 #if (HAS_V20||HAS_V25)
 static CPU_INIT( v20 )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	nec_init(device, irqcallback, 0);
 	configure_memory_8bit(nec_state);
@@ -1223,7 +1236,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( v20 )
 #if (HAS_V30||HAS_V35)
 static CPU_INIT( v30 )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	nec_init(device, irqcallback, 1);
 	configure_memory_16bit(nec_state);
@@ -1237,7 +1250,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( v30 )
 #if (HAS_V33)
 static CPU_INIT( v33 )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	nec_init(device, irqcallback, 2);
 	nec_state->chip_type=V33;
@@ -1259,7 +1272,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( v33 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( nec )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = device->token;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1317,7 +1330,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( nec )
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( nec )
 {
-	nec_state_t *nec_state = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	nec_state_t *nec_state = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	int flags;
 
 	switch (state)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/pdp1.c b/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/pdp1.c
index 1f1895073be..b895c994b9c 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/pdp1.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/pdp1.c
@@ -421,6 +421,15 @@ struct _pdp1_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE pdp1_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PDP1);
+	return (pdp1_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 static void execute_instruction(pdp1_state *cpustate);
 static void null_iot (const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int *io, int ac);
 static void lem_eem_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int *io, int ac);
@@ -529,8 +538,8 @@ static void pdp1_set_irq_line (pdp1_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_INIT( pdp1 )
 {
-	const pdp1_reset_param_t *param = device->static_config;
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	const pdp1_reset_param_t *param = (const pdp1_reset_param_t *)device->static_config;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 
 	/* clean-up */
@@ -611,7 +620,7 @@ static const char instruction_kind[32] =
 /* execute instructions on this CPU until icount expires */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( pdp1 )
 {
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -859,7 +868,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( pdp1 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( pdp1 )
 {
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -927,7 +936,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( pdp1 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( pdp1 )
 {
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1696,7 +1705,7 @@ no_fetch:
 */
 static void null_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int *io, int ac)
 {
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	/* Note that the dummy IOT 0 is used to wait for the completion pulse
     generated by the a pending IOT (IOT with completion pulse but no IO wait) */
 	if (LOG_IOT_EXTRA)
@@ -1719,7 +1728,7 @@ static void null_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int
 */
 static void lem_eem_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int *io, int ac)
 {
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	if (! cpustate->extend_support)	/* extend mode supported? */
 	{
 		if (LOG)
@@ -1743,7 +1752,7 @@ static void lem_eem_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, i
 */
 static void sbs_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int *io, int ac)
 {
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (op2)
 	{
 	case 054:	/* LSM */
@@ -1787,7 +1796,7 @@ static void sbs_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int *
 */
 static void type_20_sbs_iot(const device_config *device, int op2, int nac, int mb, int *io, int ac)
 {
-	pdp1_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pdp1_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int channel, mask;
 	if (! cpustate->type_20_sbs)	/* type 20 sequence break system supported? */
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/tx0.c b/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/tx0.c
index e2355f92459..14251fa8a3c 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/tx0.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/pdp1/tx0.c
@@ -68,6 +68,15 @@ struct _tx0_state
 	const address_space *program;
 };
 
+INLINE tx0_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TX0_64KW ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TX0_8KW);
+	return (tx0_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 #define READ_TX0_18BIT(A) ((signed)memory_read_dword_32be(cpustate->program, (A)<<2))
 #define WRITE_TX0_18BIT(A,V) (memory_write_dword_32be(cpustate->program, (A)<<2,(V)))
@@ -120,10 +129,10 @@ static void tx0_write(tx0_state *cpustate, offs_t address, int data)
 
 static void tx0_init_common(int is_64kw, const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback)
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* clean-up */
-	cpustate->iface = device->static_config;
+	cpustate->iface = (const tx0_reset_param_t *)device->static_config;
 
 	cpustate->address_mask = is_64kw ? ADDRESS_MASK_64KW : ADDRESS_MASK_8KW;
 	cpustate->ir_mask = is_64kw ? 03 : 037;
@@ -144,7 +153,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tx0_8kw)
 
 static CPU_RESET( tx0 )
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* reset CPU flip-flops */
 	pulse_reset(device);
@@ -155,7 +164,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( tx0 )
 /* execute instructions on this CPU until icount expires */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tx0_64kw )
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -265,7 +274,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( tx0_64kw )
 /* execute instructions on this CPU until icount expires */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tx0_8kw )
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -375,7 +384,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( tx0_8kw )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tx0 )
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -426,7 +435,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( tx0 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tx0_64kw )
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = ( device != NULL ) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = ( device != NULL && device->token != NULL ) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -552,7 +561,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( tx0_64kw )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tx0_8kw )
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = ( device != NULL ) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = ( device != NULL && device->token != NULL ) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -680,7 +689,7 @@ CPU_GET_INFO( tx0_8kw )
 /* execute one instruction */
 static void execute_instruction_64kw(const device_config *device)
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if (! cpustate->cycle)
 	{
@@ -779,13 +788,13 @@ static void execute_instruction_64kw(const device_config *device)
 			if ((MAR & 0000104) == 0000100)
 				/* (1.1) PEN = Read the light pen flip-flops 1 and 2 into AC(0) and
                     AC(1). */
-				/*...*/;
+				/*...*/{ }
 
 			if ((MAR & 0000104) == 0000004)
 				/* (1.1) TAC = Insert a one in each digital position of the AC
                     wherever there is a one in the corresponding digital position
                     of the TAC. */
-				/*...*/;
+				/*...*/ { }
 
 			if (MAR & 0000040)
 				/* (1.2) COM = Complement every digit in the accumulator */
@@ -797,7 +806,7 @@ static void execute_instruction_64kw(const device_config *device)
 
 			if ((MAR & 0000003) == 3)
 				/* (1.2) TBR = Store the contents of the TBR in the MBR. */
-				/*...*/;
+				/*...*/ { }
 
 			if ((MAR & 0000003) == 2)
 				/* (1.3) LMB = Store the contents of the LR in the MBR. */
@@ -871,7 +880,7 @@ static void indexed_address_eval(tx0_state *cpustate)
 /* execute one instruction */
 static void execute_instruction_8kw(const device_config *device)
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if (! cpustate->cycle)
 	{
@@ -1277,7 +1286,7 @@ static void execute_instruction_8kw(const device_config *device)
 */
 static void pulse_reset(const device_config *device)
 {
-	tx0_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tx0_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* processor registers */
 	PC = 0;			/* ??? */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/pic16c5x/pic16c5x.c b/src/emu/cpu/pic16c5x/pic16c5x.c
index 0f1d074d461..94f1e156ced 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/pic16c5x/pic16c5x.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/pic16c5x/pic16c5x.c
@@ -104,6 +104,18 @@ struct _pic16c5x_state
 	const	address_space *io;
 };
 
+INLINE pic16c5x_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PIC16C54 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PIC16C55 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PIC16C56 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PIC16C57 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PIC16C58);
+	return (pic16c5x_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 /* opcode table entry */
 typedef struct _pic16c5x_opcode pic16c5x_opcode;
@@ -734,7 +746,7 @@ static const pic16c5x_opcode_00x opcode_00x[16]=
 
 static CPU_INIT( pic16c5x )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->W);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->ALU);
@@ -805,7 +817,7 @@ static void pic16c5x_soft_reset(pic16c5x_state *cpustate)
 
 void pic16c5x_set_config(const device_config *cpu, int data)
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = cpu->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(cpu);
 
 	logerror("Writing %04x to the PIC16C5x config register\n",data);
 	cpustate->temp_config = (data & 0xfff);
@@ -889,7 +901,7 @@ static void pic16c5x_update_timer(pic16c5x_state *cpustate, int counts)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( pic16c5x )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int T0_in;
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -964,7 +976,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( pic16c5x )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( pic16c5x )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -998,7 +1010,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( pic16c5x )
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( pic16c5x )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1118,7 +1130,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_RESET( pic16c54 )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->picmodel = 0x16C54;
 	cpustate->picRAMmask = 0x1f;
@@ -1172,7 +1184,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_RESET( pic16c55 )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->picmodel = 0x16C55;
 	cpustate->picRAMmask = 0x1f;
@@ -1226,7 +1238,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_RESET( pic16c56 )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->picmodel = 0x16C56;
 	cpustate->picRAMmask = 0x1f;
@@ -1285,7 +1297,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_RESET( pic16c57 )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->picmodel = 0x16C57;
 	cpustate->picRAMmask = 0x7f;
@@ -1345,7 +1357,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_RESET( pic16c58 )
 {
-	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	pic16c5x_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->picmodel = 0x16C58;
 	cpustate->picRAMmask = 0x7f;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppccom.c b/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppccom.c
index def931e4ad5..b01adce2c10 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppccom.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppccom.c
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ INLINE void set_decrementer(powerpc_state *ppc, UINT32 newdec)
 
 void ppccom_init(powerpc_state *ppc, powerpc_flavor flavor, UINT8 cap, int tb_divisor, const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback)
 {
-	const powerpc_config *config = device->static_config;
+	const powerpc_config *config = (const powerpc_config *)device->static_config;
 
 	/* initialize based on the config */
 	memset(ppc, 0, sizeof(*ppc));
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ static UINT32 ppccom_translate_address_internal(powerpc_state *ppc, int intentio
 	for (hashnum = 0; hashnum < 2; hashnum++)
 	{
 		offs_t ptegaddr = hashbase | ((hash << 6) & hashmask);
-		UINT32 *ptegptr = memory_get_read_ptr(ppc->program, ptegaddr);
+		UINT32 *ptegptr = (UINT32 *)memory_get_read_ptr(ppc->program, ptegaddr);
 
 		/* should only have valid memory here, but make sure */
 		if (ptegptr != NULL)
@@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ void ppccom_get_info(powerpc_state *ppc, UINT32 state, cpuinfo *info)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( decrementer_int_callback )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = ptr;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)ptr;
 	UINT64 cycles_until_next;
 
 	/* set the decrementer IRQ state */
@@ -1506,7 +1506,7 @@ static void ppc4xx_dma_exec(powerpc_state *ppc, int dmachan)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( ppc4xx_fit_callback )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = ptr;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)ptr;
 
 	/* if this is a real callback and we are enabled, signal an interrupt */
 	if (param)
@@ -1536,7 +1536,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK( ppc4xx_fit_callback )
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( ppc4xx_pit_callback )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = ptr;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)ptr;
 
 	/* if this is a real callback and we are enabled, signal an interrupt */
 	if (param)
@@ -1647,7 +1647,7 @@ static void ppc4xx_spu_timer_reset(powerpc_state *ppc)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( ppc4xx_spu_callback )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = ptr;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)ptr;
 
 	/* transmit enabled? */
 	if (ppc->spu.regs[SPU4XX_TX_COMMAND] & 0x80)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcdrc.c b/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcdrc.c
index 1a561313e80..9868f93ceb2 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcdrc.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcdrc.c
@@ -435,6 +435,23 @@ static const UINT8 fcmp_cr_table_source[32] =
     INLINE FUNCTIONS
 ***************************************************************************/
 
