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SS-30 DC5: drive select inhibit; dynamic clock rates; motor timer updates. (#5511)
Bit 7 of the control register inhibits all drive select lines when high and this is now implemented. This was a long standing feature in this line of floppy disk controller boards. The drives are also inhibited when the motor timer has timed out. It is not just their motors that are off. Add a conf option to interpret bit 7 of the control register as an 'erroneous' side select, and log such usage. Some drivers use bit 7 for side selection and this option help work around them and adapt them. Add support to set the clock rate using the DC5 extended control register, and update the associated code. The clock rate config option is now only an 'expected' rate and may be null. Clarify that the motor timer is only triggered by access to the FDC registers and not by access to the control registers. There appears to be a common error in drivers, they access the control register and then wait a period, and it appears they wait for the motor to spin up, but that can not happen. The problem appears to be documented, flaky disk booting, having to reset and try again and again. It seems best to deal with that in boot and driver software rather than an emulator hack. The motors are on, or off, irrespective of drive selection. Rewrite the updating of the floppy and FDC state based on the control register and the motor timer out, so that the latched control register state is respected when the motor timer output changes - it had been just turning the motors on or off but the drive selection also needs to be updated. Reset the DDEN input, setting it for single density, upon device reset. Default DC5 to 16 byte address mode to suit the SWTPC 6809 - the SWTPC 6800 overrides this default for it's 4 byte address mode. Indentation fixes.
This commit is contained in:
R. Belmont
GitHub
commit
613008f725
@ -6,6 +6,25 @@
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See: http://www.swtpc.com/mholley/DC_5/DC5_Index.htm
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The DC5 features an extra control register compared with the DC4. This
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extra register can be enabled or disabled via a jumper setting. This
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register is write only, and reading back gives a version number of 0x02.
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This register can be useful for setting the clock rate, and particular
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clock rates are needed for difference floppy disk sizes and formats. The
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clock rates are control by bits bits 2 and 3 as follows: 0x00 gives 1MHz,
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0x04 gives 1.2MHz, 0x80 gives 2MHz, and 0xC0 gives 2.4MHz.
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This register also controls the single versus double density format
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selection, via bit 5, so 0x00 gives double density and 0x20 gives single
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density.
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Software is typically not written for this DC5 extended control register,
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but typically does not touch it. Thus is can be practical to work with a
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purely single or double density disk by setting that format in this
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control register. Most virtual disks appear to fit this pattern, rather
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than mixing single and double density in the one disk.
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**********************************************************************/
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#include "emu.h"
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@ -25,10 +44,11 @@ public:
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, m_floppy1(*this, "fdc:1")
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, m_floppy2(*this, "fdc:2")
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, m_floppy3(*this, "fdc:3")
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, m_clock(*this, "clock")
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, m_interrupt_select(*this, "interrupt_select")
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, m_address_mode(*this, "address_mode")
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, m_two_control_regs(*this, "two_control_regs")
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, m_ctrl_reg_bit7_side_select(*this, "ctrl_reg_bit7_side_select")
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, m_expected_clock(*this, "expected_clock")
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, m_expected_density(*this, "expected_density")
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, m_expected_sectors(*this, "expected_sectors")
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, m_track_zero_expected_sectors(*this, "track_zero_expected_sectors")
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@ -51,17 +71,20 @@ private:
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DECLARE_FLOPPY_FORMATS(floppy_formats);
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uint8_t m_fdc_status; // for floppy controller
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int m_floppy_motor_on;
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uint8_t m_control_register;
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uint8_t m_motor_timer_out;
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emu_timer *m_floppy_motor_timer;
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floppy_image_device *m_fdc_floppy; // Current selected floppy.
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floppy_image_device *m_fdc_selected_floppy; // Current selected floppy.
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uint8_t m_fdc_side; // Current floppy side.
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uint32_t m_fdc_clock; // Current clock frequency.
