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ay8910: reorder documentation,

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misc: remove some use of set_log
This commit is contained in:
hap 2023-07-26 12:45:48 +02:00
parent 7d50cecddb
commit f69af40d25
11 changed files with 266 additions and 282 deletions
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4
src/devices/bus/bbc/tube/tube_a500.cpp
View File

@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ void bbc_tube_a500_device::device_add_mconfig(machine_config &config)
m_ioc->kout_w().set("keyboard", FUNC(archimedes_keyboard_device::kin_w));
m_ioc->peripheral_r<4>().set(m_ula, FUNC(tube_device::parasite_r));
m_ioc->peripheral_w<4>().set(m_ula, FUNC(tube_device::parasite_w));
m_ioc->peripheral_r<6>().set_log("IOC: External Expansion R");
m_ioc->peripheral_w<6>().set_log("IOC: External Expansion W");
m_ioc->peripheral_r<6>().set([this]() { logerror("%s IOC: External Expansion R\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xffffffff; });
m_ioc->peripheral_w<6>().set([this](uint32_t data) { logerror("%s IOC: External Expansion W %08X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
ARCHIMEDES_KEYBOARD(config, "keyboard").kout().set(m_ioc, FUNC(acorn_ioc_device::kin_w));

486
src/devices/sound/ay8910.cpp
View File

@ -1,193 +1,73 @@
// license:BSD-3-Clause
// copyright-holders:Couriersud
/*
* Couriersud, July 2014:
*
* This documents recent work on the AY8910. A YM2149 is now on it's way from
* Hong Kong as well.
*
* TODO:
*
* - Create a true sound device nAY8910 driver.
* - implement approach outlined below in this driver.
*
* For years I had a AY8910 in my drawer. Arduinos were around as well.
* Using the approach documented in this blog post
* http://www.986-studio.com/2014/05/18/another-ay-entry/#more-476
* I measured the output voltages using a Extech 520.
*
* Measurement Setup
*
* Laptop <--> Arduino <---> AY8910
*
* AY8910 Registers:
* 0x07: 3f
* 0x08: RV
* 0x09: RV
* 0x0A: RV
*
* Output was measured on Analog Output B with a resistor RD to
* ground.
*
* Measurement results:
*
* RD 983 9.830k 99.5k 1.001M open
*
* RV B B B B B
* 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0011 0.0616
* 1 0.0106 0.0998 0.6680 1.8150 2.7260
* 2 0.0150 0.1377 0.8320 1.9890 2.8120
* 3 0.0222 0.1960 1.0260 2.1740 2.9000
* 4 0.0320 0.2708 1.2320 2.3360 2.9760
* 5 0.0466 0.3719 1.4530 2.4880 3.0440
* 6 0.0665 0.4938 1.6680 2.6280 3.1130
* 7 0.1039 0.6910 1.9500 2.7900 3.1860
* 8 0.1237 0.7790 2.0500 2.8590 3.2340
* 9 0.1986 1.0660 2.3320 3.0090 3.3090
* 10 0.2803 1.3010 2.5050 3.0850 3.3380
* 11 0.3548 1.4740 2.6170 3.1340 3.3590
* 12 0.4702 1.6870 2.7340 3.1800 3.3730
* 13 0.6030 1.8870 2.8410 3.2300 3.4050
* 14 0.7530 2.0740 2.9280 3.2580 3.4170
* 15 0.9250 2.2510 3.0040 3.2940 3.4380
*
* Using an equivalent model approach with two resistors
*
* 5V
* |
* Z
* Z Resistor Value for RV
* Z
* |
* +---> Output signal
* |
* Z
* Z External RD
* Z
* |
* GND
*
* will NOT work out of the box since RV = RV(RD).
*
* The following approach will be used going forward based on die pictures
* of the AY8910 done by Dr. Stack van Hay:
*
*
* 5V
* _| D
* G | NMOS
* Vg ---|| Kn depends on volume selected
* |_ S Vs
* |
* |
* +---> VO Output signal
* |
* Z
* Z External RD
* Z
* |
* GND
*
* Whilst conducting, the FET operates in saturation mode:
*
* Id = Kn * (Vgs - Vth)^2
*
* Using Id = Vs / RD
*
* Vs = Kn * RD * (Vg - Vs - Vth)^2
*
* finally using Vg' = Vg - Vth
*
* Vs = Vg' + 1 / (2 * Kn * RD) - sqrt((Vg' + 1 / (2 * Kn * RD))^2 - Vg'^2)