+INLINE powerpc_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC403GA ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC403GCX ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC601 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC602 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC603 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC603E ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC603R ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_PPC604 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_MPC8240);
+	return *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+}
+
 /*-------------------------------------------------
     alloc_handle - allocate a handle if not
     already allocated
@@ -552,14 +569,14 @@ static void ppcdrc_init(powerpc_flavor flavor, UINT8 cap, int tb_divisor, const
 		fatalerror("Unable to allocate cache of size %d", (UINT32)(CACHE_SIZE + sizeof(*ppc)));
 
 	/* allocate the core from the near cache */
-	*(powerpc_state **)device->token = ppc = drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*ppc));
+	*(powerpc_state **)device->token = ppc = (powerpc_state *)drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*ppc));
 	memset(ppc, 0, sizeof(*ppc));
 
 	/* initialize the core */
 	ppccom_init(ppc, flavor, cap, tb_divisor, device, irqcallback);
 
 	/* allocate the implementation-specific state from the full cache */
-	ppc->impstate = drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*ppc->impstate));
+	ppc->impstate = (ppcimp_state *)drccache_memory_alloc_near(cache, sizeof(*ppc->impstate));
 	memset(ppc->impstate, 0, sizeof(*ppc->impstate));
 	ppc->impstate->cache = cache;
 
@@ -670,7 +687,7 @@ static void ppcdrc_init(powerpc_flavor flavor, UINT8 cap, int tb_divisor, const
 
 static CPU_RESET( ppcdrc )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* reset the common code and mark the cache dirty */
 	ppccom_reset(ppc);
@@ -686,7 +703,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( ppcdrc )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( ppcdrc )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	drcuml_state *drcuml = ppc->impstate->drcuml;
 	int execute_result;
 
@@ -723,7 +740,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( ppcdrc )
 
 static CPU_EXIT( ppcdrc )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	ppccom_exit(ppc);
 
 	/* clean up the DRC */
@@ -740,7 +757,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( ppcdrc )
 
 static CPU_TRANSLATE( ppcdrc )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	return ppccom_translate_address(ppc, space, intention, address);
 }
 
@@ -751,7 +768,7 @@ static CPU_TRANSLATE( ppcdrc )
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( ppcdrc )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	return ppccom_dasm(ppc, buffer, pc, oprom, opram);
 }
 
@@ -763,7 +780,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( ppcdrc )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( ppcdrc )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* --- everything is handled generically --- */
 	ppccom_set_info(ppc, state, info);
@@ -777,7 +794,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( ppcdrc )
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( ppcdrc )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? *(powerpc_state **)device->token : NULL;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -808,7 +825,7 @@ static CPU_GET_INFO( ppcdrc )
 
 void ppcdrc_set_options(const device_config *device, UINT32 options)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	ppc->impstate->drcoptions = options;
 }
 
@@ -820,7 +837,7 @@ void ppcdrc_set_options(const device_config *device, UINT32 options)
 
 void ppcdrc_add_fastram(const device_config *device, offs_t start, offs_t end, UINT8 readonly, void *base)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	if (ppc->impstate->fastram_select < ARRAY_LENGTH(ppc->impstate->fastram))
 	{
 		ppc->impstate->fastram[ppc->impstate->fastram_select].start = start;
@@ -838,7 +855,7 @@ void ppcdrc_add_fastram(const device_config *device, offs_t start, offs_t end, U
 
 void ppcdrc_add_hotspot(const device_config *device, offs_t pc, UINT32 opcode, UINT32 cycles)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	if (ppc->impstate->hotspot_select < ARRAY_LENGTH(ppc->impstate->hotspot))
 	{
 		ppc->impstate->hotspot[ppc->impstate->hotspot_select].pc = pc;
@@ -1032,7 +1049,7 @@ static void code_compile_block(powerpc_state *ppc, UINT8 mode, offs_t pc)
 
 static void cfunc_printf_exception(void *param)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = param;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)param;
 	printf("Exception: type=%2d EPC=%08X MSR=%08X\n", ppc->param0, ppc->spr[SPROEA_SRR0], ppc->spr[SPROEA_SRR1]);
 	cfunc_printf_probe(ppc);
 }
@@ -1045,7 +1062,7 @@ static void cfunc_printf_exception(void *param)
 
 static void cfunc_printf_debug(void *param)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = param;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)param;
 	printf(ppc->impstate->format, ppc->impstate->arg0, ppc->impstate->arg1);
 }
 
@@ -1057,7 +1074,7 @@ static void cfunc_printf_debug(void *param)
 
 static void cfunc_printf_probe(void *param)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = param;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)param;
 	UINT32 pc = (UINT32)(FPTR)param;
 
 	printf(" PC=%08X\n", pc);
@@ -1087,7 +1104,7 @@ static void cfunc_printf_probe(void *param)
 
 static void cfunc_unimplemented(void *param)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = param;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)param;
 	UINT32 opcode = ppc->impstate->arg0;
 	fatalerror("PC=%08X: Unimplemented op %08X", ppc->pc, opcode);
 }
@@ -1459,7 +1476,7 @@ static void static_generate_memory_accessor(powerpc_state *ppc, int mode, int si
 	/* on exit, read result is in I0 */
 	/* routine trashes I0-I3 */
 	drcuml_state *drcuml = ppc->impstate->drcuml;
-	int fastxor = BYTE8_XOR_BE(0) >> (cpu_get_databus_width(ppc->device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM) < 64);
+	int fastxor = BYTE8_XOR_BE(0) >> (int)(cpu_get_databus_width(ppc->device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM) < 64);
 	drcuml_block *block;
 	jmp_buf errorbuf;
 	int translate_type;
@@ -4237,7 +4254,7 @@ static void log_opcode_desc(drcuml_state *drcuml, const opcode_desc *desclist, i
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( ppcdrc4xx )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? *(powerpc_state **)device->token : NULL;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	CPU_GET_INFO_CALL(ppcdrc);
 	ppc4xx_get_info(ppc, state, info);
 }
@@ -4250,7 +4267,7 @@ static CPU_GET_INFO( ppcdrc4xx )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( ppcdrc4xx )
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = *(powerpc_state **)device->token;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_SET_INFO_CALL(ppcdrc);
 	ppc4xx_set_info(ppc, state, info);
 }
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcfe.c b/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcfe.c
index 66176c1e618..79c9fa7162f 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcfe.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/powerpc/ppcfe.c
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ INLINE int is_603_class(const powerpc_state *ppc)
 
 int ppcfe_describe(void *param, opcode_desc *desc, const opcode_desc *prev)
 {
-	powerpc_state *ppc = param;
+	powerpc_state *ppc = (powerpc_state *)param;
 	UINT32 op, opswitch;
 	int regnum;
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/rsp/rsp.c b/src/emu/cpu/rsp/rsp.c
index 14e7f7e5c1c..db72d86b834 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/rsp/rsp.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/rsp/rsp.c
@@ -63,6 +63,14 @@ struct _rsp_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE rsp_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_RSP);
+	return (rsp_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 
 #define RSREG		((op >> 21) & 0x1f)
@@ -343,10 +351,10 @@ static const int vector_elements_2[16][8] =
 
 static CPU_INIT( rsp )
 {
-	rsp_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	rsp_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
     int regIdx;
     int accumIdx;
-	cpustate->config = device->static_config;
+	cpustate->config = (const rsp_config *)device->static_config;
 
 	if (LOG_INSTRUCTION_EXECUTION)
 		cpustate->exec_output = fopen("rsp_execute.txt", "wt");
@@ -387,7 +395,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( rsp )
 
 static CPU_EXIT( rsp )
 {
-	rsp_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	rsp_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 #if SAVE_DISASM
 	{
@@ -435,7 +443,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( rsp )
 
 static CPU_RESET( rsp )
 {
-	rsp_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	rsp_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->nextpc = ~0;
 }
 
@@ -2528,7 +2536,7 @@ static void handle_vector_ops(rsp_state *cpustate, UINT32 op)
 						i = 0;
 					}
 				}
-				sqr = (INT32)(0x7fffffff / sqrt(sqr));
+				sqr = (INT32)(0x7fffffff / sqrt((double)sqr));
 				for (i = 31; i > 0; i--)
 				{
 					if (sqr & (1 << i))
@@ -2585,7 +2593,7 @@ static void handle_vector_ops(rsp_state *cpustate, UINT32 op)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( rsp )
 {
-	rsp_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	rsp_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT32 op;
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
@@ -2869,7 +2877,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( rsp )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( rsp )
 {
-	rsp_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	rsp_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -2917,7 +2925,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( rsp )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( rsp )
 {
-	rsp_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	rsp_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch(state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/s2650/s2650.c b/src/emu/cpu/s2650/s2650.c
index b21a0dcd48e..457fdedc8f3 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/s2650/s2650.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/s2650/s2650.c
@@ -46,6 +46,15 @@ struct _s2650_regs {
 	const address_space *io;
 };
 
+INLINE s2650_regs *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_S2650);
+	return (s2650_regs *)device->token;
+}
+
 /* condition code changes for a byte */
 static const UINT8 ccc[0x200] = {
 	0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,
@@ -759,7 +768,7 @@ static void BRA_EA(void) _BRA_EA()
 
 static CPU_INIT( s2650 )
 {
-	s2650_regs *s2650c = device->token;
+	s2650_regs *s2650c = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	s2650c->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	s2650c->device = device;
@@ -782,7 +791,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( s2650 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( s2650 )
 {
-	s2650_regs *s2650c = device->token;
+	s2650_regs *s2650c = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	s2650c->ppc = 0;
 	s2650c->page = 0,
@@ -851,7 +860,7 @@ static int s2650_get_sense(s2650_regs *s2650c)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( s2650 )
 {
-	s2650_regs *s2650c = device->token;
+	s2650_regs *s2650c = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	s2650c->icount = cycles;
 	do
@@ -1470,7 +1479,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( s2650 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( s2650 )
 {
-	s2650_regs *s2650c = device->token;
+	s2650_regs *s2650c = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1507,7 +1516,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( s2650 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( s2650 )
 {
-	s2650_regs *s2650c = device ? device->token : NULL;
+	s2650_regs *s2650c = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/saturn/saturn.c b/src/emu/cpu/saturn/saturn.c
index 3b8221f4353..3029ec65df5 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/saturn/saturn.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/saturn/saturn.c
@@ -86,6 +86,15 @@ struct _saturn_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE saturn_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_SATURN);
+	return (saturn_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 /***************************************************************
  * include the opcode macros, functions and tables
  ***************************************************************/
@@ -101,7 +110,7 @@ struct _saturn_state
 
 static CPU_INIT( saturn )
 {
-	saturn_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	saturn_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->config = (saturn_cpu_core *) device->static_config;
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
@@ -135,7 +144,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( saturn )
 