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TIMER_CALLBACK_MEMBER(floppy_motor_callback);
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void floppy_motor_trigger();
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void control_register_update();
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void validate_floppy_side(uint8_t cmd);
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uint8_t validate_fdc_dden(uint8_t dden);
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uint8_t validate_fdc_sso(uint8_t cmd);
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uint8_t validate_fdc_sector_size(uint8_t cmd);
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required_device<wd2797_device> m_fdc;
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@ -69,10 +92,11 @@ private:
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required_device<floppy_connector> m_floppy1;
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required_device<floppy_connector> m_floppy2;
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required_device<floppy_connector> m_floppy3;
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required_ioport m_clock;
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required_ioport m_interrupt_select;
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required_ioport m_address_mode;
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required_ioport m_two_control_regs;
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required_ioport m_ctrl_reg_bit7_side_select;
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required_ioport m_expected_clock;
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required_ioport m_expected_density;
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required_ioport m_expected_sectors;
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required_ioport m_track_zero_expected_sectors;
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@ -96,16 +120,34 @@ static INPUT_PORTS_START( dc5 )
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PORT_DIPSETTING(0, "No, DC4 compatible")
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PORT_DIPSETTING(1, "Yes, DC5 extension")
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// single or double density 5.24" - 1.0MHz
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// 'standard' 3.5" - 1.2MHz
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// 3.5" hd - 2.0MHz
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// This config setting allows checking of the FDC clock rate and
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// overriding it to assist driver development. The DC5 supports
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// programming of the clock rate via the second control register, and
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// that setting can be validate using this setting. This setting also
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// sets overrides the initial clock rate which is otherwise 1MHz.
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//
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// Some common rates:
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// 5.25" single or double density - 1.0MHz
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// 3.5" 'standard' - 1.2MHz
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// 3.5" HD - 2.0MHz
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// 8" 360rpm - 2.4MHz
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PORT_START("clock")
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PORT_DIPNAME(0xffffff, 1000000, "FDC clock")
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PORT_DIPSETTING(1000000, "1.0 MHz")
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PORT_DIPSETTING(1200000, "1.2 MHz")
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PORT_DIPSETTING(2000000, "2.0 MHz")
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PORT_DIPSETTING(2400000, "2.4 MHz")
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PORT_START("expected_clock")
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PORT_CONFNAME(0xffffff, 0, "FDC expected clock rate")
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PORT_CONFSETTING(0, "-")
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PORT_CONFSETTING(1000000, "1.0 MHz")
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PORT_CONFSETTING(1200000, "1.2 MHz")
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PORT_CONFSETTING(2000000, "2.0 MHz")
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PORT_CONFSETTING(2400000, "2.4 MHz")
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// It is not uncommon to see drivers using bit 7 of the control
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// register as a side selection. This conflicts with the DC5, and
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// earlier controllers in this series, which use bit 7 to inhibit
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// drive selection. These drivers need to be corrected, but this
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// option helps identify this issue and work around it.
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PORT_START("ctrl_reg_bit7_side_select")
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PORT_CONFNAME(0x01, 0, "Control register bit 7")
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PORT_CONFSETTING(0, "Inhibits drive selection")
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PORT_CONFSETTING(1, "Erroneous side select")
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// Debug aid to hard code the density. The FLEX format uses single
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// density for track zero. Many virtual disks 'fix' the format to be
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@ -206,17 +248,23 @@ void ss50_dc5_device::device_add_mconfig(machine_config &config)
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void ss50_dc5_device::device_reset()
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{
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uint32_t clock = m_clock->read();
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// Initialize to the expected rate if any, otherwise to 1MHz.
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uint32_t clock = m_expected_clock->read();
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clock = clock ? clock : 1000000;
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m_fdc->set_unscaled_clock(clock);
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m_fdc_clock = clock;
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// The reset state of DDEN for the DC5 is one, so selecting single density.