*
* and finally
*
* VO = Vs
*
* and this can be used to re-Thenevin to 5V
*
* RVequiv = RD * ( 5V / VO - 1)
*
* The RV and Kn parameter are derived using least squares to match
* calculation results with measurements.
*
* FIXME:
* There is voltage of 60 mV measured with the EX520 (Ri ~ 10M). This may
* be induced by cutoff currents from the 15 FETs.
*
*/
Emulation of the AY-3-8910 / YM2149 sound chip.
/***************************************************************************
Based on various code snippets by Ville Hallik, Michael Cuddy,
Tatsuyuki Satoh, Fabrice Frances, Nicola Salmoria.
ay8910.cpp
Mostly rewritten by couriersud in 2008
Emulation of the AY-3-8910 / YM2149 sound chip.
Public documentation:
Based on various code snippets by Ville Hallik, Michael Cuddy,
Tatsuyuki Satoh, Fabrice Frances, Nicola Salmoria.
- http://privatfrickler.de/blick-auf-den-chip-soundchip-general-instruments-ay-3-8910/
Die pictures of the AY8910
Mostly rewritten by couriersud in 2008
- US Patent 4933980
Public documentation:
Games using ADSR: gyruss
- http://privatfrickler.de/blick-auf-den-chip-soundchip-general-instruments-ay-3-8910/
Die pictures of the AY8910
A list with more games using ADSR can be found here:
http://mametesters.org/view.php?id=3043
- US Patent 4933980
TODO:
* Measure volume / envelope parameters for AY8930 expanded mode
* YM2610 & YM2608 will need a separate flag in their config structures
to distinguish between legacy and discrete mode.
Games using ADSR: gyruss
The rewrite also introduces a generic model for the DAC. This model is
not perfect, but allows channel mixing based on a parametrized approach.
This model also allows to factor in different loads on individual channels.
If a better model is developed in the future or better measurements are
available, the driver should be easy to change. The model is described
later.
A list with more games using ADSR can be found here:
http://mametesters.org/view.php?id=3043
In order to not break hundreds of existing drivers by default the flag
AY8910_LEGACY_OUTPUT is used by drivers not changed to take into account the
new model. All outputs are normalized to the old output range (i.e. 0 .. 7ffff).
In the case of channel mixing, output range is 0...3 * 7fff.
TODO:
* Measure volume / envelope parameters for AY8930 expanded mode
* YM2610 & YM2608 will need a separate flag in their config structures
to distinguish between legacy and discrete mode.
The main difference between the AY-3-8910 and the YM2149 is, that the
AY-3-8910 datasheet mentions, that fixed volume level 0, which is set by
registers 8 to 10 is "channel off". The YM2149 mentions, that the generated
signal has a 2V DC component. This is confirmed by measurements. The approach
taken here is to assume the 2V DC offset for all outputs for the YM2149.
For the AY-3-8910, an offset is used if envelope is active for a channel.
This is backed by oscilloscope pictures from the datasheet. If a fixed volume
is set, i.e. envelope is disabled, the output voltage is set to 0V. Recordings
I found on the web for gyruss indicate, that the AY-3-8910 offset should
be around 0.2V. This will also make sound levels more compatible with
user observations for scramble.
The rewrite also introduces a generic model for the DAC. This model is
not perfect, but allows channel mixing based on a parametrized approach.
This model also allows to factor in different loads on individual channels.
If a better model is developed in the future or better measurements are
available, the driver should be easy to change. The model is described