 static CPU_RESET( saturn )
 {
-	saturn_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	saturn_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->pc=0;
 	cpustate->sleeping = 0;
@@ -159,7 +168,7 @@ INLINE void saturn_take_irq(saturn_state *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( saturn )
 {
-	saturn_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	saturn_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -238,7 +247,7 @@ static void IntReg64(Saturn64 r, INT64 d)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( saturn )
 {
-	saturn_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	saturn_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -295,7 +304,7 @@ static INT64 Reg64Int(Saturn64 r)
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( saturn )
 {
-	saturn_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	saturn_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/sc61860/sc61860.c b/src/emu/cpu/sc61860/sc61860.c
index 3bb148b0718..66289732d69 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/sc61860/sc61860.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/sc61860/sc61860.c
@@ -59,15 +59,24 @@ struct _sc61860_state
     int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE sc61860_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_SC61860);
+	return (sc61860_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 UINT8 *sc61860_internal_ram(const device_config *device)
 {
-	sc61860_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sc61860_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	return cpustate->ram;
 }
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK(sc61860_2ms_tick)
 {
-	sc61860_state *cpustate = ptr;
+	sc61860_state *cpustate = (sc61860_state *)ptr;
 	if (--cpustate->timer.count == 0)
 	{
 		cpustate->timer.count = 128;
@@ -84,7 +93,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK(sc61860_2ms_tick)
 
 static CPU_RESET( sc61860 )
 {
-	sc61860_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sc61860_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->timer.t2ms=0;
 	cpustate->timer.t512ms=0;
 	cpustate->timer.count=256;
@@ -93,7 +102,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( sc61860 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( sc61860 )
 {
-	sc61860_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sc61860_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->config = (sc61860_cpu_core *) device->static_config;
 	timer_pulse(device->machine, ATTOTIME_IN_HZ(500), cpustate, 0, sc61860_2ms_tick);
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -102,7 +111,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( sc61860 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( sc61860 )
 {
-	sc61860_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sc61860_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -140,7 +149,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( sc61860 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( sc61860 )
 {
-	sc61860_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sc61860_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 
@@ -164,7 +173,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( sc61860 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( sc61860 )
 {
-	sc61860_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	sc61860_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4.c b/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4.c
index 14a7b4a4965..03ef3f4cba8 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4.c
@@ -3245,7 +3245,7 @@ INLINE void op1111(SH4 *sh4, UINT16 opcode)
 static CPU_RESET( sh4 )
 {
 	SH4 *sh4 = get_safe_token(device);
-	void *tsaved[4];
+	emu_timer *tsaved[4];
 	emu_timer *tsave[5];
 	UINT32 *m;
 	int save_is_slave;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4comn.c b/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4comn.c
index 91ce7acf4a0..a1447684a12 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4comn.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/sh4/sh4comn.c
@@ -30,6 +30,15 @@ static const UINT16 tcnt[] = { TCNT0, TCNT1, TCNT2 };
 static const UINT16 tcor[] = { TCOR0, TCOR1, TCOR2 };
 static const UINT16 tcr[] = { TCR0, TCR1, TCR2 };
 
+INLINE SH4 *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_SH4);
+	return (SH4 *)device->token;
+}
+
 void sh4_change_register_bank(SH4 *sh4, int to)
 {
 int s;
@@ -254,7 +263,7 @@ static void sh4_timer_recompute(SH4 *sh4, int which)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( sh4_refresh_timer_callback )
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = ptr;
+	SH4 *sh4 = (SH4 *)ptr;
 
 	sh4->m[RTCNT] = 0;
 	sh4_refresh_timer_recompute(sh4);
@@ -365,7 +374,7 @@ static void increment_rtc_time(SH4 *sh4, int mode)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( sh4_rtc_timer_callback )
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = ptr;
+	SH4 *sh4 = (SH4 *)ptr;
 
 	timer_adjust_oneshot(sh4->rtc_timer, ATTOTIME_IN_HZ(128), 0);
 	sh4->m[R64CNT] = (sh4->m[R64CNT]+1) & 0x7f;
@@ -380,7 +389,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK( sh4_rtc_timer_callback )
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( sh4_timer_callback )
 {
 	static const UINT16 tuni[] = { SH4_INTC_TUNI0, SH4_INTC_TUNI1, SH4_INTC_TUNI2 };
-	SH4 *sh4 = ptr;
+	SH4 *sh4 = (SH4 *)ptr;
 	int which = param;
 	int idx = tcr[which];
 
@@ -393,7 +402,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK( sh4_timer_callback )
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( sh4_dmac_callback )
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = ptr;
+	SH4 *sh4 = (SH4 *)ptr;
 	int channel = param;
 
 	LOG(("SH4 '%s': DMA %d complete\n", sh4->device->tag, channel));
@@ -623,7 +632,7 @@ int s;
 
 WRITE32_HANDLER( sh4_internal_w )
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = space->cpu->token;
+	SH4 *sh4 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	int a;
 	UINT32 old = sh4->m[offset];
 	COMBINE_DATA(sh4->m+offset);
@@ -909,7 +918,7 @@ WRITE32_HANDLER( sh4_internal_w )
 
 READ32_HANDLER( sh4_internal_r )
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = space->cpu->token;
+	SH4 *sh4 = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	//  logerror("sh4_internal_r:  Read %08x (%x) @ %08x\n", 0xfe000000+((offset & 0x3fc0) << 11)+((offset & 0x3f) << 2), offset, mem_mask);
 	switch( offset )
 	{
@@ -958,7 +967,7 @@ READ32_HANDLER( sh4_internal_r )
 
 void sh4_set_frt_input(const device_config *device, int state)
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = device->token;
+	SH4 *sh4 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if(state == PULSE_LINE)
 	{
@@ -994,7 +1003,7 @@ void sh4_set_frt_input(const device_config *device, int state)
 
 void sh4_set_irln_input(const device_config *device, int value)
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = device->token;
+	SH4 *sh4 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if (sh4->irln == value)
 		return;
@@ -1123,7 +1132,7 @@ void sh4_parse_configuration(SH4 *sh4, const struct sh4_config *conf)
 
 void sh4_common_init(const device_config *device)
 {
-	SH4 *sh4 = device->token;
+	SH4 *sh4 = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 
 	for (i=0; i<3; i++)
@@ -1145,7 +1154,7 @@ void sh4_common_init(const device_config *device)
 	sh4->rtc_timer = timer_alloc(device->machine, sh4_rtc_timer_callback, sh4);
 	timer_adjust_oneshot(sh4->rtc_timer, attotime_never, 0);
 
-	sh4->m = auto_malloc(16384*4);
+	sh4->m = (UINT32 *)auto_malloc(16384*4);
 }
 
 void sh4_dma_ddt(SH4 *sh4, struct sh4_ddt_dma *s)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/sm8500/sm8500.c b/src/emu/cpu/sm8500/sm8500.c
index 023f577a6c7..d8cab1a98f3 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/sm8500/sm8500.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/sm8500/sm8500.c
@@ -55,6 +55,15 @@ struct _sm8500_state
 	UINT8 internal_ram[0x500];
 };
 
+INLINE sm8500_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_SM8500);
+	return (sm8500_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 static const UINT8 sm8500_b2w[8] = {
         0, 8, 2, 10, 4, 12, 6, 14
 };
@@ -86,7 +95,7 @@ INLINE void sm85cpu_mem_writeword( sm8500_state *cpustate, UINT32 address, UINT1
 
 static CPU_INIT( sm8500 )
 {
-	sm8500_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sm8500_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -103,7 +112,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( sm8500 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( sm8500 )
 {
-	sm8500_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sm8500_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->PC = 0x1020;
 	cpustate->IE0 = 0;
@@ -217,7 +226,7 @@ INLINE void sm8500_process_interrupts(sm8500_state *cpustate) {
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( sm8500 )
 {
-	sm8500_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sm8500_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8	op;
 	UINT16 oldpc;
 	int	mycycles;
@@ -258,7 +267,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( sm8500 )
 
 static CPU_BURN( sm8500 )
 {
-	sm8500_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sm8500_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if ( cycles > 0 ) {
 		/* burn a number of 4 cycles */
@@ -381,7 +390,7 @@ static void sm8500_set_irq_line( sm8500_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( sm8500 )
 {
-	sm8500_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	sm8500_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch(state)
 	{
@@ -435,7 +444,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( sm8500 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( sm8500 )
 {
-	sm8500_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	sm8500_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch(state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/spc700/spc700.c b/src/emu/cpu/spc700/spc700.c
index 2c9136758d8..dff3222e57b 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/spc700/spc700.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/spc700/spc700.c
@@ -97,6 +97,15 @@ typedef struct
 	int spc_int32;
 } spc700i_cpu;
 
+INLINE spc700i_cpu *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_SPC700);
+	return (spc700i_cpu *)device->token;
+}
+
 /* ======================================================================== */
 /* ==================== ARCHITECTURE-DEPENDANT DEFINES ==================== */
 /* ======================================================================== */
@@ -1239,7 +1248,7 @@ INLINE void SET_FLAG_I(spc700i_cpu *cpustate, uint value)
 
 static CPU_INIT( spc700 )
 {
-	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = device->token;
+	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	INT_ACK = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -1249,7 +1258,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( spc700 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( spc700 )
 {
-	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = device->token;
+	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_STOPPED = 0;
 #if !SPC700_OPTIMIZE_SNES
@@ -1307,7 +1316,7 @@ static void spc700_set_irq_line(spc700i_cpu *cpustate,int line, int state)
 /* Execute instructions for <clocks> cycles */
 static CPU_EXECUTE( spc700 )
 {
-	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = device->token;
+	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CLOCKS = CPU_STOPPED ? 0 : cycles;
 	while(CLOCKS > 0)
@@ -1586,7 +1595,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( spc700 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( spc700 )
 {
-	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = device->token;
+	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1613,7 +1622,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( spc700 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( spc700 )
 {
-	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	spc700i_cpu *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	uint p = 0;
 
 	if (cpustate != NULL)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/ssp1601/ssp1601.c b/src/emu/cpu/ssp1601/ssp1601.c
index 07b98b16c96..fbf8f96e2ca 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/ssp1601/ssp1601.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/ssp1601/ssp1601.c
@@ -55,6 +55,14 @@ struct _ssp1601_state_t
 	const address_space *io;
 };
 
+INLINE ssp1601_state_t *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_SSP1601);
+	return (ssp1601_state_t *)device->token;
+}
 
 
 
@@ -502,7 +510,7 @@ static UINT32 ptr2_read(ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state, int op)
 
 static CPU_INIT( ssp1601 )
 {
-	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = device->token;
+	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, rX);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, rY);
@@ -532,7 +540,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( ssp1601 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( ssp1601 )
 {
-	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = device->token;
+	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	rPC = 0x400;
 	rSTACK = 0; // ? using ascending stack
@@ -542,7 +550,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( ssp1601 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( ssp1601 )
 {
-	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = device->token;
+	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	ssp1601_state->g_cycles = cycles;
 