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m_fdc->dden_w(1);
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}
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void ss50_dc5_device::device_start()
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{
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m_fdc_status = 0;
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m_control_register = 0;
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m_fdc_side = 0;
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m_floppy_motor_timer = machine().scheduler().timer_alloc(timer_expired_delegate(FUNC(ss50_dc5_device::floppy_motor_callback),this));
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m_floppy_motor_on = 0;
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m_motor_timer_out = 0;
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}
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@ -224,21 +272,21 @@ void ss50_dc5_device::device_start()
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void ss50_dc5_device::floppy_motor_trigger()
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{
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m_floppy0->get_device()->mon_w(CLEAR_LINE);
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m_floppy1->get_device()->mon_w(CLEAR_LINE);
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m_floppy2->get_device()->mon_w(CLEAR_LINE);
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m_floppy3->get_device()->mon_w(CLEAR_LINE);
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m_floppy_motor_timer->adjust(attotime::from_msec(30000));
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m_floppy_motor_on = 1;
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if (!m_motor_timer_out)
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{
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m_motor_timer_out = 1;
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control_register_update();
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}
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}
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TIMER_CALLBACK_MEMBER(ss50_dc5_device::floppy_motor_callback)
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{
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m_floppy0->get_device()->mon_w(ASSERT_LINE);
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m_floppy1->get_device()->mon_w(ASSERT_LINE);
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m_floppy2->get_device()->mon_w(ASSERT_LINE);
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m_floppy3->get_device()->mon_w(ASSERT_LINE);
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m_floppy_motor_on = 0;
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if (m_motor_timer_out)
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{
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m_motor_timer_out = 0;
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control_register_update();
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}
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}
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// On a FDC command write, check that the floppy side is as expected given
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@ -261,9 +309,10 @@ void ss50_dc5_device::validate_floppy_side(uint8_t cmd)
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if (m_fdc_side != expected_side)
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{
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if (m_fdc_floppy)
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logerror("%s Unexpected size %d for track %d sector %d expected side %d\n", machine().describe_context(), m_fdc_side, track, sector, expected_side);
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if (m_fdc_selected_floppy)
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{
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m_fdc_floppy->ss_w(expected_side);
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m_fdc_selected_floppy->ss_w(expected_side);
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m_fdc_side = expected_side;
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}
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}
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@ -275,9 +324,10 @@ void ss50_dc5_device::validate_floppy_side(uint8_t cmd)
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if (m_fdc_side != expected_side)
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{
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if (m_fdc_floppy)
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logerror("%s Unexpected side %d for track %d sector %d expected side %d\n", machine().describe_context(), m_fdc_side, track, sector, expected_side);
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if (m_fdc_selected_floppy)
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{
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m_fdc_floppy->ss_w(expected_side);
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m_fdc_selected_floppy->ss_w(expected_side);
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m_fdc_side = expected_side;
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}
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}
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@ -285,16 +335,91 @@ void ss50_dc5_device::validate_floppy_side(uint8_t cmd)
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}
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}
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// Note the dden line is low for double density.
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uint8_t ss50_dc5_device::validate_fdc_dden(uint8_t dden)
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{
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uint8_t expected_density = m_expected_density->read();
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switch (expected_density)
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{
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case 1:
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// Single density.
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if (!dden)
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logerror("%s Unexpected DDEN %d for single density\n", machine().describe_context(), dden);
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return 1;
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case 2:
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{
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// Double density with track zero single density.
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uint8_t track = m_fdc->track_r();
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if (track == 0)
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{
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// If this path is call on an update of the
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// second control register then the track need
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// not be accurate so this message might not
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// be accurate.
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if (!dden)
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logerror("%s Unexpected DDEN %d for single density trak 0\n", machine().describe_context(), dden);
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return 1;
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}
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if (dden)
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logerror("%s Unexpected DDEN %d for double density\n", machine().describe_context(), dden);
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return 0;
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}
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case 3:
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// Pure double density.
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if (dden)
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logerror("%s Unexpected DDEN %d for double density\n", machine().describe_context(), dden);
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return 0;
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default:
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return dden;
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}
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}
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uint8_t ss50_dc5_device::validate_fdc_sso(uint8_t cmd)
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{
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// The DC4 and DC5 invert the SSO output and wire it to the DDEN input
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// to allow selection of single or double density.