later.
In order to not break hundreds of existing drivers by default the flag
AY8910_LEGACY_OUTPUT is used by drivers not changed to take into account the
new model. All outputs are normalized to the old output range (i.e. 0 .. 7ffff).
In the case of channel mixing, output range is 0...3 * 7fff.
The main difference between the AY-3-8910 and the YM2149 is, that the
AY-3-8910 datasheet mentions, that fixed volume level 0, which is set by
registers 8 to 10 is "channel off". The YM2149 mentions, that the generated
signal has a 2V DC component. This is confirmed by measurements. The approach
taken here is to assume the 2V DC offset for all outputs for the YM2149.
For the AY-3-8910, an offset is used if envelope is active for a channel.
This is backed by oscilloscope pictures from the datasheet. If a fixed volume
is set, i.e. envelope is disabled, the output voltage is set to 0V. Recordings
I found on the web for gyruss indicate, that the AY-3-8910 offset should
be around 0.2V. This will also make sound levels more compatible with
user observations for scramble.
The Model:
5V 5V
| |
/ |
Volume Level x >---| Z
> Z Pullup Resistor RU
| Z
Z |
Rx Z |
Z |
| |
'-----+--------> >---+----> Output signal
| |
Z Z
Pulldown RD Z Z Load RL
Z Z
| |
GND GND
The Model:
5V 5V
| |
/ |
Volume Level x >---| Z
> Z Pullup Resistor RU
| Z
Z |
Rx Z |
Z |
| |
'-----+--------> >---+----> Output signal
| |
Z Z
Pulldown RD Z Z Load RL
Z Z
| |
GND GND
Each Volume level x will select a different resistor Rx. Measurements from fpgaarcade.com
where used to calibrate channel mixing for the YM2149. This was done using
@ -228,29 +108,28 @@ has twice the steps, happening twice as fast.
****************************************************************************
The bus control and chip selection signals of the AY PSGs and their
pin-compatible clones such as YM2149 are somewhat unconventional and
redundant, having been designed for compatibility with GI's CP1610
series of microprocessors. Much of the redundancy can be finessed by
tying BC2 to Vcc; AY-3-8913 and AY8930 do this internally.
The bus control and chip selection signals of the AY PSGs and their
pin-compatible clones such as YM2149 are somewhat unconventional and
redundant, having been designed for compatibility with GI's CP1610
series of microprocessors. Much of the redundancy can be finessed by
tying BC2 to Vcc; AY-3-8913 and AY8930 do this internally.
/A9 A8 /CS BDIR BC2 BC1
AY-3-8910 24 25 n/a 27 28 29
AY-3-8912 n/a 17 n/a 18 19 20
AY-3-8913 22 23 24 2 n/a 3
------------------------------------
Inactive NACT 0 0 0
Latch address ADAR 0 0 1
Inactive IAB 0 1 0
Read from PSG DTB 0 1 1
Latch address BAR 1 0 0
Inactive DW 1 0 1
Write to PSG DWS 1 1 0
Latch address INTAK 1 1 1
/A9 A8 /CS BDIR BC2 BC1
AY-3-8910 24 25 n/a 27 28 29
AY-3-8912 n/a 17 n/a 18 19 20
AY-3-8913 22 23 24 2 n/a 3
------------------------------------
Inactive NACT 0 0 0
Latch address ADAR 0 0 1
Inactive IAB 0 1 0
Read from PSG DTB 0 1 1
Latch address BAR 1 0 0
Inactive DW 1 0 1
Write to PSG DWS 1 1 0
Latch address INTAK 1 1 1
***************************************************************************/
****************************************************************************
/**
AY-3-8910(A)/8914/8916/8917/8930/YM2149 (others?):
_______ _______
_| \__/ |_
@ -579,6 +458,122 @@ AY-8930 datasheet: http://www.ym2149.com/ay8930.pdf
YM2149 datasheet: http://www.ym2149.com/ym2149.pdf
YM2203 English datasheet: http://www.appleii-box.de/APPLE2/JonasCard/YM2203%20datasheet.pdf