@@ -758,7 +766,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( ssp1601 )
 
 static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( ssp1601 )
 {
-	//ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = device->token;
+	//ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	return dasm_ssp1601(buffer, pc, oprom);
 }
@@ -767,7 +775,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( ssp1601 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( ssp1601 )
 {
-	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = device->token;
+	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -808,7 +816,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( ssp1601 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( ssp1601 )
 {
-	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	ssp1601_state_t *ssp1601_state = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tlcs90/tlcs90.c b/src/emu/cpu/tlcs90/tlcs90.c
index 86b09dfb8b2..70758e7997a 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tlcs90/tlcs90.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tlcs90/tlcs90.c
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@
 #include "cpuexec.h"
 #include "tlcs90.h"
 
-typedef enum					{	UNKNOWN,	NOP,	EX,		EXX,	LD,		LDW,	LDA,	LDI,	LDIR,	LDD,	LDDR,	CPI,	CPIR,	CPD,	CPDR,	PUSH,	POP,	JP,		JR,		CALL,	CALLR,		RET,	RETI,	HALT,	DI,		EI,		SWI,	DAA,	CPL,	NEG,	LDAR,	RCF,	SCF,	CCF,	TSET,	BIT,	SET,	RES,	INC,	DEC,	INCX,	DECX,	INCW,	DECW,	ADD,	ADC,	SUB,	SBC,	AND,	XOR,	OR,		CP,		RLC,	RRC,	RL,		RR,		SLA,	SRA,	SLL,	SRL,	RLD,	RRD,	DJNZ,	MUL,	DIV		}	e_op;
+typedef enum					{	UNKNOWN,	NOP,	EX,		EXX,	LD,		LDW,	LDA,	LDI,	LDIR,	LDD,	LDDR,	CPI,	CPIR,	CPD,	CPDR,	PUSH,	POP,	JP,		JR,		CALL,	CALLR,		RET,	RETI,	HALT,	DI,		EI,		SWI,	DAA,	CPL,	NEG,	LDAR,	RCF,	SCF,	CCF,	TSET,	BIT,	SET,	RES,	INC,	DEC,	INCX,	DECX,	INCW,	DECW,	ADD,	ADC,	SUB,	SBC,	AND,	XOR,	OR,		CP,		RLC,	RRC,	RL,		RR,		SLA,	SRA,	SLL,	SRL,	RLD,	RRD,	DJNZ,	MUL,	DIV		}	_e_op;
+typedef UINT8 e_op;
 static const char *const op_names[] =	{	"??",		"nop",	"ex",	"exx",	"ld",	"ldw",	"lda",	"ldi",	"ldir",	"ldd",	"lddr",	"cpi",	"cpir",	"cpd",	"cpdr",	"push",	"pop",	"jp",	"jr",	"call",	"callr",	"ret",	"reti",	"halt",	"di",	"ei",	"swi",	"daa",	"cpl",	"neg",	"ldar",	"rcf",	"scf",	"ccf",	"tset",	"bit",	"set",	"res",	"inc",	"dec",	"incx",	"decx",	"incw",	"decw",	"add",	"adc",	"sub",	"sbc",	"and",	"xor",	"or",	"cp",	"rlc",	"rrc",	"rl",	"rr",	"sla",	"sra",	"sll",	"srl",	"rld",	"rrd",	"djnz",	"mul",	"div"	};
 
 typedef enum	{
@@ -59,6 +60,18 @@ typedef struct
 
 }	t90_Regs;
 
+INLINE t90_Regs *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMP90840 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMP90841 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMP91640 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMP91641);
+	return (t90_Regs *)device->token;
+}
+
 enum	{
 		T90_B,	T90_C,	T90_D,	T90_E,	T90_H,	T90_L,	T90_A,
 		T90_BC,	T90_DE,	T90_HL,	T90_XX,	T90_IX,	T90_IY,	T90_SP,
@@ -997,7 +1010,7 @@ static int sprint_arg(char *buffer, UINT32 pc, const char *pre, const e_mode mod
 
 CPU_DISASSEMBLE( t90 )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int len;
 
 	cpustate->addr = pc;
@@ -1268,6 +1281,7 @@ INT2        P82         Rising Edge     -
 *************************************************************************************************************/
 
 typedef enum	{	INTSWI = 0,	INTNMI,	INTWD,	INT0,	INTT0,	INTT1,	INTT2,	INTT3,	INTT4,	INT1,	INTT5,	INT2,	INTRX,	INTTX,	INTMAX	}	e_irq;
+DECLARE_ENUM_OPERATORS(e_irq)
 
 INLINE void leave_halt(t90_Regs *cpustate)
 {
@@ -1326,7 +1340,7 @@ INLINE void Cyc_f(t90_Regs *cpustate)	{	cpustate->icount -= cpustate->cyc_f;	}
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( t90 )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8    a8,b8;
 	UINT16   a16,b16;
 	unsigned a32;
@@ -1968,7 +1982,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( t90 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( t90 )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->irq_state = 0;
 	cpustate->irq_mask = 0;
 	cpustate->pc.d = 0x0000;
@@ -1988,7 +2002,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( t90 )
 
 static CPU_BURN( t90 )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->icount -= 4 * ((cycles + 3) / 4);
 }
 
@@ -2266,7 +2280,7 @@ FFED    BX      R/W     Reset   Description
 
 static READ8_HANDLER( t90_internal_registers_r )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	#define RIO		memory_read_byte_8le( cpustate->io, T90_IOBASE+offset )
 
@@ -2378,7 +2392,7 @@ static void t90_stop_timer4(t90_Regs *cpustate)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( t90_timer_callback )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = ptr;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = (t90_Regs *)ptr;
 	int is16bit;
 	int i = param;
 
@@ -2450,7 +2464,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK( t90_timer4_callback )
 {
 //  logerror("CPU Timer 4 fired! value = %d\n", (unsigned)cpustate->timer_value[4]);
 
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = ptr;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = (t90_Regs *)ptr;
 	cpustate->timer4_value++;
 
 	// Match
@@ -2480,7 +2494,7 @@ static WRITE8_HANDLER( t90_internal_registers_w )
 {
 	#define WIO		memory_write_byte_8le( cpustate->io, T90_IOBASE+offset, data )
 
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	UINT8 out_mask;
 	UINT8 old = cpustate->internal_registers[offset];
 	switch ( T90_IOBASE + offset )
@@ -2617,7 +2631,7 @@ static WRITE8_HANDLER( t90_internal_registers_w )
 
 static CPU_INIT( t90 )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i, p;
 
 //  state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, Z80.prvpc.w.l);
@@ -2691,7 +2705,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( t90 )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = device->token;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -2724,7 +2738,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( t90 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tmp90840 )
 {
-	t90_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	t90_Regs *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms32010/tms32010.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms32010/tms32010.c
index b7f9e333863..8c3e6913cad 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms32010/tms32010.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms32010/tms32010.c
@@ -96,6 +96,14 @@ struct _tms32010_state
 	const	address_space *io;
 };
 
+INLINE tms32010_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS32010);
+	return (tms32010_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 /* opcode table entry */
 typedef struct _tms32010_opcode tms32010_opcode;
@@ -377,7 +385,7 @@ static void adds(tms32010_state *cpustate)
 	cpustate->ACC.d += cpustate->ALU.d;
 	CALCULATE_ADD_OVERFLOW(cpustate, cpustate->ALU.d);
 }
-static void and(tms32010_state *cpustate)
+static void and_(tms32010_state *cpustate)
 {
 	getdata(cpustate, 0,0);
 	cpustate->ACC.d &= cpustate->ALU.d;
@@ -583,7 +591,7 @@ static void nop(tms32010_state *cpustate)
 {
 	/* Nothing to do */
 }
-static void or(tms32010_state *cpustate)
+static void or_(tms32010_state *cpustate)
 {
 	getdata(cpustate, 0,0);
 	cpustate->ACC.w.l |= cpustate->ALU.w.l;
@@ -690,7 +698,7 @@ static void tblw(tms32010_state *cpustate)
 	M_WRTROM(((cpustate->ACC.w.l & cpustate->addr_mask)),cpustate->ALU.w.l);
 	cpustate->STACK[0] = cpustate->STACK[1];
 }
-static void xor(tms32010_state *cpustate)
+static void xor_(tms32010_state *cpustate)
 {
 	getdata(cpustate, 0,0);
 	cpustate->ACC.w.l ^= cpustate->ALU.w.l;
@@ -735,7 +743,7 @@ static const tms32010_opcode opcode_main[256]=
 /*60*/  {1, addh	},{1, adds		},{1, subh		},{1, subs		},{1, subc		},{1, zalh		},{1, zals		},{3, tblr		},
 /*68*/  {1, larp_mar},{1, dmov		},{1, lt		},{1, ltd		},{1, lta		},{1, mpy		},{1, ldpk		},{1, ldp		},
 /*70*/  {1, lark_ar0},{1, lark_ar1	},{0, illegal	},{0, illegal	},{0, illegal	},{0, illegal	},{0, illegal	},{0, illegal	},
-/*78*/  {1, xor		},{1, and		},{1, or		},{1, lst		},{1, sst		},{3, tblw		},{1, lack		},{0, opcodes_7F	},
+/*78*/  {1, xor_	},{1, and_		},{1, or_		},{1, lst		},{1, sst		},{3, tblw		},{1, lack		},{0, opcodes_7F	},
 /*80*/  {1, mpyk	},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},
 /*88*/  {1, mpyk	},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},
 /*90*/  {1, mpyk	},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},{1, mpyk		},
@@ -769,7 +777,7 @@ static const tms32010_opcode_7F opcode_7F[32]=
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_INIT( tms32010 )
 {
-	tms32010_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32010_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->PC);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->PREVPC);
@@ -803,7 +811,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms32010 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_RESET( tms32010 )
 {
-	tms32010_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32010_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->PC    = 0;
 	cpustate->STR   = 0x7efe;	// OV cleared
@@ -846,7 +854,7 @@ static int Ext_IRQ(tms32010_state *cpustate)
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms32010 )
 {
-	tms32010_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32010_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
 	do
@@ -905,7 +913,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms32010 )
 {
-	tms32010_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32010_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -935,7 +943,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( tms32010 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tms32010 )
 {
-	tms32010_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms32010_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms32025/tms32025.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms32025/tms32025.c
index e1a17ec6e0f..f3756ada905 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms32025/tms32025.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms32025/tms32025.c
@@ -180,6 +180,15 @@ struct _tms32025_state
 	UINT16 *datamap[0x200];
 };
 
+INLINE tms32025_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS32025 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS32026);
+	return (tms32025_state *)device->token;
+}
 