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// In the DC5 two-register mode the SSO pin does not control DDEN.
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uint32_t two_regs = m_two_control_regs->read();
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if (two_regs)
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{
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// How if drivers are attempting to use SSO to control the
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// density then that might need correcting so report such
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// usage.
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logerror("%s Unexpected SSO flag set in two control registers mode\n", machine().describe_context());
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return cmd;
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}
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// The SSO is only loaded for type II and III commands.
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if ((cmd & 0xe1) == 0x80 ||
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(cmd & 0xe0) == 0xa0 ||
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(cmd & 0xf9) == 0xc0 ||
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(cmd & 0xf9) == 0xe0 ||
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(cmd & 0xf9) == 0xf0)
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{
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// The SSO output is inverted and input to DDEN.
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uint8_t dden = !BIT(cmd, 1);
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uint8_t sso = !validate_fdc_dden(dden);
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cmd = (cmd & 0xfd) | (sso << 1);
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}
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return cmd;
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}
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// The WD2797 supports an alternate interpretation of the sector size. Check
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// that the flag is as expected and return the corrected command if necessary.
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// that the flag is as expected for FLEX and return the corrected command if
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// necessary.
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uint8_t ss50_dc5_device::validate_fdc_sector_size(uint8_t cmd)
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{
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if ((cmd & 0xe1) == 0x80 || (cmd & 0xe0) == 0xa0)
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{
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// Check that the sector size L flag is set, as expected.
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// Check that the sector length flag is set as expected.
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uint8_t sector_length_default = cmd & 0x08;
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if (!sector_length_default)
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if (sector_length_default != 0x08)
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{
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logerror("%s Unexpected sector length default %02x\n", machine().describe_context(), sector_length_default);
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// Patch the sector length flag.
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cmd |= 0x08;
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}
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}
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@ -330,49 +455,121 @@ WRITE_LINE_MEMBER( ss50_dc5_device::fdc_drq_w )
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WRITE_LINE_MEMBER( ss50_dc5_device::fdc_sso_w )
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{
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// The DC4 and DC5 invert the SSO output and wire it to the
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// DDEN input to allow selection of single or double density.
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// The DC4 and DC5 invert the SSO output and wire it to the DDEN input
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// to allow selection of single or double density.
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// A DC5 extension. In two-register mode the SSO pin does not
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// control DDEN.
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uint32_t two_regs = m_two_control_regs->read();
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if (two_regs)
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return;
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// A DC5 extension. In two-register mode the SSO pin does not control
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// DDEN.
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uint32_t two_regs = m_two_control_regs->read();
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if (two_regs)
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return;
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// However there are a lot of boot loaders that will
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// not work properly with this, so allow other options.
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uint8_t expected_density = m_expected_density->read();
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switch (expected_density)
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// However there are a lot of boot loaders that will
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// not work properly with this, so allow other options.
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uint8_t expected_density = m_expected_density->read();
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switch (expected_density)
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{
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case 1:
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// Single density.
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if (state)
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logerror("Unexpected SSO %d for single density\n", state);
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m_fdc->dden_w(1);
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break;
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case 2:
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{
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case 1:
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// Single density.
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m_fdc->dden_w(1);
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break;
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case 2:
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{
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// Double density with track zero single density.
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uint8_t track = m_fdc->track_r();
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// Double density with track zero single density.
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uint8_t track = m_fdc->track_r();
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if (track == 0)
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{
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m_fdc->dden_w(1);
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}
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else
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{
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m_fdc->dden_w(0);
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}
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break;
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if (track == 0)
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{
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if (state)
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logerror("Unexpected SSO %d for single density trak 0\n", state);
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m_fdc->dden_w(1);
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}
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case 3:
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// Pure double density.
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else
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{
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if (!state)
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logerror("Unexpected SSO %d for double density\n", state);
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m_fdc->dden_w(0);
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break;
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default:
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m_fdc->dden_w(!state);
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break;
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}
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break;
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}
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case 3:
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// Pure double density.