YM2203 Japanese datasheet contents, translated: http://www.larwe.com/technical/chip_ymopn.html
****************************************************************************
Couriersud, July 2014:
This documents recent work on the AY8910. A YM2149 is now on it's way from
Hong Kong as well.
TODO:
- Create a true sound device nAY8910 driver.
- implement approach outlined below in this driver.
For years I had a AY8910 in my drawer. Arduinos were around as well.
Using the approach documented in this blog post
http://www.986-studio.com/2014/05/18/another-ay-entry/#more-476
I measured the output voltages using a Extech 520.
Measurement Setup
Laptop <--> Arduino <---> AY8910
AY8910 Registers:
0x07: 3f
0x08: RV
0x09: RV
0x0A: RV
Output was measured on Analog Output B with a resistor RD to
ground.
Measurement results:
RD 983 9.830k 99.5k 1.001M open
RV B B B B B
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0011 0.0616
1 0.0106 0.0998 0.6680 1.8150 2.7260
2 0.0150 0.1377 0.8320 1.9890 2.8120
3 0.0222 0.1960 1.0260 2.1740 2.9000
4 0.0320 0.2708 1.2320 2.3360 2.9760
5 0.0466 0.3719 1.4530 2.4880 3.0440
6 0.0665 0.4938 1.6680 2.6280 3.1130
7 0.1039 0.6910 1.9500 2.7900 3.1860
8 0.1237 0.7790 2.0500 2.8590 3.2340
9 0.1986 1.0660 2.3320 3.0090 3.3090
10 0.2803 1.3010 2.5050 3.0850 3.3380
11 0.3548 1.4740 2.6170 3.1340 3.3590
12 0.4702 1.6870 2.7340 3.1800 3.3730
13 0.6030 1.8870 2.8410 3.2300 3.4050
14 0.7530 2.0740 2.9280 3.2580 3.4170
15 0.9250 2.2510 3.0040 3.2940 3.4380
Using an equivalent model approach with two resistors
5V
|
Z
Z Resistor Value for RV
Z
|
+---> Output signal
|
Z
Z External RD
Z
|
GND
will NOT work out of the box since RV = RV(RD).
The following approach will be used going forward based on die pictures
of the AY8910 done by Dr. Stack van Hay:
5V
_| D
G | NMOS
Vg ---|| Kn depends on volume selected
|_ S Vs
|
|
+---> VO Output signal
|
Z
Z External RD
Z
|
GND
Whilst conducting, the FET operates in saturation mode:
Id = Kn * (Vgs - Vth)^2
Using Id = Vs / RD
Vs = Kn * RD * (Vg - Vs - Vth)^2
finally using Vg' = Vg - Vth
Vs = Vg' + 1 / (2 * Kn * RD) - sqrt((Vg' + 1 / (2 * Kn * RD))^2 - Vg'^2)
and finally
VO = Vs
and this can be used to re-Thenevin to 5V
RVequiv = RD * ( 5V / VO - 1)
The RV and Kn parameter are derived using least squares to match
calculation results with measurements.
FIXME:
There is voltage of 60 mV measured with the EX520 (Ri ~ 10M). This may
be induced by cutoff currents from the 15 FETs.
*/
#include "emu.h"
@ -599,12 +594,6 @@ YM2203 Japanese datasheet contents, translated: http://www.larwe.com/technical/c
static constexpr stream_buffer::sample_t MAX_OUTPUT = 1.0;
/*************************************
*
* Type definitions
*
*************************************/
/*************************************
*
@ -654,11 +643,9 @@ static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
4120, 2512, 1737, 1335, 1005, 747, 586, 451 },
};
/*
* RL = 3000, Hacker Kay normalized pattern, 1.5V to 2.8V
* These values correspond with guesses based on Gyruss schematics
* They work well with scramble as well.
*/
// RL = 3000, Hacker Kay normalized pattern, 1.5V to 2.8V
// These values correspond with guesses based on Gyruss schematics
// They work well with scramble as well.
static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
{
930, 454,
@ -667,12 +654,10 @@ static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
4189, 2557, 1772, 1363, 1028, 766, 602, 464 },
};
/*
* RL = 1000, Hacker Kay normalized pattern, 0.75V to 2.05V
* These values correspond with guesses based on Gyruss schematics
