From 8d80c1f25952441f64a027aeed183f50302962ae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: fulivi Date: Tue, 9 Feb 2016 14:08:02 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] hp9845: major update to TACO driver, it can read&write tapes now. To be cleaned. --- src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp | 995 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h | 102 +++- 2 files changed, 971 insertions(+), 126 deletions(-) diff --git a/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp index 1597c5c5733..388cd1acdfe 100644 --- a/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp +++ b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp @@ -44,19 +44,32 @@ // Timers enum { - TAPE_TMR_ID + TAPE_TMR_ID, + HOLE_TMR_ID }; // Constants #define CMD_REG_MASK 0xffc0 // Command register mask #define STATUS_REG_MASK 0x003f // Status register mask -#define STATUS_ERR_MASK 0x0002 // Mask of errors in status reg. #define TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH 968 // Tachometer pulses per inch of tape movement +#define TAPE_POS_FRACT 1024 // 10 bits of fractional part in tape_pos_t +#define ONE_INCH_POS (TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH * TAPE_POS_FRACT) // Value in tape_pos_t representing 1 inch of tape #define TACH_FREQ_SLOW 21276 // Tachometer pulse frequency for slow speed (21.98 ips) #define TACH_FREQ_FAST 87196 // Tachometer pulse frequency for fast speed (90.08 ips) -#define TAPE_LENGTH ((140 * 12 + 72 * 2) * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH) // Tape length (in tachometer pulses): 140 ft of usable tape + 72" of punched tape at either end -#define TAPE_INIT_POS (80 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH) // Initial tape position: 80" from beginning (just past the punched part) -#define QUICK_CMD_USEC 10 // usec for "quick" command execution +#define TAPE_LENGTH ((140 * 12 + 72 * 2) * ONE_INCH_POS) // Tape length: 140 ft of usable tape + 72" of punched tape at either end +#define TAPE_INIT_POS (80 * ONE_INCH_POS) // Initial tape position: 80" from beginning (just past the punched part) +#define ZERO_BIT_LEN 619 // Length of 0 bits at slow tape speed: 1/(35200 Hz) +#define ONE_BIT_LEN 1083 // Length of 1 bits at slow tape speed: 1.75 times ZERO_BIT_LEN +#define QUICK_CMD_USEC 25 // usec for "quick" command execution +#define FAST_BRAKE_MSEC 73 // Braking time from fast speed to stop (2 ips) in msec (deceleration is 1200 in/s^2) +#define SLOW_BRAKE_MSEC 17 // Braking time from slow speed to stop in msec +#define FAST_BRAKE_DIST 3350450 // Braking distance at fast speed (~3.38 in) +#define SLOW_BRAKE_DIST 197883 // Braking distance at slow speed (~0.2 in) +#define PREAMBLE_WORD 0 // Value of preamble word +#define END_GAP_LENGTH (6 * ONE_INCH_POS) // Length of final gap: 6" +#define MIN_IRG_LENGTH ((tape_pos_t)(0.2 * ONE_INCH_POS)) // Minimum length of IRGs: 0.2" (from 9825, not sure about value in TACO) +#define NULL_TAPE_POS ((tape_pos_t)-1) // Special value for invalid/unknown tape position +#define NO_DATA_GAP (17 * ONE_BIT_LEN) // Minimum gap size to detect end of data: length of longest word (0xffff) // Parts of command register #define CMD_CODE(reg) \ @@ -67,10 +80,14 @@ enum { (BIT(reg , 7)) #define CMD_OPT(reg) \ (BIT(reg , 6)) +#define UNKNOWN_B9(reg) \ + (BIT(reg , 9)) +#define DIR_FWD_MASK BIT_MASK(15) // Direction = forward +#define SPEED_FAST_MASK BIT_MASK(7) // Speed = fast // Commands enum { - CMD_ALIGN_0, // 00: header alignment (?) + CMD_INDTA_INGAP, // 00: scan for data first then for gap CMD_UNK_01, // 01: unknown CMD_FINAL_GAP, // 02: write final gap CMD_INIT_WRITE, // 03: write words for tape formatting @@ -82,11 +99,11 @@ enum { CMD_UNK_09, // 09: unknown CMD_MOVE, // 0a: move tape CMD_UNK_0b, // 0b: unknown - CMD_UNK_0c, // 0c: unknown* + CMD_INGAP_MOVE, // 0c: scan for gap then move a bit further (used to gain some margin when inverting tape movement) CMD_UNK_0d, // 0d: unknown CMD_CLEAR, // 0e: clear errors/unlatch status bits CMD_UNK_0f, // 0f: unknown - CMD_ALIGN_PREAMBLE, // 10: align to end of preamble (?) + CMD_NOT_INDTA, // 10: scan for end of data CMD_UNK_11, // 11: unknown CMD_UNK_12, // 12: unknown CMD_UNK_13, // 13: unknown @@ -96,11 +113,11 @@ enum { CMD_UNK_17, // 17: unknown CMD_SCAN_RECORDS, // 18: scan records (count IRGs) CMD_RECORD_WRITE, // 19: write record words - CMD_UNK_MOVE, // 1a: some kind of tape movement - CMD_UNK_1b, // 1b: unknown - CMD_DELTA_MOVE_REC, // 1c: move tape a given distance (optionally stop at 1st record) (?) + CMD_MOVE_INDTA, // 1a: move then scan for data + CMD_UNK_1b, // 1b: unknown (for now it seems harmless to handle it as NOP) + CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE, // 1c: move tape a given distance, intr at end or first hole found (whichever comes first) CMD_START_READ, // 1d: start record reading - CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG, // 1e: move tape a given distance (optionally stop at 1st IRG) + CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG, // 1e: move tape a given distance, detect gaps in parallel CMD_END_READ // 1f: stop reading }; @@ -111,6 +128,9 @@ enum { #define STATUS_WPR_BIT 3 // Write protection #define STATUS_GAP_BIT 4 // Gap detected #define STATUS_TRACKB_BIT 5 // Track B selected +#define STATUS_CART_OUT_MASK BIT_MASK(STATUS_CART_OUT_BIT) // Cartridge out +#define STATUS_WPR_MASK BIT_MASK(STATUS_WPR_BIT) // Write protection +#define STATUS_ERR_MASK (STATUS_CART_OUT_MASK) // Mask of errors in status reg. // *** Position of tape holes *** // At beginning of tape: @@ -125,17 +145,17 @@ enum { // O O O O // static const hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t tape_holes[] = { - (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(23.891 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH), // 24 - 0.218 / 2 - (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(24.109 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH), // 24 + 0.218 / 2 - (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(35.891 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH), // 36 - 0.218 / 2 - (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(36.109 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH), // 36 + 0.218 / 2 - (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(47.891 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH), // 48 - 0.218 / 2 - (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(48.109 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH), // 48 + 0.218 / 2 - 72 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH, // 72 - 1752 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH, // 1752 - 1776 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH, // 1776 - 1788 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH, // 1788 - 1800 * TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH // 1800 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(23.891 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 24 - 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(24.109 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 24 + 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(35.891 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 36 - 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(36.109 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 36 + 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(47.891 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 48 - 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(48.109 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 48 + 0.218 / 2 + 72 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 72 + 1752 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 1752 + 1776 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 1776 + 1788 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 1788 + 1800 * ONE_INCH_POS // 1800 }; // Device type definition @@ -148,6 +168,7 @@ hp_taco_device::hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, m_flg_handler(*this), m_sts_handler(*this), m_data_reg(0), + m_data_reg_full(false), m_cmd_reg(0), m_status_reg(0), m_tach_reg(0), @@ -163,6 +184,7 @@ hp_taco_device::hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, d m_flg_handler(*this), m_sts_handler(*this), m_data_reg(0), + m_data_reg_full(false), m_cmd_reg(0), m_status_reg(0), m_tach_reg(0), @@ -183,6 +205,7 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(hp_taco_device::reg_w) case 0: // Data register m_data_reg = data; + m_data_reg_full = true; break; case 1: @@ -226,7 +249,7 @@ READ16_MEMBER(hp_taco_device::reg_r) break; case 3: - // Checksum register + // Checksum register: it clears when read res = m_checksum_reg; m_checksum_reg = 0; break; @@ -255,7 +278,9 @@ void hp_taco_device::device_start() m_sts_handler.resolve_safe(); save_item(NAME(m_data_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_data_reg_full)); save_item(NAME(m_cmd_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_cmd_state)); save_item(NAME(m_status_reg)); save_item(NAME(m_tach_reg)); save_item(NAME(m_checksum_reg)); @@ -265,20 +290,43 @@ void hp_taco_device::device_start() save_item(NAME(m_sts)); save_item(NAME(m_tape_pos)); save_item(NAME(m_start_time)); + save_item(NAME(m_tape_fwd)); + save_item(NAME(m_tape_fast)); m_tape_timer = timer_alloc(TAPE_TMR_ID); + m_hole_timer = timer_alloc(HOLE_TMR_ID); + + FILE *in = fopen("tape_dump.bin" , "rb"); + if (in != NULL) { + load_tape(in); + fclose(in); + } +} + +// device_stop +void hp_taco_device::device_stop() +{ + LOG(("**device_stop**\n")); + FILE *out = fopen("tape_dump.bin" , "wb"); + if (out != NULL) { + save_tape(out); + fclose(out); + } } // device_reset void hp_taco_device::device_reset() { m_data_reg = 0; + m_data_reg_full = false; m_cmd_reg = 0; m_status_reg = 0; m_tach_reg = 0; m_checksum_reg = 0; m_timing_reg = 0; m_start_time = attotime::never; + m_rd_it_valid = false; + m_gap_detect_start = NULL_TAPE_POS; m_irq = false; m_flg = true; @@ -290,23 +338,152 @@ void hp_taco_device::device_reset() void hp_taco_device::device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int param, void *ptr) { + if (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg) != CMD_STOP) { + update_tape_pos(); + } + switch (id) { case TAPE_TMR_ID: LOG(("Tape tmr @%g\n" , machine().time().as_double())); + + tape_pos_t length; + switch (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg)) { - case CMD_MOVE: - // Generate an interrupt each time a hole is crossed (tape doesn't stop) - update_tape_pos(); - m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_target(next_hole(DIR_FWD(m_cmd_reg)) , SPEED_FAST(m_cmd_reg))); - BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + case CMD_INDTA_INGAP: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 