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if (!state)
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logerror("Unexpected SSO %d for double density\n", state);
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m_fdc->dden_w(0);
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break;
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default:
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m_fdc->dden_w(!state);
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break;
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}
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}
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// Called when state affected by the control register changes, when the
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// control register is modified, or when the motor starts or stops.
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void ss50_dc5_device::control_register_update()
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{
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// The floppy drives do not gate the motor based on the select input,
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// so the motors run, or not, irrespective of the drive selection.
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uint8_t motor = m_motor_timer_out ? CLEAR_LINE : ASSERT_LINE;
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m_floppy0->get_device()->mon_w(motor);
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m_floppy1->get_device()->mon_w(motor);
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m_floppy2->get_device()->mon_w(motor);
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m_floppy3->get_device()->mon_w(motor);
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// The DC2, DC3, DC4, DC5 have a drive inhibit feature controlled by
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// bit 7, and the drives are de-selected if the motor timer has timed
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// out.
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uint8_t inhibit = BIT(m_control_register, 7);
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// However it is common to see drivers using bit 7 for side selection,
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// so offer any alternative interpretation as a work around.
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uint8_t bit7_side_select = m_ctrl_reg_bit7_side_select->read();
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floppy_image_device *floppy = nullptr;
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|
||||
if ((bit7_side_select || !inhibit) && m_motor_timer_out)
|
||||
{
|
||||
uint8_t drive = m_control_register & 3;
|
||||
if (drive == 0) floppy = m_floppy0->get_device();
|
||||
if (drive == 1) floppy = m_floppy1->get_device();
|
||||
if (drive == 2) floppy = m_floppy2->get_device();
|
||||
if (drive == 3) floppy = m_floppy3->get_device();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (floppy != m_fdc_selected_floppy)
|
||||
{
|
||||
m_fdc->set_floppy(floppy);
|
||||
m_fdc_selected_floppy = floppy;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (floppy)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// The DC3, DC4, DC5 have a side select feature that is
|
||||
// controlled by bit 6. The DC1 and DC2 do not have a floppy
|
||||
// side output so did not support double sided disks.
|
||||
uint8_t side = BIT(m_control_register, 6);
|
||||
|
||||
if (bit7_side_select)
|
||||
{
|
||||
uint8_t bit7 = BIT(m_control_register, 7);
|
||||
if (bit7)
|
||||
logerror("%s Unexpected use of DC5 control register bit 7 for side selection.\n", machine().describe_context());
|
||||
// OR together the side selection bits. This appears
|
||||
// the most useful choice because drivers in error are
|
||||
// most likely just writing to the wrong bit rather
|
||||
// than inconsistently to both bits. This allows
|
||||
// incremental correction of driver while spotting
|
||||
// remaining uses of bit 7 for side selection.
|
||||
side |= bit7;
|
||||
}
|
||||
floppy->ss_w(side);
|
||||
m_fdc_side = side;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
//-------------------------------------------------
|
||||
// register_read - read from a port register
|
||||
//-------------------------------------------------
|
||||
@ -396,6 +593,9 @@ uint8_t ss50_dc5_device::register_read(offs_t offset)
|
||||
{
|
||||
uint32_t two_regs = m_two_control_regs->read();
|
||||
|
||||
// Note: access to this control register does not trigger the
|
||||
// motor on and and does not reset the motor timer.
|
||||
|
||||
if (!two_regs || (offset & 2) == 0)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Control register 8014 / e014 read.
|
||||
@ -444,60 +644,69 @@ void ss50_dc5_device::register_write(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
|
||||
// Control register(s) 8014-8017 E014-E017
|
||||
uint32_t two_regs = m_two_control_regs->read();
|
||||
|
||||
// Note: access to this control register does not trigger the
|
||||
// motor on and and does not reset the motor timer.
|
||||
|
||||
if (!two_regs || (offset & 2) == 0)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Control register 8014 / e014 write.