* They work well with scramble as well.
*/
static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
// RL = 1000, Hacker Kay normalized pattern, 0.75V to 2.05V
// These values correspond with guesses based on Gyruss schematics
// They work well with scramble as well.
tatic const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
{
1371, 313,
16,
@ -680,9 +665,7 @@ static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
3814, 2337, 1629, 1263, 962, 727, 580, 458 },
};
/*
* RL = 1000, Hacker Kay normalized pattern, 0.2V to 1.5V
*/
// RL = 1000, Hacker Kay normalized pattern, 0.2V to 1.5V
static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
{
5806, 300,
@ -693,44 +676,45 @@ static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
#endif
/*
* RL = 2000, Based on Matthew Westcott's measurements from Dec 2001.
* -------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* http://groups.google.com/group/comp.sys.sinclair/browse_thread/thread/fb3091da4c4caf26/d5959a800cda0b5e?lnk=gst&q=Matthew+Westcott#d5959a800cda0b5e
* After what Russell mentioned a couple of weeks back about the lack of
* publicised measurements of AY chip volumes - I've finally got round to
* making these readings, and I'm placing them in the public domain - so
* anyone's welcome to use them in emulators or anything else.
* To make the readings, I set up the chip to produce a constant voltage on
* channel C (setting bits 2 and 5 of register 6), and varied the amplitude
* (the low 4 bits of register 10). The voltages were measured between the
* channel C output (pin 1) and ground (pin 6).
*
* Level Voltage
* 0 1.147
* 1 1.162
* 2 1.169
* 3 1.178
* 4 1.192
* 5 1.213
* 6 1.238
* 7 1.299
* 8 1.336
* 9 1.457
* 10 1.573
* 11 1.707
* 12 1.882
* 13 2.06
* 14 2.32
* 15 2.58
* -------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* The ZX spectrum output circuit was modelled in SwitcherCAD and
* the resistor values below create the voltage levels above.
* RD was measured on a real chip to be 8m Ohm, RU was 0.8m Ohm.
*/
RL = 2000, Based on Matthew Westcott's measurements from Dec 2001.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.sys.sinclair/browse_thread/thread/fb3091da4c4caf26/d5959a800cda0b5e?lnk=gst&q=Matthew+Westcott#d5959a800cda0b5e
After what Russell mentioned a couple of weeks back about the lack of
publicised measurements of AY chip volumes - I've finally got round to
making these readings, and I'm placing them in the public domain - so
anyone's welcome to use them in emulators or anything else.
To make the readings, I set up the chip to produce a constant voltage on
channel C (setting bits 2 and 5 of register 6), and varied the amplitude
(the low 4 bits of register 10). The voltages were measured between the
channel C output (pin 1) and ground (pin 6).
Level Voltage
0 1.147
1 1.162
2 1.169
3 1.178
4 1.192
5 1.213
6 1.238
7 1.299
8 1.336
9 1.457
10 1.573
11 1.707
12 1.882
13 2.06
14 2.32
15 2.58
-------------------------------------------------------------------
The ZX spectrum output circuit was modelled in SwitcherCAD and
the resistor values below create the voltage levels above.
RD was measured on a real chip to be 8m Ohm, RU was 0.8m Ohm.
*/
static const ay8910_device::ay_ym_param ay8910_param =
{
@ -767,7 +751,6 @@ static const ay8910_device::mosfet_param ay8910_mosfet_param =
/*************************************
*
* Inline
@ -1501,6 +1484,7 @@ void ay8910_device::device_reset()
ay8910_reset_ym();
}
/*************************************
*
* Read/Write Handlers