 /* opcode table entry */
 typedef struct _tms32025_opcode tms32025_opcode;
@@ -643,7 +652,7 @@ static void adrk(tms32025_state *cpustate)
 {
 	cpustate->AR[ARP] += cpustate->opcode.b.l;
 }
-static void and(tms32025_state *cpustate)
+static void and_(tms32025_state *cpustate)
 {
 	GETDATA(cpustate, 0, 0);
 	cpustate->ACC.d &= cpustate->ALU.d;
@@ -1223,7 +1232,7 @@ static void norm(tms32025_state *cpustate)
 		MODIFY_AR_ARP(cpustate);
 	}
 }
-static void or(tms32025_state *cpustate)
+static void or_(tms32025_state *cpustate)
 {
 	GETDATA(cpustate, 0, 0);
 	cpustate->ACC.w.l |= cpustate->ALU.w.l;
@@ -1577,7 +1586,7 @@ static void trap(tms32025_state *cpustate)
 	PUSH_STACK(cpustate, cpustate->PC);
 	SET_PC(0x001E);		/* Trap vector */
 }
-static void xor(tms32025_state *cpustate)
+static void xor_(tms32025_state *cpustate)
 {
 	GETDATA(cpustate, 0, 0);
 	cpustate->ACC.w.l ^= cpustate->ALU.w.l;
@@ -1626,7 +1635,7 @@ static const tms32025_opcode opcode_main[256]=
 /*30*/ {1*CLK, lar_ar0	},{1*CLK, lar_ar1	},{1*CLK, lar_ar2	},{1*CLK, lar_ar3	},{1*CLK, lar_ar4	},{1*CLK, lar_ar5	},{1*CLK, lar_ar6	},{1*CLK, lar_ar7	},
 /*38*/ {1*CLK, mpy		},{1*CLK, sqra		},{1*CLK, mpya		},{1*CLK, mpys		},{1*CLK, lt		},{1*CLK, lta		},{1*CLK, ltp		},{1*CLK, ltd		},
 /*40*/ {1*CLK, zalh		},{1*CLK, zals		},{1*CLK, lact		},{1*CLK, addc		},{1*CLK, subh		},{1*CLK, subs		},{1*CLK, subt		},{1*CLK, subc		},
-/*48*/ {1*CLK, addh		},{1*CLK, adds		},{1*CLK, addt		},{1*CLK, rpt		},{1*CLK, xor		},{1*CLK, or		},{1*CLK, and		},{1*CLK, subb		},
+/*48*/ {1*CLK, addh		},{1*CLK, adds		},{1*CLK, addt		},{1*CLK, rpt		},{1*CLK, xor_		},{1*CLK, or_		},{1*CLK, and_		},{1*CLK, subb		},
 /*50*/ {1*CLK, lst		},{1*CLK, lst1		},{1*CLK, ldp		},{1*CLK, lph		},{1*CLK, pshd		},{1*CLK, mar		},{1*CLK, dmov		},{1*CLK, bitt		},
 /*58*/ {3*CLK, tblr		},{2*CLK, tblw		},{1*CLK, sqrs		},{1*CLK, lts		},{2*CLK, macd		},{2*CLK, mac		},{2*CLK, bc		},{2*CLK, bnc		},
 /*60*/ {1*CLK, sacl		},{1*CLK, sacl		},{1*CLK, sacl		},{1*CLK, sacl		},{1*CLK, sacl		},{1*CLK, sacl		},{1*CLK, sacl		},{1*CLK, sacl		},
@@ -1699,9 +1708,9 @@ static const tms32025_opcode_Dx opcode_Dx_subset[8]=	/* Instructions living unde
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_INIT( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
-	cpustate->intRAM = auto_malloc(0x800*2);
+	cpustate->intRAM = (UINT16 *)auto_malloc(0x800*2);
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
 	cpustate->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
@@ -1754,7 +1763,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms32025 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_RESET( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	SET_PC(0);			/* Starting address on a reset */
 	cpustate->STR0 |= 0x0600;	/* INTM and unused bit set to 1 */
@@ -1790,7 +1799,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( tms32025 )
 #if (HAS_TMS32026)
 static CPU_RESET( tms32026 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(tms32025);
 
@@ -1941,7 +1950,7 @@ again:
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
 
@@ -2097,7 +2106,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(tms32025_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_READOP( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	void *ptr;
 
@@ -2122,7 +2131,7 @@ static CPU_READOP( tms32025 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_READ( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	void *ptr = NULL;
 	UINT64 temp = 0;
@@ -2175,7 +2184,7 @@ static CPU_READ( tms32025 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_WRITE( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	void *ptr = NULL;
 
@@ -2224,7 +2233,7 @@ static CPU_WRITE( tms32025 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -2280,7 +2289,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( tms32025 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tms32025 )
 {
-	tms32025_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms32025_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/32031ops.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/32031ops.c
index db2e6dbb95c..d1936106c9d 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/32031ops.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/32031ops.c
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
     FORWARD DECLARATIONS
 ***************************************************************************/
 
-void (*const tms32031ops[])(tms32031_state *tms, UINT32 op);
+extern void (*const tms32031ops[])(tms32031_state *tms, UINT32 op);
 
 
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/tms32031.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/tms32031.c
index 08e533fba42..3f31d989001 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/tms32031.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms32031/tms32031.c
@@ -122,6 +122,15 @@ struct _tms32031_state
 	const address_space *program;
 };
 
+INLINE tms32031_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS32031);
+	return (tms32031_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 
 
 /***************************************************************************
@@ -358,8 +367,8 @@ static void set_irq_line(tms32031_state *tms, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_INIT( tms32031 )
 {
-	const tms32031_config *configdata = device->static_config;
-	tms32031_state *tms = device->token;
+	const tms32031_config *configdata = (const tms32031_config *)device->static_config;
+	tms32031_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 
 	tms->irq_callback = irqcallback;
@@ -388,7 +397,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms32031 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( tms32031 )
 {
-	tms32031_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms32031_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* if we have a config struct, get the boot ROM address */
 	if (tms->bootoffset)
@@ -416,7 +425,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( tms32031 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( tms32032 )
 {
-	tms32031_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms32031_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(tms32031);
 	tms->is_32032 = TRUE;
 }
@@ -452,7 +461,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( tms32031 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms32031 )
 {
-	tms32031_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms32031_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* check IRQs up front */
 	tms->icount = cycles;
@@ -612,7 +621,7 @@ static UINT32 boot_loader(tms32031_state *tms, UINT32 boot_rom_addr)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms32031 )
 {
-	tms32031_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms32031_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -691,7 +700,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tms32031 )
 {
-	tms32031_state *tms = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms32031_state *tms = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	float ftemp;
 
 	switch (state)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms32051/tms32051.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms32051/tms32051.c
index d8350e49ccf..1bb68b8e96d 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms32051/tms32051.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms32051/tms32051.c
@@ -149,6 +149,15 @@ struct _tms32051_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE tms32051_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS32051);
+	return (tms32051_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 static void delay_slot(tms32051_state *cpustate, UINT16 startpc);
 static void save_interrupt_context(tms32051_state *cpustate);
 static void restore_interrupt_context(tms32051_state *cpustate);
@@ -213,7 +222,7 @@ static void delay_slot(tms32051_state *cpustate, UINT16 startpc)
 
 static CPU_INIT( tms )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->device = device;
 	cpustate->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
@@ -222,7 +231,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms )
 
 static CPU_RESET( tms )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 	UINT16 src, dst, length;
 
@@ -328,7 +337,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( tms )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -396,7 +405,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( tms )
 
 static READ16_HANDLER( cpuregs_r )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	switch (offset)
 	{
@@ -448,7 +457,7 @@ static READ16_HANDLER( cpuregs_r )
 
 static WRITE16_HANDLER( cpuregs_w )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 
 	switch (offset)
 	{
@@ -542,7 +551,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -553,7 +562,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( tms )
 
 static CPU_READ( tms )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	if (space == ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM)
 	{
 		*value = (PM_READ16(cpustate, offset>>1) >> ((offset & 1) ? 0 : 8)) & 0xff;
@@ -567,7 +576,7 @@ static CPU_READ( tms )
 
 static CPU_GET_INFO( tms )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch(state)
 	{
@@ -673,7 +682,7 @@ static CPU_GET_INFO( tms )
 #if (HAS_TMS32051)
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms32051 )
 {
-	tms32051_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms32051_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if (state >= CPUINFO_INT_INPUT_STATE && state <= CPUINFO_INT_INPUT_STATE + 5)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/34010gfx.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/34010gfx.c
index 48bcbc625fe..0e467230d87 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/34010gfx.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/34010gfx.c
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ static int compute_pixblt_b_cycles(int left_partials, int right_partials, int fu
 /* Shift register handling */
 static void shiftreg_w(const address_space *space, offs_t offset,UINT16 data)
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = space->cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	if (tms->config->from_shiftreg)
 		(*tms->config->from_shiftreg)(space, (UINT32)(offset << 3) & ~15, &tms->shiftreg[0]);
 	else
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static void shiftreg_w(const address_space *space, offs_t offset,UINT16 data)
 
 static UINT16 shiftreg_r(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = space->cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	if (tms->config->to_shiftreg)
 		(*tms->config->to_shiftreg)(space, (UINT32)(offset << 3) & ~15, &tms->shiftreg[0]);
 	else
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ static UINT16 shiftreg_r(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 
 static UINT16 dummy_shiftreg_r(const address_space *space, offs_t offset)
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = space->cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	return tms->shiftreg[0];
 }
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/tms34010.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/tms34010.c
index 6394760542e..59b865436b1 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/tms34010.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms34010/tms34010.c
@@ -82,6 +82,16 @@ struct _tms34010_state
 	cpu_state_table		state;
 };
 
+INLINE tms34010_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS34010 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS34020);
+	return (tms34010_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #include "34010ops.h"
 
 
@@ -673,8 +683,8 @@ static void check_interrupt(tms34010_state *tms)
 
 static CPU_INIT( tms34010 )
 {
-	const tms34010_config *configdata = device->static_config ? device->static_config : &default_config;
-	tms34010_state *tms = device->token;
+	const tms34010_config *configdata = device->static_config ? (const tms34010_config *)device->static_config : &default_config;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	tms->external_host_access = FALSE;
 
@@ -694,7 +704,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms34010 )
 	timer_adjust_oneshot(tms->scantimer, attotime_zero, 0);
 
 	/* allocate the shiftreg */
-	tms->shiftreg = auto_malloc(SHIFTREG_SIZE);
+	tms->shiftreg = (UINT16 *)auto_malloc(SHIFTREG_SIZE);
 
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, tms->pc);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, tms->st);
@@ -713,7 +723,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms34010 )
 static CPU_RESET( tms34010 )
 {
 	/* zap the state and copy in the config pointer */
-	tms34010_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 	const tms34010_config *config = tms->config;
 	const device_config *screen = tms->screen;
 	UINT16 *shiftreg = tms->shiftreg;
@@ -746,7 +756,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( tms34010 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( tms34020 )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(tms34010);
 	tms->is_34020 = 1;
 }
@@ -759,7 +769,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( tms34020 )
 
 static CPU_EXIT( tms34010 )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 	tms->shiftreg = NULL;
 }
 
@@ -800,7 +810,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(tms34010_state *tms, int irqline, int linestate)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( internal_interrupt_callback )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = ptr;
+	tms34010_state *tms = (tms34010_state *)ptr;
 	int type = param;
 