|
||||
floppy_image_device *floppy = nullptr;
|
||||
uint8_t drive = data & 3;
|
||||
|
||||
// The DC2, DC3, DC4, DC5 have a drive inhibit feature
|
||||
// controlled by bit 7. Have not seen software use that?
|
||||
|
||||
if (drive == 0) floppy = m_floppy0->get_device();
|
||||
if (drive == 1) floppy = m_floppy1->get_device();
|
||||
if (drive == 2) floppy = m_floppy2->get_device();
|
||||
if (drive == 3) floppy = m_floppy3->get_device();
|
||||
|
||||
if (floppy != m_fdc_floppy)
|
||||
{
|
||||
m_fdc->set_floppy(floppy);
|
||||
m_fdc_floppy = floppy;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (floppy)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// The DC3, DC4, DC5 have a side select feature that
|
||||
// is controlled by bit 6. The DC1 and DC2 do not have
|
||||
// a floppy side output.
|
||||
uint8_t side = BIT(data, 6);
|
||||
floppy->ss_w(side);
|
||||
m_fdc_side = side;
|
||||
}
|
||||
m_control_register = data;
|
||||
control_register_update();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (two_regs && (offset & 2) == 2)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// DC5 extended control register 8016 / E016.
|
||||
#if 0
|
||||
// TODO DC5 clocking extensions.
|
||||
|
||||
// Osc20 and osc12 control a clock divider.
|
||||
uint8_t osc12 = BIT(data, 2);
|
||||
uint8_t osc20 = BIT(data, 3);
|
||||
uint32_t clock = 1000000;
|
||||
if (osc20)
|
||||
|
||||
// Note: supporting 2.4MHz is here is an extension to
|
||||
// the published DC5 design, and appears necessary to
|
||||
// support 360 rpm 8" drives. The case in which osc20
|
||||
// and osc12 are high generates 2.0MHz in the
|
||||
// published design, and that is redundant and is used
|
||||
// here to generate 2.4MHz. The DC5 is an open design
|
||||
// using a PLD and this variation can be programmed
|
||||
// into the DC5 hardware. The 2.4MHz rate appears to
|
||||
// be outside the limit for the WD2797 which appears
|
||||
// to be 2.173MHz. TODO explore this further; were the
|
||||
// 8" drives run at 300rpm; is there an error in the
|
||||
// rates elsewhere?
|
||||
if (osc20 && osc12)
|
||||
clock = 2400000;
|
||||
else if (osc20)
|
||||
clock = 2000000;
|
||||
else if (osc12)
|
||||
clock = 1200000;
|
||||
m_fdc->set_unscaled_clock(clock);
|
||||
m_fdc_clock = clock;
|
||||
|
||||
// Compare to the expected clock rate if any.
|
||||
uint32_t expected_clock = m_expected_clock->read();
|
||||
if (expected_clock && clock != expected_clock)
|
||||
{
|
||||
logerror("%s Unexpected clock rate of %dHz expected %dHz.\n", machine().describe_context(), clock, expected_clock);
|
||||
clock = expected_clock;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (clock != m_fdc_clock)
|
||||
{
|
||||
m_fdc->set_unscaled_clock(clock);
|
||||
m_fdc_clock = clock;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#if 0
|
||||
// Connects to the WD2979 5/8 pin.
|
||||
// TODO is this needed for the emulator?
|
||||
uint8_t five_or_eight = BIT(data, 4);
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
// In this two-register mode the FDC SSO output pin
|
||||
// does not control DDEN.
|
||||
uint8_t dden = BIT(data, 5);
|
||||
// does not control DDEN. The bit 5 value is inverted
|
||||
// and input to DDEN.
|
||||
uint8_t dden = !BIT(data, 5);
|
||||
dden = validate_fdc_dden(dden);
|
||||
m_fdc->dden_w(dden);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -511,6 +720,7 @@ void ss50_dc5_device::register_write(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
|
||||
if (offset == 0) {
|
||||
validate_floppy_side(data);
|
||||
data = validate_fdc_sector_size(data);
|
||||
data = validate_fdc_sso(data);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
m_fdc->wd2797_device::write(offset, data);
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user