12
src/mame/alba/vsmjtria.cpp
View File

@ -525,20 +525,20 @@ void vsmjtria_state::vsmjtria(machine_config &config)
GENERIC_LATCH_8(config, "latch1");
i8255_device &ppi0(I8255(config, "ppi0"));
ppi0.in_pa_callback().set_log("ppi0 pa read");
ppi0.in_pa_callback().set([this]() { logerror("%s ppi0 pa read\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0; });
ppi0.in_pb_callback().set(FUNC(vsmjtria_state::keyboard_r<0>));
ppi0.in_pc_callback().set_ioport("P1_COIN");
ppi0.out_pa_callback().set(FUNC(vsmjtria_state::keyboard_w<0>));
ppi0.out_pb_callback().set_log("ppi0 pb write");
ppi0.out_pc_callback().set_log("ppi0 pc write");
ppi0.out_pb_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ppi0 pb write: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
ppi0.out_pc_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ppi0 pc write: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
i8255_device &ppi1(I8255(config, "ppi1"));
ppi1.in_pa_callback().set_log("ppi1 pa read");
ppi1.in_pa_callback().set([this]() { logerror("%s ppi1 pa read\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0; });
ppi1.in_pb_callback().set(FUNC(vsmjtria_state::keyboard_r<1>));
ppi1.in_pc_callback().set_ioport("P2_COIN");
ppi1.out_pa_callback().set(FUNC(vsmjtria_state::keyboard_w<1>));
ppi1.out_pb_callback().set_log("ppi1 pb write");
ppi1.out_pc_callback().set_log("ppi1 pc write");
ppi1.out_pb_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ppi1 pb write: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
ppi1.out_pc_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ppi1 pc write: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
PALETTE(config, "palette0", palette_device::RGB_444_PROMS, "mainproms", 256);
PALETTE(config, "palette1", palette_device::RGB_444_PROMS, "subproms", 256);

16
src/mame/alpha/champbas.cpp
View File

@ -1056,16 +1056,16 @@ void champbas_state::tbasebal(machine_config &config)
/* basic machine hardware */
m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &champbas_state::tbasebal_map);
m_mainlatch->q_out_cb<6>().set([this](int state){ logerror("%s latch bit 6 w: %02x\n", machine().describe_context(), state); }); // to M68705? the code here seems the same as champbb2
m_mainlatch->q_out_cb<7>().set([this](int state){ logerror("%s latch bit 7 w: %02x\n", machine().describe_context(), state); }); // "
m_mainlatch->q_out_cb<6>().set([this](int state) { logerror("%s latch bit 6 w: %d\n", machine().describe_context(), state); }); // to M68705? the code here seems the same as champbb2
m_mainlatch->q_out_cb<7>().set([this](int state) { logerror("%s latch bit 7 w: %d\n", machine().describe_context(), state); }); // "
m68705p_device &mcu(M68705P3(config, "mcu", XTAL(18'432'000) / 6)); // ?Mhz
mcu.porta_r().set_log("MCU port A r");
mcu.porta_w().set([this](uint8_t data){ logerror("%s MCU port A w: %02x\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
mcu.portb_r().set_log("MCU port B r");
mcu.portb_w().set([this](uint8_t data){ logerror("%s MCU port B w: %02x\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
mcu.portc_r().set_log("MCU port C r");
mcu.portc_w().set([this](uint8_t data){ logerror("%s MCU port C w: %02x\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
mcu.porta_r().set([this]() { logerror("%s MCU port A r\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xff; });
mcu.porta_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s MCU port A w: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
mcu.portb_r().set([this]() { logerror("%s MCU port B r\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xff; });
mcu.portb_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s MCU port B w: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
mcu.portc_r().set([this]() { logerror("%s MCU port C r\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xff; });
mcu.portc_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s MCU port C w: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
}