 	/* call through to the CPU to generate the int */
@@ -819,7 +829,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK( internal_interrupt_callback )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms34010 )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	/* Get out if CPU is halted. Absolutely no interrupts must be taken!!! */
 	if (IOREG(tms, REG_HSTCTLH) & 0x8000)
@@ -948,7 +958,7 @@ static void set_raster_op(tms34010_state *tms)
 
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( scanline_callback )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = ptr;
+	tms34010_state *tms = (tms34010_state *)ptr;
 	const rectangle *current_visarea;
 	int vsblnk, veblnk, vtotal;
 	int vcount = param;
@@ -1088,7 +1098,7 @@ static TIMER_CALLBACK( scanline_callback )
 
 void tms34010_get_display_params(const device_config *cpu, tms34010_display_params *params)
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(cpu);
 
 	params->enabled = ((SMART_IOREG(tms, DPYCTL) & 0x8000) != 0);
 	params->vcount = SMART_IOREG(tms, VCOUNT);
@@ -1134,7 +1144,7 @@ VIDEO_UPDATE( tms340x0 )
 		cpu_type type = cpu_get_type(cpu);
 		if (type == CPU_TMS34010 || type == CPU_TMS34020)
 		{
-			tms = cpu->token;
+			tms = get_safe_token(cpu);
 			if (tms->config != NULL && tms->config->scanline_callback != NULL && tms->screen == screen)
 				break;
 			tms = NULL;
@@ -1198,7 +1208,7 @@ static const char *const ioreg_name[] =
 
 WRITE16_HANDLER( tms34010_io_register_w )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = space->cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	int oldreg, newreg;
 
 	/* Set register */
@@ -1341,7 +1351,7 @@ static const char *const ioreg020_name[] =
 
 WRITE16_HANDLER( tms34020_io_register_w )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = space->cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	int oldreg, newreg;
 
 	/* Set register */
@@ -1504,7 +1514,7 @@ WRITE16_HANDLER( tms34020_io_register_w )
 
 READ16_HANDLER( tms34010_io_register_r )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = space->cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	int result, total;
 
 //  if (LOG_CONTROL_REGS)
@@ -1547,7 +1557,7 @@ READ16_HANDLER( tms34010_io_register_r )
 
 READ16_HANDLER( tms34020_io_register_r )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = space->cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	int result, total;
 
 //  if (LOG_CONTROL_REGS)
@@ -1589,7 +1599,7 @@ READ16_HANDLER( tms34020_io_register_r )
 
 static STATE_POSTLOAD( tms34010_state_postload )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = param;
+	tms34010_state *tms = (tms34010_state *)param;
 	set_raster_op(tms);
 	set_pixel_function(tms);
 }
@@ -1602,7 +1612,7 @@ static STATE_POSTLOAD( tms34010_state_postload )
 void tms34010_host_w(const device_config *cpu, int reg, int data)
 {
 	const address_space *space;
-	tms34010_state *tms = cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(cpu);
 	unsigned int addr;
 
 	switch (reg)
@@ -1657,7 +1667,7 @@ void tms34010_host_w(const device_config *cpu, int reg, int data)
 
 int tms34010_host_r(const device_config *cpu, int reg)
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = cpu->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(cpu);
 	unsigned int addr;
 	int result = 0;
 
@@ -1714,7 +1724,7 @@ int tms34010_host_r(const device_config *cpu, int reg)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms34010 )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = device->token;
+	tms34010_state *tms = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1732,7 +1742,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( tms34010 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tms34010 )
 {
-	tms34010_state *tms = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms34010_state *tms = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.c
index 0ca9abbeba6..966450c16a7 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.c
@@ -106,6 +106,15 @@ typedef struct {
 	int unsupported_inst_warning;
 } tms57002_t;
 
+INLINE tms57002_t *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS57002);
+	return (tms57002_t *)device->token;
+}
+
 static void tms57002_cache_flush(tms57002_t *s);
 
 static const char *tms57002_get_memadr(UINT32 opcode, char type)
@@ -191,7 +200,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE(tms57002)
 
 WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_pload_w)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8 olds = s->sti;
 
 	if(data)
@@ -205,7 +214,7 @@ WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_pload_w)
 
 WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_cload_w)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8 olds = s->sti;
 	if(data)
 		s->sti &= ~IN_CLOAD;
@@ -217,7 +226,7 @@ WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_cload_w)
 
 static CPU_RESET(tms57002)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	s->sti = (s->sti & ~(SU_MASK|S_READ|S_WRITE|S_BRANCH|S_HOST)) | (SU_ST0|S_IDLE);
 	s->pc = 0;
@@ -240,7 +249,7 @@ static CPU_RESET(tms57002)
 
 WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_data_w)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch(s->sti & (IN_PLOAD|IN_CLOAD)) {
 	case 0:
@@ -297,7 +306,7 @@ WRITE8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_data_w)
 
 READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_data_r)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 	UINT8 res;
 	if(!(s->sti & S_HOST))
 		return 0xff;
@@ -319,13 +328,13 @@ READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_empty_r)
 
 READ8_DEVICE_HANDLER(tms57002_dready_r)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 	return s->sti & S_HOST ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
 void tms57002_sync(const device_config *device)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if(s->sti & (IN_PLOAD | IN_CLOAD))
 		return;
@@ -1345,7 +1354,7 @@ static int tms57002_decode_get_pc(tms57002_t *s)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE(tms57002)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 	int initial_cycles = cycles;
 	int ipc = -1;
 
@@ -1409,7 +1418,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE(tms57002)
 
 static CPU_INIT(tms57002)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = device->token;
+	tms57002_t *s = get_safe_token(device);
 	tms57002_cache_flush(s);
 	s->sti = S_IDLE;
 	s->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
@@ -1427,7 +1436,7 @@ ADDRESS_MAP_END
 
 CPU_GET_INFO(tms57002)
 {
-	tms57002_t *s = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms57002_t *s = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch(state) {
 	case CPUINFO_INT_CONTEXT_SIZE:				info->i = sizeof(tms57002_t); break;
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tmsmake.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tmsmake.c
index c61c89cdd4e..305567c0b78 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tmsmake.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tmsmake.c
@@ -928,7 +928,7 @@ static void clear(void)
   clear_cat(cat3, 0x80);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
   if(argc != 3) {
     fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\n%s tmsinstr.lst tms57002.inc\n", argv[0]);
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms7000/tms7000.c b/src/emu/cpu/tms7000/tms7000.c
index 1e52cedc8b9..6dc9b9d9808 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms7000/tms7000.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms7000/tms7000.c
@@ -86,6 +86,16 @@ struct _tms7000_state
 	UINT8		idle_state;	/* Set after the execution of an idle instruction */
 };
 
+INLINE tms7000_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS7000 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_TMS7000_EXL);
+	return (tms7000_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #define pPC		cpustate->pc.w.l
 #define PC		cpustate->pc
 #define pSP		cpustate->sp
@@ -153,7 +163,7 @@ INLINE void WRF16( tms7000_state *cpustate, UINT32 mAddr, PAIR p )	/*Write regis
 
 static CPU_INIT( tms7000 )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -185,7 +195,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms7000 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( tms7000 )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 //  cpustate->architecture = (int)param;
 
@@ -229,7 +239,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( tms7000 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms7000 )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
     switch (state)
     {
@@ -256,7 +266,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( tms7000 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( tms7000 )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
     switch( state )
     {
@@ -434,7 +444,7 @@ static void tms7000_do_interrupt( tms7000_state *cpustate, UINT16 address, UINT8
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms7000 )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int op;
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
@@ -476,7 +486,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( tms7000 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms7000_exl )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int op;
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
@@ -522,7 +532,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( tms7000_exl )
  ****************************************************************************/
 void tms7000_A6EC1( const device_config *device )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
     if( (cpustate->pf[0x03] & 0x80) == 0x80 ) /* Is timer system active? */
     {
         if( (cpustate->pf[0x03] & 0x40) == 0x40) /* Is event counter the timer source? */
@@ -532,7 +542,7 @@ void tms7000_A6EC1( const device_config *device )
 
 static void tms7000_service_timer1( const device_config *device )
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
     if( --cpustate->t1_prescaler < 0 ) /* Decrement prescaler and check for underflow */
     {
         cpustate->t1_prescaler = cpustate->pf[3] & 0x1f; /* Reload prescaler (5 bit) */
@@ -552,7 +562,7 @@ static void tms7000_service_timer1( const device_config *device )
 
 static WRITE8_HANDLER( tms70x0_pf_w )	/* Perpherial file write */
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	UINT8	temp1, temp2, temp3;
 
 	switch( offset )
@@ -621,7 +631,7 @@ static WRITE8_HANDLER( tms70x0_pf_w )	/* Perpherial file write */
 
 static READ8_HANDLER( tms70x0_pf_r )	/* Perpherial file read */
 {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	UINT8 result;
 	UINT8	temp1, temp2, temp3;
 
@@ -714,11 +724,11 @@ static UINT16 bcd_sub( UINT16 a, UINT16 b)
 }
 
 static WRITE8_HANDLER( tms7000_internal_w ) {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	cpustate->rf[ offset ] = data;
 }
 
 static READ8_HANDLER( tms7000_internal_r ) {
-	tms7000_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms7000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	return cpustate->rf[ offset ];
 }
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/tms9900/99xxcore.h b/src/emu/cpu/tms9900/99xxcore.h
index 85914944f8f..0e8861e86e8 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/tms9900/99xxcore.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/tms9900/99xxcore.h
@@ -511,6 +511,15 @@ struct _tms99xx_state
 	int extra_byte;	/* buffer holding the unused byte in a word read */
 };
 
+INLINE tms99xx_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == TMS99XX_GET_INFO);
+	return (tms99xx_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #if (TMS99XX_MODEL == TMS9995_ID)
 static void reset_decrementer(tms99xx_state *cpustate);
 #endif
@@ -536,13 +545,13 @@ READ16_HANDLER(ti990_10_internal_r)
 */
 READ8_HANDLER(tms9995_internal1_r)
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	return cpustate->RAM[offset];
 }
 
 WRITE8_HANDLER(tms9995_internal1_w)
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	cpustate->RAM[offset]=data;
 }
 
@@ -551,13 +560,13 @@ WRITE8_HANDLER(tms9995_internal1_w)
 */
 READ8_HANDLER(tms9995_internal2_r)
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	return cpustate->RAM[offset+0xfc];
 }
 
 WRITE8_HANDLER(tms9995_internal2_w)
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 	cpustate->RAM[offset+0xfc]=data;
 }
 