1, MIN_IRG_LENGTH)) { + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_target(target)); + } + return; + } break; - case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_REC: - case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG: - // Interrupt & stop at end of movement + case CMD_RECORD_WRITE: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + if (m_rd_it->second == PREAMBLE_WORD) { + LOG(("Got preamble\n")); + m_cmd_state = 1; + // m_rw_pos already at correct position + m_tape_timer->adjust(fetch_next_wr_word()); + break; + } else { + adv_res_t res = adv_it(m_rd_it); + if (res != ADV_NO_MORE_DATA) { + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos)); + } + // No IRQ + return; + } + } + // Intentional fall-through + case CMD_INIT_WRITE: + write_word(m_rw_pos , m_next_word , length); + pos_offset(m_rw_pos , length); + // Just to be sure.. + m_tape_pos = m_rw_pos; + m_tape_timer->adjust(fetch_next_wr_word()); + break; + + case CMD_STOP: + move_tape_pos(m_tape_fast ? FAST_BRAKE_DIST : SLOW_BRAKE_DIST); stop_tape(); break; + case CMD_INGAP_MOVE: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_tach_pulses()); + return; + } + break; + + case CMD_FINAL_GAP: + case CMD_WRITE_IRG: + write_gap(m_rw_pos , m_tape_pos); + m_hole_timer->reset(); + break; + + case CMD_SCAN_RECORDS: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 0x10000U - m_tach_reg, MIN_IRG_LENGTH)) { + LOG(("%u gaps @%d\n" , 0x10000U - m_tach_reg, target)); + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_target(target)); + } + return; + } else { + m_hole_timer->reset(); + } + break; + + case CMD_MOVE_INDTA: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + if (next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , true)) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_target(farthest_end(m_rd_it))); + } + // No IRQ + return; + } + // m_cmd_state == 1 -> IRQ & cmd end + break; + + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE: + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG: + // Interrupt at end of movement + m_hole_timer->reset(); + break; + + case CMD_START_READ: + { + bool set_intr = true; + // Just to be sure.. + m_tape_pos = m_rw_pos; + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + set_intr = false; + if (m_rd_it->second == PREAMBLE_WORD) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + } + LOG(("Got preamble\n")); + } else { + m_data_reg = m_rd_it->second; + m_checksum_reg += m_data_reg; + LOG(("RD %04x\n" , m_data_reg)); + } + adv_res_t res = adv_it(m_rd_it); + LOG(("adv_it %d\n" , res)); + if (res == ADV_NO_MORE_DATA) { + m_rd_it_valid = false; + } else { + if (res == ADV_DISCONT_DATA) { + // Hit a gap, restart preamble search + m_cmd_state = 0; + } + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos)); + } + if (!set_intr) { + return; + } + } + break; + + case CMD_END_READ: + { + m_tape_pos = m_rw_pos; + // Note: checksum is not updated + m_data_reg = m_rd_it->second; + LOG(("Final RD %04x\n" , m_data_reg)); + adv_res_t res = adv_it(m_rd_it); + if (res == ADV_NO_MORE_DATA) { + m_rd_it_valid = false; + } + m_hole_timer->reset(); + } + break; + default: // Other commands: just raise irq break; @@ -314,6 +491,46 @@ void hp_taco_device::device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int para irq_w(true); break; + case HOLE_TMR_ID: + LOG(("Hole tmr @%g\n" , machine().time().as_double())); + + BIT_SET(m_status_reg , STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + + switch (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg)) { + case CMD_FINAL_GAP: + case CMD_WRITE_IRG: + write_gap(m_rw_pos , m_tape_pos); + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + break; + + case CMD_SCAN_RECORDS: + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE: + // Cmds 18 & 1c are terminated at first hole + m_tape_timer->reset(); + irq_w(true); + // No reloading of hole timer + return; + + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG: + // TODO: update r6 + m_hole_timer->adjust(time_to_next_hole()); + // No IRQ at holes + return; + + case CMD_START_READ: + case CMD_END_READ: + set_error(true); + break; + + default: + // Other cmds: default processing (update tape pos, set IRQ, schedule timer for next hole) + break; + } + + irq_w(true); + m_hole_timer->adjust(time_to_next_hole()); + break; + default: break; } @@ -335,62 +552,93 @@ void hp_taco_device::set_error(bool state) LOG(("error = %d\n" , state)); } -bool hp_taco_device::check_for_errors(void) +unsigned hp_taco_device::speed_to_tick_freq(void) const { - // Is it an error when "status" flag is already reporting an error? Dunno... - if ((m_status_reg & STATUS_ERR_MASK) != 0) { - set_error(true); + return m_tape_fast ? TACH_FREQ_FAST * TAPE_POS_FRACT : TACH_FREQ_SLOW * TAPE_POS_FRACT; +} + +bool hp_taco_device::pos_offset(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_pos_t offset) const +{ + if (offset == 0) { return true; - } else { + } + + if (!m_tape_fwd) { + offset = -offset; + } + + pos += offset; + + // In real life tape would unspool.. + if (pos > TAPE_LENGTH) { + pos = TAPE_LENGTH; return false; + } else if (pos < 0) { + pos = 0; + return false; + } else { + return true; } } -unsigned hp_taco_device::speed_to_tick_freq(bool fast) +void hp_taco_device::move_tape_pos(tape_pos_t delta_pos) { - return fast ? TACH_FREQ_FAST : TACH_FREQ_SLOW; + tape_pos_t tape_start_pos = m_tape_pos; + if (!pos_offset(m_tape_pos , delta_pos)) { + LOG(("Tape unspooled!