@@ -928,7 +937,7 @@ WRITE8_HANDLER(tms9995_internal2_w)
 			/* read decrementer */
 			if (cpustate->decrementer_enabled && !(cpustate->flag & 1))
 				/* timer mode, timer enabled */
-				return ceil(cpu_attotime_to_clocks(cpustate->device, attotime_div(timer_timeleft(cpustate->timer), 16)));
+				return cpu_attotime_to_clocks(cpustate->device, attotime_div(timer_timeleft(cpustate->timer), 16));
 			else
 				/* event counter mode or timer mode, timer disabled */
 				return cpustate->decrementer_count;
@@ -992,7 +1001,7 @@ WRITE8_HANDLER(tms9995_internal2_w)
 
 			if (cpustate->decrementer_enabled && !(cpustate->flag & 1))
 				/* timer mode, timer enabled */
-				value = ceil(cpu_attotime_to_clocks(cpustate->device, attotime_div(timer_timeleft(cpustate->timer), 16)));
+				value = cpu_attotime_to_clocks(cpustate->device, attotime_div(timer_timeleft(cpustate->timer), 16));
 			else
 				/* event counter mode or timer mode, timer disabled */
 				value = cpustate->decrementer_count;
@@ -1071,7 +1080,7 @@ INLINE void WRITEREG_DEBUG(tms99xx_state *cpustate, int reg, UINT16 data)
 #if (TMS99XX_MODEL == TI990_10_ID)
 	READ8_HANDLER(ti990_10_mapper_cru_r)
 	{
-		tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+		tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 		int reply = 0;
 
 		switch(cpustate->mapper_cru_read_register)
@@ -1110,7 +1119,7 @@ INLINE void WRITEREG_DEBUG(tms99xx_state *cpustate, int reg, UINT16 data)
 
 	WRITE8_HANDLER(ti990_10_mapper_cru_w)
 	{
-		tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+		tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 		switch (offset)
 		{
 		case 0:
@@ -1152,13 +1161,13 @@ INLINE void WRITEREG_DEBUG(tms99xx_state *cpustate, int reg, UINT16 data)
 
 	READ8_HANDLER(ti990_10_eir_cru_r)
 		{
-		tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+		tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 		return (offset == 1) ? (cpustate->error_interrupt_register & 0xff) : 0;
 		}
 
 	WRITE8_HANDLER(ti990_10_eir_cru_w)
 		{
-		tms99xx_state *cpustate = space->cpu->token;
+		tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(space->cpu);
 		if (offset < 4)	/* does not work for EIR_MAPERR */
 		{
 			cpustate->error_interrupt_register &= ~ (1 << offset);
@@ -1205,7 +1214,7 @@ static void set_flag1(tms99xx_state *cpustate, int val);
 
 static void register_for_save_state(const device_config *device)
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->WP);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->PC);
 	state_save_register_device_item(device, 0, cpustate->STATUS);
@@ -1282,7 +1291,7 @@ static void register_for_save_state(const device_config *device)
 static CPU_INIT( tms99xx )
 {
 	const TMS99XX_RESET_PARAM *param = (const TMS99XX_RESET_PARAM *) device->static_config;
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	register_for_save_state(device);
 
@@ -1328,7 +1337,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( tms99xx )
 */
 static CPU_RESET( tms99xx )
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->STATUS = 0; /* TMS9980 and TMS9995 Data Books say so */
 	getstat(cpustate);
@@ -1397,7 +1406,7 @@ INLINE UINT16 fetch(tms99xx_state *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( tms99xx )
 			{
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
 	cpustate->lds_flag = 0;
@@ -1776,7 +1785,7 @@ static void tms99xx_set_irq_line(tms99xx_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state
 */
 static TIMER_CALLBACK( decrementer_callback )
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = ptr;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = (tms99xx_state *)ptr;
 
 	/* request decrementer interrupt */
 	cpustate->int_latch |= 0x8;
@@ -4576,7 +4585,7 @@ INLINE void execute(tms99xx_state *cpustate, UINT16 opcode)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( tms99xx )
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -4658,7 +4667,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( tms99xx )
 
 void TMS99XX_GET_INFO(const device_config *device, UINT32 state, cpuinfo *info)
 {
-	tms99xx_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	tms99xx_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/7810dasm.c b/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/7810dasm.c
index d71adc8247b..d199a00bc77 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/7810dasm.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/7810dasm.c
@@ -5369,7 +5369,7 @@ static offs_t Dasm( char *buffer, offs_t pc, const struct dasm_s *dasmXX, const
 	UINT32 flags = 0;
 
 	t = dasmXX[op].token;
-	a = dasmXX[op].args;
+	a = (const char *)dasmXX[op].args;
 
 	/* 0 token means prefix opcode (use table from args) */
 	if (0 == t)
@@ -5378,7 +5378,7 @@ static offs_t Dasm( char *buffer, offs_t pc, const struct dasm_s *dasmXX, const
 
 		op2 = oprom[idx++];
 		t = p_dasm[op2].token;
-		a = p_dasm[op2].args;
+		a = (const char *)p_dasm[op2].args;
 	}
 
 	buffer += sprintf(buffer, "%-8.8s", token[t]);
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/upd7810.c b/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/upd7810.c
index 0a056218ac3..829691f49e4 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/upd7810.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/upd7810/upd7810.c
@@ -502,6 +502,19 @@ struct _upd7810_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE upd7810_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_UPD7810 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_UPD7807 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_UPD7801 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_UPD78C05 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_UPD78C06);
+	return (upd7810_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #define CY	0x01
 #define F1	0x02
 #define L0	0x04
@@ -1621,7 +1634,7 @@ static void upd78c05_timers(upd7810_state *cpustate, int cycles)
 
 static CPU_INIT( upd7810 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->config = *(const UPD7810_CONFIG*) device->static_config;
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
@@ -1698,7 +1711,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( upd7810 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( upd7810 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	UPD7810_CONFIG save_config;
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
 
@@ -1743,14 +1756,14 @@ static CPU_RESET( upd7810 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( upd7807 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(upd7810);
 	cpustate->opXX = opXX_7807;
 }
 
 static CPU_RESET( upd7801 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(upd7810);
 	cpustate->op48 = op48_7801;
 	cpustate->op4C = op4C_7801;
@@ -1764,7 +1777,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( upd7801 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( upd78c05 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(upd7810);
 	cpustate->op48 = op48_78c05;
 	cpustate->op4C = op4C_78c05;
@@ -1784,7 +1797,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( upd78c05 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( upd78c06 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	CPU_RESET_CALL(upd78c05);
 	cpustate->op48 = op48_78c06;
 	cpustate->op4C = op4C_78c06;
@@ -1802,7 +1815,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( upd7810 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( upd7810 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
 	do
@@ -1927,7 +1940,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(upd7810_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( upd7810 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -2001,7 +2014,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( upd7810 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( upd7810 )
 {
-	upd7810_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	upd7810_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/v30mz/v30mz.c b/src/emu/cpu/v30mz/v30mz.c
index 9ac2d9200f7..019f17ec40f 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/v30mz/v30mz.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/v30mz/v30mz.c
@@ -92,6 +92,15 @@ struct _v30mz_state
 	UINT16 e16;
 };
 
+INLINE v30mz_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V30MZ);
+	return (v30mz_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 /***************************************************************************/
 /* cpu state                                                               */
 /***************************************************************************/
@@ -113,7 +122,7 @@ static UINT8 parity_table[256];
 
 static CPU_RESET( nec )
 {
-	v30mz_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v30mz_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
     unsigned int i,j,c;
     static const BREGS reg_name[8]={ AL, CL, DL, BL, AH, CH, DH, BH };
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
@@ -915,7 +924,7 @@ static CPU_DISASSEMBLE( nec )
 
 static void nec_init(const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback, int type)
 {
-	v30mz_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v30mz_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	state_save_register_device_item_array(device, 0, cpustate->regs.w);
 	state_save_register_device_item_array(device, 0, cpustate->sregs);
@@ -945,7 +954,7 @@ static void nec_init(const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback,
 static CPU_INIT( v30mz ) { nec_init(device, irqcallback, 3); }
 static CPU_EXECUTE( v30mz )
 {
-	v30mz_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v30mz_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount=cycles;
 
@@ -977,7 +986,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( v30mz )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( nec )
 {
-	v30mz_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v30mz_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -1033,7 +1042,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( nec )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( v30mz )
 {
-	v30mz_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	v30mz_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	int flags;
 
 	switch (state)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/v60/v60.c b/src/emu/cpu/v60/v60.c
index a7c2126b291..15e96510cf2 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/v60/v60.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/v60/v60.c
@@ -110,6 +110,16 @@ struct _v60_state
 	UINT8 				moddim;
 };
 
+INLINE v60_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V60 ||
+		   cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V70);
+	return (v60_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 /*
  * Prevent warnings on NetBSD.  All identifiers beginning with an underscore
  * followed by an uppercase letter are reserved by the C standard (ISO / IEC
@@ -324,7 +334,7 @@ static UINT32 opUNHANDLED(v60_state *cpustate)
 
 static void base_init(const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback)
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v60_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->stall_io = 0;
 	cpustate->irq_cb = irqcallback;
@@ -344,7 +354,7 @@ static void base_init(const device_config *device, cpu_irq_callback irqcallback)
 
 static CPU_INIT( v60 )
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v60_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	base_init(device, irqcallback);
 	// Set cpustate->PIR (Processor ID) for NEC cpustate-> LSB is reserved to NEC,
@@ -358,7 +368,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( v60 )
 
 static CPU_INIT( v70 )
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v60_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	base_init(device, irqcallback);
 	// Set cpustate->PIR (Processor ID) for NEC v70. LSB is reserved to NEC,
@@ -372,7 +382,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( v70 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( v60 )
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v60_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->PSW	= 0x10000000;
 	cpustate->PC	= cpustate->info.start_pc;
@@ -393,7 +403,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( v60 )
 
 void v60_stall(const device_config *device)
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v60_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->stall_io = 1;
 }
 
@@ -450,7 +460,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(v60_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( v60 )
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v60_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 	if (cpustate->irq_line != CLEAR_LINE)
@@ -482,7 +492,7 @@ CPU_DISASSEMBLE( v70 );
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( v60 )
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v60_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -562,7 +572,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( v60 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( v60 )
 {
-	v60_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	v60_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/v810/v810.c b/src/emu/cpu/v810/v810.c
index 11185d49cd5..d1ebb8b7f34 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/v810/v810.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/v810/v810.c
@@ -36,6 +36,15 @@ struct _v810_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE v810_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_V810);
+	return (v810_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #define R0 reg[0]
 #define R1 reg[1]
 #define R2 reg[2]
@@ -987,7 +996,7 @@ static UINT32 (*const OpCodeTable[64])(v810_state *cpustate,UINT32 op) =
 
 static CPU_INIT( v810 )
 {
-	v810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->irq_line = CLEAR_LINE;
 	cpustate->nmi_line = CLEAR_LINE;
@@ -1005,7 +1014,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( v810 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( v810 )
 {
-	v810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i;
 	for(i=0;i<64;i++)	cpustate->reg[i]=0;
 	cpustate->PC = 0xfffffff0;
@@ -1015,7 +1024,7 @@ static CPU_RESET( v810 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( v810 )
 {
-	v810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 	while(cpustate->icount>0)
@@ -1042,7 +1051,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(v810_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( v810 )
 {
-	v810_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	v810_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -1125,7 +1134,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( v810 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( v810 )
 {
-	v810_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	v810_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/x86log.c b/src/emu/cpu/x86log.c
index c7a1dd5e5de..94f02970587 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/x86log.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/x86log.c
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ struct _log_comment
 
 
 /* data ranges */
-typedef struct _data_range data_range;
-struct _data_range
+typedef struct _data_range_t data_range_t;
+struct _data_range_t
 {
 	x86code *		base;
 	x86code *		end;
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ struct _x86log_context
 	astring *		filename;						/* name of the file */
 	FILE *			file;							/* file we are logging to */
 
-	data_range 		data_range[MAX_DATA_RANGES];	/* list of data ranges */
+	data_range_t	data_range[MAX_DATA_RANGES];	/* list of data ranges */
 	int				data_range_count;				/* number of data ranges */
 
 	log_comment 	comment_list[MAX_COMMENTS];		/* list of comments */
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ void x86log_add_comment(x86log_context *log, x86code *base, const char *format,
 
 void x86log_mark_as_data(x86log_context *log, x86code *base, x86code *end, int size)
 {
-	data_range *data;
+	data_range_t *data;
 
 	assert(log->data_range_count < MAX_DATA_RANGES);
 	assert(end >= base);
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@ void x86log_disasm_code_range(x86log_context *log, const char *label, x86code *s
 {
 	const log_comment *lastcomment = &log->comment_list[log->comment_count];
 	const log_comment *curcomment = &log->comment_list[0];
-	const data_range *lastdata = &log->data_range[log->data_range_count];
-	const data_range *curdata = &log->data_range[0];
+	const data_range_t *lastdata = &log->data_range[log->data_range_count];
+	const data_range_t *curdata = &log->data_range[0];
 	x86code *cur = start;
 
 	/* print the optional label */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180.c b/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180.c
index 0dac61cdad1..9d8d0b02bc2 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180.c
@@ -124,6 +124,15 @@ struct _z180_state
 	int icount;
 };
 
+INLINE z180_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_Z180);
+	return (z180_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 static void set_irq_line(z180_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state);
 
 #define CF	0x01
@@ -2004,10 +2013,10 @@ static void z180_write_iolines(z180_state *cpustate, UINT32 data)
 
 static CPU_INIT( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	cpustate->daisy = NULL;
 	if (device->static_config)
-		cpustate->daisy = z80daisy_init(device, device->static_config);
+		cpustate->daisy = z80daisy_init(device, (const z80_daisy_chain *)device->static_config);
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
 	cpustate->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
@@ -2050,7 +2059,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( z180 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_RESET( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	z80_daisy_state *save_daisy;
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback;
 	cpu_state_table save_table;
@@ -2303,7 +2312,7 @@ static void check_interrupts(z180_state *cpustate)
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	int old_icount = cycles;
 	cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -2394,7 +2403,7 @@ again:
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_BURN( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	if( cycles > 0 )
 	{
 		/* NOP takes 3 cycles per instruction */
@@ -2434,7 +2443,7 @@ static CPU_TRANSLATE( z180 )
 {
 	if (space == ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM)
 	{
-		z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+		z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 		*address = MMU_REMAP_ADDR(cpustate, *address);
 	}
 	return TRUE;
@@ -2447,7 +2456,7 @@ static CPU_TRANSLATE( z180 )
 
 static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -2475,7 +2484,7 @@ static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( z180 )
 
 static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -2500,7 +2509,7 @@ static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( z180 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -2508,12 +2517,12 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( z180 )
 		case CPUINFO_INT_INPUT_STATE + Z180_INT0:		set_irq_line(cpustate, Z180_INT0, info->i);			break;
 
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as pointers to data or functions --- */
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_op: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_op] = info->p;				break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_cb: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_cb] = info->p;				break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_ed: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_ed] = info->p;				break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_xy: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_xy] = info->p;				break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_xycb: 	cc[Z180_TABLE_xycb] = info->p;				break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_ex: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_ex] = info->p;				break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_op: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_op] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;				break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_cb: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_cb] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;				break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_ed: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_ed] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;				break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_xy: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_xy] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;				break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_xycb: 	cc[Z180_TABLE_xycb] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;				break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z180_CYCLE_TABLE + Z180_TABLE_ex: 		cc[Z180_TABLE_ex] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;				break;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2524,7 +2533,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( z180 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( z180 )
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	z180_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180ops.h b/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180ops.h
index 2bb23f895cc..d208b5298d0 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180ops.h
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/z180/z180ops.h
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ INLINE void z180_mmu(z180_state *cpustate)
 #define RM(cs,addr)	memory_read_byte_8le((cs)->program, MMU_REMAP_ADDR(cs,addr))
 UINT8 z180_readmem(const device_config *device, offs_t offset)
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	return RM(cpustate, offset);
 }
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ UINT8 z180_readmem(const device_config *device, offs_t offset)
 #define WM(cs,addr,value) memory_write_byte_8le((cs)->program, MMU_REMAP_ADDR(cs,addr),value)
 void z180_writemem(const device_config *device, offs_t offset, UINT8 data)
 {
-	z180_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z180_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 	WM(cpustate, offset, data);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80.c b/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80.c
index 53582fa4b76..13253ca42bf 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80.c
@@ -138,6 +138,15 @@ struct _z80_state
 	UINT8 rtemp;
 };
 
+INLINE z80_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_Z80);
+	return (z80_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 #define CF		0x01
 #define NF		0x02
 #define PF		0x04
@@ -3322,7 +3331,7 @@ static void take_interrupt(z80_state *z80)
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_INIT( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *z80 = device->token;
+	z80_state *z80 = get_safe_token(device);
 	int i, p;
 
 	/* setup cycle tables */
@@ -3444,7 +3453,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( z80 )
 	/* Reset registers to their initial values */
 	memset(z80, 0, sizeof(*z80));
 	if (device->static_config != NULL)
-		z80->daisy = z80daisy_init(device, device->static_config);
+		z80->daisy = z80daisy_init(device, (const z80_daisy_chain *)device->static_config);
 	z80->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	z80->device = device;
 	z80->program = memory_find_address_space(device, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM);
@@ -3463,7 +3472,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( z80 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_RESET( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *z80 = device->token;
+	z80_state *z80 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	z80->PC = 0x0000;
 	z80->i = 0;
@@ -3493,7 +3502,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( z80 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_EXECUTE( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *z80 = device->token;
+	z80_state *z80 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	z80->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -3535,7 +3544,7 @@ static CPU_EXECUTE( z80 )
  ****************************************************************************/
 static CPU_BURN( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *z80 = device->token;
+	z80_state *z80 = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	if( cycles > 0 )
 	{
@@ -3577,7 +3586,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(z80_state *z80, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z80_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -3595,7 +3604,7 @@ static CPU_IMPORT_STATE( z80 )
 
 static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z80_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (entry->index)
 	{
@@ -3616,7 +3625,7 @@ static CPU_EXPORT_STATE( z80 )
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *z80 = device->token;
+	z80_state *z80 = get_safe_token(device);
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as 64-bit signed integers --- */
@@ -3624,12 +3633,12 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( z80 )
 		case CPUINFO_INT_INPUT_STATE + 0:					set_irq_line(z80, 0, info->i);		break;
 
 		/* --- the following bits of info are set as pointers to data or functions --- */
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_op:	cc[Z80_TABLE_op] = info->p;			break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_cb:	cc[Z80_TABLE_cb] = info->p;			break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_ed:	cc[Z80_TABLE_ed] = info->p;			break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_xy:	cc[Z80_TABLE_xy] = info->p;			break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_xycb:	cc[Z80_TABLE_xycb] = info->p;		break;
-		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_ex:	cc[Z80_TABLE_ex] = info->p;			break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_op:	cc[Z80_TABLE_op] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;			break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_cb:	cc[Z80_TABLE_cb] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;			break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_ed:	cc[Z80_TABLE_ed] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;			break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_xy:	cc[Z80_TABLE_xy] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;			break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_xycb:	cc[Z80_TABLE_xycb] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;		break;
+		case CPUINFO_PTR_Z80_CYCLE_TABLE + Z80_TABLE_ex:	cc[Z80_TABLE_ex] = (const UINT8 *)info->p;			break;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -3641,7 +3650,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( z80 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( z80 )
 {
-	z80_state *z80 = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	z80_state *z80 = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 	switch (state)
 	{
 		/* --- the following bits of info are returned as 64-bit signed integers --- */
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80daisy.c b/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80daisy.c
index f7a6ebfc27f..eb15e3c2621 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80daisy.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/z80/z80daisy.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ z80_daisy_state *z80daisy_init(const device_config *cpudevice, const z80_daisy_c
 	/* create a linked list of devices */
 	for ( ; daisy->devname != NULL; daisy++)
 	{
-		*tailptr = auto_malloc(sizeof(**tailptr));
+		*tailptr = (z80_daisy_state *)auto_malloc(sizeof(**tailptr));
 		(*tailptr)->next = NULL;
 		(*tailptr)->device = devtag_get_device(cpudevice->machine, device_inherit_tag(tempstring, cpudevice->tag, daisy->devname));
 		if ((*tailptr)->device == NULL)
diff --git a/src/emu/cpu/z8000/z8000.c b/src/emu/cpu/z8000/z8000.c
index 87f43c6bbd9..cf7c304b849 100644
--- a/src/emu/cpu/z8000/z8000.c
+++ b/src/emu/cpu/z8000/z8000.c
@@ -86,6 +86,15 @@ struct _z8000_state
 
 #include "z8000cpu.h"
 
+INLINE z8000_state *get_safe_token(const device_config *device)
+{
+	assert(device != NULL);
+	assert(device->token != NULL);
+	assert(device->type == CPU);
+	assert(cpu_get_type(device) == CPU_Z8000);
+	return (z8000_state *)device->token;
+}
+
 /* opcode execution table */
 Z8000_exec *z8000_exec = NULL;
 
@@ -335,7 +344,7 @@ INLINE void Interrupt(z8000_state *cpustate)
 
 static CPU_INIT( z8000 )
 {
-	z8000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z8000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpustate->irq_callback = irqcallback;
 	cpustate->device = device;
@@ -349,7 +358,7 @@ static CPU_INIT( z8000 )
 
 static CPU_RESET( z8000 )
 {
-	z8000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z8000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	cpu_irq_callback save_irqcallback = cpustate->irq_callback;
 	memset(cpustate, 0, sizeof(*cpustate));
@@ -368,7 +377,7 @@ static CPU_EXIT( z8000 )
 
 static CPU_EXECUTE( z8000 )
 {
-	z8000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z8000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
     cpustate->icount = cycles;
 
@@ -461,7 +470,7 @@ static void set_irq_line(z8000_state *cpustate, int irqline, int state)
 
 static CPU_SET_INFO( z8000 )
 {
-	z8000_state *cpustate = device->token;
+	z8000_state *cpustate = get_safe_token(device);
 
 	switch (state)
 	{
@@ -507,7 +516,7 @@ static CPU_SET_INFO( z8000 )
 
 CPU_GET_INFO( z8000 )
 {
-	z8000_state *cpustate = (device != NULL) ? device->token : NULL;
+	z8000_state *cpustate = (device != NULL && device->token != NULL) ? get_safe_token(device) : NULL;
 
 	switch (state)
 	{