\n")); + } + m_start_time = machine().time(); + LOG(("Tape pos = %u\n" , m_tape_pos)); + if (any_hole(tape_start_pos , m_tape_pos)) { + // Crossed one or more holes + BIT_SET(m_status_reg , STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + } } void hp_taco_device::update_tape_pos(void) { + if (m_start_time.is_never()) { + // Tape not moving + return; + } + attotime delta_time(machine().time() - m_start_time); - m_start_time = machine().time(); LOG(("delta_time = %g\n" , delta_time.as_double())); // How many tachometer ticks has the tape moved? - unsigned delta_tach = (unsigned)(delta_time.as_ticks(speed_to_tick_freq(SPEED_FAST(m_cmd_reg)))); + tape_pos_t delta_tach = (tape_pos_t)(delta_time.as_ticks(speed_to_tick_freq())); LOG(("delta_tach = %u\n" , delta_tach)); - if (DIR_FWD(m_cmd_reg)) { - // Forward - m_tape_pos += delta_tach; + move_tape_pos(delta_tach); - // In real life tape would unspool.. - if (m_tape_pos > TAPE_LENGTH) { - m_tape_pos = TAPE_LENGTH; - LOG(("Tape unspooled at the end!\n")); - } - } else { - // Reverse - if (delta_tach >= m_tape_pos) { - m_tape_pos = 0; - LOG(("Tape unspooled at the start!\n")); - } else { - m_tape_pos -= delta_tach; - } + // Gap detection + bool gap_detected = false; + if (m_gap_detect_start != NULL_TAPE_POS && abs(m_gap_detect_start - m_tape_pos) >= MIN_IRG_LENGTH) { + tape_pos_t tmp = m_tape_pos; + pos_offset(tmp , -MIN_IRG_LENGTH); + gap_detected = just_gap(tmp , m_tape_pos); + } + if (gap_detected) { + BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + } else { + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::ensure_a_lt_b(tape_pos_t& a , tape_pos_t& b) +{ + if (a > b) { + // Ensure A always comes before B + tape_pos_t tmp; + tmp = a; + a = b; + b = tmp; } - LOG(("Tape pos = %u\n" , m_tape_pos)); } // Is there any hole in a given section of tape? bool hp_taco_device::any_hole(tape_pos_t tape_pos_a , tape_pos_t tape_pos_b) { - if (tape_pos_a > tape_pos_b) { - // Ensure A always comes before B - tape_pos_t tmp; - tmp = tape_pos_a; - tape_pos_a = tape_pos_b; - tape_pos_b = tmp; - } + ensure_a_lt_b(tape_pos_a , tape_pos_b); for (tape_pos_t hole : tape_holes) { if (tape_pos_a < hole && tape_pos_b >= hole) { @@ -402,9 +650,9 @@ bool hp_taco_device::any_hole(tape_pos_t tape_pos_a , tape_pos_t tape_pos_b) } // Position of next hole tape will reach in a given direction -hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::next_hole(bool fwd) const +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::next_hole(void) const { - if (fwd) { + if (m_tape_fwd) { for (tape_pos_t hole : tape_holes) { if (hole > m_tape_pos) { LOG(("next hole fwd @%u = %u\n" , m_tape_pos , hole)); @@ -425,92 +673,631 @@ hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::next_hole(bool fwd) const } } -attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_distance(tape_pos_t distance, bool fast) +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::met_first(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b , bool fwd , bool& is_a) +{ + if (fwd) { + if (a < b) { + is_a = true; + return a; + } else { + is_a = false; + return b; + } + } else { + if (a >= b) { + is_a = true; + return a; + } else { + is_a = false; + return b; + } + } +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_distance(tape_pos_t distance) const { // +1 for rounding - return attotime::from_ticks(distance + 1 , speed_to_tick_freq(fast)); + return attotime::from_ticks(distance + 1 , speed_to_tick_freq()); } -attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_target(tape_pos_t target, bool fast) const +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_target(tape_pos_t target) const { - return time_to_distance(abs(target - m_tape_pos), fast); + return time_to_distance(abs(target - m_tape_pos)); } -void hp_taco_device::start_tape(void) +bool hp_taco_device::start_tape_cmd(UINT16 cmd_reg , UINT16 must_be_1 , UINT16 must_be_0) { - m_start_time = machine().time(); - BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + m_cmd_reg = cmd_reg; + + UINT16 to_be_tested = (m_cmd_reg & CMD_REG_MASK) | (m_status_reg & STATUS_REG_MASK); + // Bits in STATUS_ERR_MASK must always be 0 + must_be_0 |= STATUS_ERR_MASK; + + // It's not an error if the error state is already set (sts false) + if (((to_be_tested & (must_be_1 | must_be_0)) ^ must_be_1) != 0) { + set_error(true); + return false; + } else { + bool prev_tape_wr = m_tape_wr; + bool prev_tape_fwd = m_tape_fwd; + bool prev_tape_fast = m_tape_fast; + bool not_moving = m_start_time.is_never(); + + m_start_time = machine().time(); + m_tape_wr = (must_be_0 & STATUS_WPR_MASK) != 0; + m_tape_fwd = DIR_FWD(m_cmd_reg); + m_tape_fast = SPEED_FAST(m_cmd_reg); + // TODO: remove? + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + + if (m_tape_wr) { + // Write command: disable gap detector + m_gap_detect_start = NULL_TAPE_POS; + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + } else if (not_moving || prev_tape_wr != m_tape_wr || prev_tape_fwd != m_tape_fwd || prev_tape_fast != m_tape_fast) { + // Tape started right now, switched from writing to reading, direction changed or speed changed: (re)start gap detector + m_gap_detect_start = m_tape_pos; + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + } + return true; + } } void hp_taco_device::stop_tape(void) { - if (!m_start_time.is_never()) { - tape_pos_t tape_start_pos = m_tape_pos; - update_tape_pos(); - if (any_hole(tape_start_pos , m_tape_pos)) { - // Crossed one or more holes - BIT_SET(m_status_reg , STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + m_start_time = attotime::never; + m_gap_detect_start = NULL_TAPE_POS; +} + +hp_taco_device::tape_track_t& hp_taco_device::current_track(void) +{ + return m_tracks[ BIT(m_status_reg , STATUS_TRACKB_BIT) ]; +} + +// Return physical length of a 16-bit word on tape +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::word_length(tape_word_t w) +{ + unsigned zeros , ones; + + // pop count of w + ones = (w & 0x5555) + ((w >> 1) & 0x5555); + ones = (ones & 0x3333) + ((ones >> 2) & 0x3333); + ones = (ones & 0x0f0f) + ((ones >> 4) & 0x0f0f); + ones = (ones & 0x00ff) + ((ones >> 8) & 0x00ff); + + zeros = 16 - ones; + + // Physical encoding of words is borrowed from 9825 as I wasn't able + // to gather any info on the actual encoding of TACO chips. + // This should be enough for emulation. + // Anyway, this is how 9825 encodes words on tape: + // - the unit of encoding are 16-bit words + // - each word is encoded from MSB to LSB + // - each word has an extra "1" encoded at the end + // - a 0 is encoded with a distance between flux reversals of 1/35200 s + // - a 1 is encoded with a distance that's 1.75 times that of a 0 + return zeros * ZERO_BIT_LEN + (ones + 1) * ONE_BIT_LEN; +} + +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::word_end_pos(const tape_track_t::iterator& it) +{ + return it->first + word_length(it->second); +} + +void hp_taco_device::adjust_it(tape_track_t& track , tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos) +{ + if (it != track.begin()) { + it--; + if (word_end_pos(it) <= pos) { + it++; } - m_start_time = attotime::never; } - m_tape_timer->reset(); +} + +// Write a word on current tape track +void hp_taco_device::write_word(tape_pos_t start , tape_word_t word , tape_pos_t& length) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + tape_track_t::iterator it_low = track.lower_bound(start); + adjust_it(track , it_low , start); + length = word_length(word); + tape_pos_t end_pos = start + length; + tape_track_t::iterator it_high = track.lower_bound(end_pos); + + track.erase(it_low , it_high); + + track.insert(it_high , std::make_pair(start, word)); + LOG(("WR %04x @ T%u:%u\n" , word , BIT(m_status_reg , STATUS_TRACKB_BIT) , start)); +} + +// Write a gap on current track +void hp_taco_device::write_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b) +{ + ensure_a_lt_b(a , b); + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + tape_track_t::iterator it_low = track.lower_bound(a); + adjust_it(track , it_low , a); + tape_track_t::iterator it_high = track.lower_bound(b); + + track.erase(it_low, it_high); + + LOG(("GAP on T%u:[%u,%u)\n" , BIT(m_status_reg , STATUS_TRACKB_BIT) , a , b)); +} + +bool hp_taco_device::just_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b) +{ + ensure_a_lt_b(a , b); + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + tape_track_t::iterator it_low = track.lower_bound(a); + tape_track_t::iterator it_high = track.lower_bound(b); + + adjust_it(track, it_low, a); + + return it_low == it_high; +} + +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::farthest_end(const tape_track_t::iterator& it) const +{ + if (m_tape_fwd) { + return word_end_pos(it); + } else { + return it->first; + } +} + +bool hp_taco_device::next_data(tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos , bool inclusive) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + it = track.lower_bound(pos); + if (m_tape_fwd) { + if (inclusive) { + adjust_it(track, it, pos); + } + return it != track.end(); + } else { + // Never more than 2 iterations + do { + if (it == track.begin()) { + it = track.end(); + return false; + } + it--; + } while (!inclusive && word_end_pos(it) > pos); + return true; + } +} + +hp_taco_device::adv_res_t hp_taco_device::adv_it(tape_track_t::iterator& it) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + if (m_tape_fwd) { + tape_pos_t prev_pos = word_end_pos(it); + it++; + if (it == track.end()) { + return ADV_NO_MORE_DATA; + } else { + adv_res_t res = prev_pos == it->first ? ADV_CONT_DATA : ADV_DISCONT_DATA; + return res; + } + } else { + if (it == track.begin()) { + it = track.end(); + return ADV_NO_MORE_DATA; + } else { + tape_pos_t prev_pos = it->first; + it--; + return prev_pos == word_end_pos(it) ? ADV_CONT_DATA : ADV_DISCONT_DATA; + } + } +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::fetch_next_wr_word(void) +{ + if (m_data_reg_full) { + m_next_word = m_data_reg; + m_data_reg_full = false; + LOG(("next %04x (DR)\n" , m_next_word)); + } else { + // When data register is empty, write checksum word + m_next_word = m_checksum_reg; + LOG(("next %04x (CS)\n" , m_next_word)); + } + // Update checksum with new word + m_checksum_reg += m_next_word; + + return time_to_distance(word_length(m_next_word)); +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_rd_next_word(tape_pos_t& word_rd_pos) +{ + if (m_rd_it_valid) { + word_rd_pos = farthest_end(m_rd_it); + return time_to_target(word_rd_pos); + } else { + return attotime::never; + } +} + +/** + * Scan for next "n_gaps" gaps + * + * @param[in,out] pos Start position on input, start of gap on output + * @param it Pointer to data word where scan is to start + * @param n_gaps Number of gaps to scan + * @param min_gap Minimum gap size + * + * @return true if n_gaps gaps are found + */ +bool hp_taco_device::next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_track_t::iterator it , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + bool done = false; + tape_track_t::iterator prev_it; + + if (m_tape_fwd) { + tape_pos_t next_pos; + + while (1) { + if (it == track.end()) { + next_pos = TAPE_LENGTH; + done = true; + } else { + next_pos = it->first; + } + if (((next_pos - pos) >= min_gap && --n_gaps == 0) || done) { + break; + } + adv_res_t adv_res; + do { + prev_it = it; + adv_res = adv_it(it); + } while (adv_res == ADV_CONT_DATA); + pos = word_end_pos(prev_it); + } + } else { + tape_pos_t next_pos; + + while (1) { + if (it == track.end()) { + next_pos = 0; + done = true; + } else { + next_pos = word_end_pos(it); + } + if (((pos - next_pos) >= min_gap && --n_gaps == 0) || done) { + break; + } + adv_res_t adv_res; + do { + prev_it = it; + adv_res = adv_it(it); + } while (adv_res == ADV_CONT_DATA); + pos = prev_it->first; + } + } + + // Set "pos" where minimum gap size is met + pos_offset(pos , min_gap); + + return n_gaps == 0; +} + +bool hp_taco_device::next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap) +{ + tape_track_t::iterator it; + // First align with next data + next_data(it, pos, true); + // Then scan for n_gaps + return next_n_gap(pos, it, n_gaps, min_gap); +} + +void hp_taco_device::dump_sequence(FILE *out , tape_track_t::const_iterator it_start , unsigned n_words) +{ + if (n_words) { + UINT32 tmp32; + UINT16 tmp16; + + tmp32 = n_words; + fwrite(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32) , 1 , out); + tmp32 = it_start->first; + fwrite(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32) , 1 , out); + + for (unsigned i = 0; i < n_words; i++) { + tmp16 = it_start->second; + fwrite(&tmp16 , sizeof(tmp16) , 1 , out); + it_start++; + } + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::save_tape(FILE *out) const +{ + UINT32 tmp32; + + for (unsigned track_n = 0; track_n < 2; track_n++) { + const tape_track_t& track = m_tracks[ track_n ]; + tape_pos_t next_pos = (tape_pos_t)-1; + unsigned n_words = 0; + tape_track_t::const_iterator it_start; + for (tape_track_t::const_iterator it = track.cbegin(); it != track.cend(); it++) { + if (it->first != next_pos) { + dump_sequence(out , it_start , n_words); + it_start = it; + n_words = 0; + } + next_pos = it->first + word_length(it->second); + n_words++; + } + dump_sequence(out , it_start , n_words); + // End of track + tmp32 = (UINT32)-1; + fwrite(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32) , 1 , out); + } +} + +bool hp_taco_device::load_track(FILE *in , tape_track_t& track) +{ + UINT32 tmp32; + + track.clear(); + + while (1) { + if (fread(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32) , 1 , in) != 1) { + return false; + } + + if (tmp32 == (UINT32)-1) { + return true; + } + + unsigned n_words = tmp32; + + if (fread(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32) , 1 , in) != 1) { + return false; + } + + tape_pos_t pos = (tape_pos_t)tmp32; + + for (unsigned i = 0; i < n_words; i++) { + UINT16 tmp16; + + if (fread(&tmp16 , sizeof(tmp16) , 1 , in) != 1) { + return false; + } + + // TODO: usare end() come hint + track.insert(std::make_pair(pos , tmp16)); + pos += word_length(tmp16); + } + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::load_tape(FILE *in) +{ + for (unsigned track_n = 0; track_n < 2; track_n++) { + if (!load_track(in , m_tracks[ track_n ])) { + LOG(("load_tape failed")); + for (track_n = 0; track_n < 2; track_n++) { + m_tracks[ track_n ].clear(); + } + break; + } + } + LOG(("load_tape done\n")); +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_next_hole(void) const +{ + return time_to_target(next_hole()); +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_tach_pulses(void) const +{ + return time_to_distance((tape_pos_t)(0x10000U - m_tach_reg) * TAPE_POS_FRACT); } void hp_taco_device::start_cmd_exec(UINT16 new_cmd_reg) { LOG(("Cmd = %02x\n" , CMD_CODE(new_cmd_reg))); + update_tape_pos(); + attotime cmd_duration = attotime::never; + attotime time_to_hole = attotime::never; - // Should irq be raised anyway when already in error condition? Here we do nothing. + unsigned new_cmd_code = CMD_CODE(new_cmd_reg); + + if (new_cmd_code != CMD_START_READ && + new_cmd_code != CMD_END_READ && + new_cmd_code != CMD_CLEAR) { + m_rd_it_valid = false; + } + + switch (new_cmd_code) { + case CMD_INDTA_INGAP: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + if (next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , true)) { + cmd_duration = time_to_target(farthest_end(m_rd_it)); + } + } + break; + + case CMD_FINAL_GAP: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , STATUS_WPR_MASK)) { + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + cmd_duration = time_to_distance(END_GAP_LENGTH); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; - switch (CMD_CODE(new_cmd_reg)) { case CMD_CLEAR: set_error(false); BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_HOLE_BIT); // This is a special command: it doesn't raise IRQ at completion and it - // doesn't replace the current command, if any. + // doesn't replace current command return; + case CMD_NOT_INDTA: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 1, NO_DATA_GAP)) { + LOG(("End of data @%d\n" , target)); + cmd_duration = time_to_target(target); + } + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_INIT_WRITE: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT,fast speed,reverse + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , DIR_FWD_MASK , STATUS_WPR_MASK | SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_next_word = PREAMBLE_WORD; + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + cmd_duration = time_to_distance(word_length(m_next_word)); + } + break; + case CMD_STOP: - stop_tape(); - cmd_duration = attotime::from_usec(QUICK_CMD_USEC); + if (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg) != CMD_STOP) { + if (m_start_time.is_never()) { + // Tape is already stopped + cmd_duration = attotime::from_usec(QUICK_CMD_USEC); + } else { + // Start braking timer + cmd_duration = attotime::from_msec(m_tape_fast ? FAST_BRAKE_MSEC : SLOW_BRAKE_MSEC); + } + m_cmd_reg = new_cmd_reg; + } else { + // TODO: check if ok + return; + } break; case CMD_SET_TRACK: - if (!check_for_errors()) { - if (CMD_OPT(new_cmd_reg)) { - BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_TRACKB_BIT); - } else { - BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_TRACKB_BIT); + // Don't know if this command really starts the tape or not (probably it doesn't) + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + // When b9 is 0, set track A/B + // When b9 is 1, ignore command (in TACO chip it has an unknown purpose) + if (!UNKNOWN_B9(new_cmd_reg)) { + if (CMD_OPT(new_cmd_reg)) { + BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_TRACKB_BIT); + } else { + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_TRACKB_BIT); + } } cmd_duration = attotime::from_usec(QUICK_CMD_USEC); } break; case CMD_MOVE: - stop_tape(); - if (!check_for_errors()) { - start_tape(); - cmd_duration = time_to_target(next_hole(DIR_FWD(new_cmd_reg)) , SPEED_FAST(new_cmd_reg)); + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); } break; - case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_REC: + case CMD_INGAP_MOVE: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 1, MIN_IRG_LENGTH)) { + LOG(("IRG @%d\n" , target)); + cmd_duration = time_to_target(target); + } + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_WRITE_IRG: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , STATUS_WPR_MASK)) { + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + cmd_duration = time_to_tach_pulses(); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_SCAN_RECORDS: + // Errors: CART OUT + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + if (next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , true)) { + cmd_duration = time_to_target(farthest_end(m_rd_it)); + } + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_RECORD_WRITE: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT,fast speed,reverse + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , DIR_FWD_MASK , STATUS_WPR_MASK | SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + // Search for preamble first + m_cmd_state = 0; + m_rd_it_valid = next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , false); + cmd_duration = time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos); + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_MOVE_INDTA: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + cmd_duration = time_to_tach_pulses(); + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_UNK_1b: + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + // Unknown purpose, but make it a NOP (it's used in "T" test of test ROM) + cmd_duration = attotime::from_usec(QUICK_CMD_USEC); + } + break; + + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE: case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG: - // TODO: record/irg detection - stop_tape(); - if (!check_for_errors()) { - start_tape(); - cmd_duration = time_to_distance(0x10000U - m_tach_reg , SPEED_FAST(new_cmd_reg)); + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + cmd_duration = time_to_tach_pulses(); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_START_READ: + // Yes, you can read tape backwards: test "C" does that! + // Because of this DIR_FWD_MASK is not in the "must be 1" mask. + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + // TODO: check anche m_rw_pos sforato + if (!m_rd_it_valid) { + // Search for preamble first + m_cmd_state = 0; + m_rd_it_valid = next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , false); + } + + cmd_duration = time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_END_READ: + // This command only makes sense after CMD_START_READ + if (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg) == CMD_START_READ && m_cmd_state == 1 && + start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + LOG(("END_READ %d\n" , m_rd_it_valid)); + cmd_duration = time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); } break; default: LOG(("Unrecognized command\n")); - return; + break; } m_tape_timer->adjust(cmd_duration); - m_cmd_reg = new_cmd_reg; + m_hole_timer->adjust(time_to_hole); } diff --git a/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h index e279d045d10..a08b0c59ded 100644 --- a/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h +++ b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h @@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ #ifndef __HP_TACO_H__ #define __HP_TACO_H__ +#include + #define MCFG_TACO_IRQ_HANDLER(_devcb) \ devcb = &hp_taco_device::set_irq_handler(*device , DEVCB_##_devcb); @@ -23,15 +25,15 @@ class hp_taco_device : public device_t { public: - // construction/destruction - hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *name, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock, const char *shortname); - hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock); + // construction/destruction + hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *name, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock, const char *shortname); + hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock); // static configuration helpers - template static devcb_base &set_irq_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast(device).m_irq_handler.set_callback(object); } - template static devcb_base &set_flg_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast(device).m_flg_handler.set_callback(object); } - template static devcb_base &set_sts_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast(device).m_sts_handler.set_callback(object); } - + template static devcb_base &set_irq_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast(device).m_irq_handler.set_callback(object); } + template static devcb_base &set_flg_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast(device).m_flg_handler.set_callback(object); } + template static devcb_base &set_sts_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast(device).m_sts_handler.set_callback(object); } + // Register read/write DECLARE_WRITE16_MEMBER(reg_w); DECLARE_READ16_MEMBER(reg_r); @@ -40,21 +42,30 @@ public: DECLARE_READ_LINE_MEMBER(flg_r); DECLARE_READ_LINE_MEMBER(sts_r); - typedef UINT32 tape_pos_t; + // Tape position, 1 unit = 1 inch / (968 * 1024) + typedef INT32 tape_pos_t; + + // Words stored on tape + typedef UINT16 tape_word_t; protected: - // device-level overrides - virtual void device_start() override; - virtual void device_reset() override; - virtual void device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int param, void *ptr) override; - + // device-level overrides + virtual void device_start() override; + virtual void device_stop() override; + virtual void device_reset() override; + virtual void device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int param, void *ptr) override; + private: + // Storage of tracks: mapping from a tape position to word stored there + typedef std::map tape_track_t; + devcb_write_line m_irq_handler; devcb_write_line m_flg_handler; devcb_write_line m_sts_handler; // Registers UINT16 m_data_reg; + bool m_data_reg_full; UINT16 m_cmd_reg; UINT16 m_status_reg; UINT16 m_tach_reg; @@ -65,25 +76,72 @@ private: bool m_irq; bool m_flg; bool m_sts; + UINT8 m_cmd_state; - // Tape position + // Tape position & motion tape_pos_t m_tape_pos; - attotime m_start_time; + attotime m_start_time; // Tape moving if != never + bool m_tape_fwd; + bool m_tape_fast; // Timers emu_timer *m_tape_timer; + emu_timer *m_hole_timer; + + // Content of tape tracks + tape_track_t m_tracks[ 2 ]; + + // Reading & writing + bool m_tape_wr; + tape_pos_t m_rw_pos; + UINT16 m_next_word; + tape_track_t::iterator m_rd_it; + bool m_rd_it_valid; + + // Gap detection + tape_pos_t m_gap_detect_start; + + typedef enum { + ADV_NO_MORE_DATA, + ADV_CONT_DATA, + ADV_DISCONT_DATA + } adv_res_t; void irq_w(bool state); void set_error(bool state); - bool check_for_errors(void); - static unsigned speed_to_tick_freq(bool fast); + unsigned speed_to_tick_freq(void) const; + bool pos_offset(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_pos_t offset) const; + void move_tape_pos(tape_pos_t delta_pos); void update_tape_pos(void); - static bool any_hole(UINT32 tape_pos_a , UINT32 tape_pos_b); - UINT32 next_hole(bool fwd) const; - static attotime time_to_distance(UINT32 distance, bool fast); - attotime time_to_target(UINT32 target, bool fast) const; - void start_tape(void); + static void ensure_a_lt_b(tape_pos_t& a , tape_pos_t& b); + static bool any_hole(tape_pos_t tape_pos_a , tape_pos_t tape_pos_b); + tape_pos_t next_hole(void) const; + static tape_pos_t met_first(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b , bool fwd , bool& is_a); + attotime time_to_distance(tape_pos_t distance) const; + attotime time_to_target(tape_pos_t target) const; + bool start_tape_cmd(UINT16 cmd_reg , UINT16 must_be_1 , UINT16 must_be_0); + void start_tape(UINT16 cmd_reg); void stop_tape(void); + tape_track_t& current_track(void); + static tape_pos_t word_length(tape_word_t w); + static tape_pos_t word_end_pos(const tape_track_t::iterator& it); + static void adjust_it(tape_track_t& track , tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos); + void write_word(tape_pos_t start , tape_word_t word , tape_pos_t& length); + void write_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b); + bool just_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b); + tape_pos_t farthest_end(const tape_track_t::iterator& it) const; + bool next_data(tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos , bool inclusive); + adv_res_t adv_it(tape_track_t::iterator& it); + attotime fetch_next_wr_word(void); + attotime time_to_rd_next_word(tape_pos_t& word_rd_pos); + bool next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_track_t::iterator it , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap); + bool next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap); + static void dump_sequence(FILE *out , tape_track_t::const_iterator it_start , unsigned n_words); + void save_tape(FILE *out) const; + bool load_track(FILE *in , tape_track_t& track); + void load_tape(FILE *in); + attotime time_to_next_hole(void) const; + attotime time_to_tach_pulses(void) const; void start_cmd_exec(UINT16 new_cmd_reg); };