2
src/mame/midcoin/24cdjuke.cpp
View File

@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ void midcoin24cdjuke_state::midcoin24cdjuke(machine_config &config)
ic25.out_pc_callback().set(FUNC(midcoin24cdjuke_state::kb_col_w));
i8255_device &ic31(I8255A(config, "ic31", 0));
ic31.out_pb_callback().set_log("PPI8255 - unmapped write port B");
ic31.out_pb_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ic31 write port B: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
ic31.in_pc_callback().set_ioport("MD4");
}

3
src/mame/misc/imolagp.cpp
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@ -554,8 +554,7 @@ void imolagp_state::imolagp(machine_config &config)
i8255_device &ppi(I8255A(config, "ppi8255", 0));
// mode $91 - ports A & C-lower as input, ports B & C-upper as output
ppi.in_pa_callback().set_ioport("IN0");
ppi.in_pb_callback().set_log("PPI8255 - unmapped read port B");
ppi.out_pb_callback().set_log("PPI8255 - unmapped write port B");
ppi.out_pb_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s PPI write port B: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
ppi.in_pc_callback().set_ioport("IN1");
/* video hardware */

2
src/mame/namco/sweetland.cpp
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@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ void sweetland_state::sweetland(machine_config &config)
ym2203_device &ym(YM2203(config, "ym", XTAL(8'000'000)/2));
ym.irq_handler().set_inputline("maincpu", 0);
ym.port_a_read_callback().set_log("YM2203IOA read");
ym.port_a_read_callback().set([this]() { logerror("%s YM2203IOA read\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0; });
ym.port_b_read_callback().set_ioport("YM2203IOB");
ym.add_route(0, "mono", 0.25);
ym.add_route(1, "mono", 0.25);

3
src/mame/neogeo/neogeocd.cpp
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@ -1049,7 +1049,8 @@ void ngcd_state::neocd_ntsc(machine_config &config)
m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &ngcd_state::neocd_audio_map);
m_audiocpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &ngcd_state::neocd_audio_io_map);
subdevice<hc259_device>("systemlatch")->q_out_cb<1>().set_log("NeoCD: write to regular vector change address?"); // what IS going on with "neocdz doubledr" and why do games write here if it's hooked up to nothing?
// what IS going on with "neocdz doubledr" and why do games write here if it's hooked up to nothing?
subdevice<hc259_device>("systemlatch")->q_out_cb<1>().set([this](int state) { logerror("%s NeoCD: write %d to regular vector change address?\n", machine().describe_context(), state); });
m_screen->set_screen_update(FUNC(ngcd_state::screen_update));

6
src/mame/sega/kopunch.cpp
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@ -430,13 +430,13 @@ void kopunch_state::kopunch(machine_config &config)
i8255_device &ppi1(I8255A(config, "ppi8255_1"));
// $34 - always $80 (PPI mode 0, ports A & B & C as output)
ppi1.out_pa_callback().set(FUNC(kopunch_state::coin_w));
ppi1.out_pb_callback().set_log("PPI8255 - unmapped write port B");
ppi1.out_pc_callback().set_log("PPI8255 - unmapped write port C");
ppi1.out_pb_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ppi1 write port B: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
ppi1.out_pc_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ppi1 write port C: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
i8255_device &ppi2(I8255A(config, "ppi8255_2"));
// $38 - always $89 (PPI mode 0, ports A & B as output, port C as input)
ppi2.out_pa_callback().set(FUNC(kopunch_state::lamp_w));
ppi2.out_pb_callback().set_log("PPI8255 - unmapped write port B");
ppi2.out_pb_callback().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s ppi2 write port B: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
ppi2.in_pc_callback().set_ioport("DSW");
i8255_device &ppi3(I8255A(config, "ppi8255_3"));

2
src/mame/taito/pkspirit.cpp
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@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ void pkspirit_state::pkspirit(machine_config &config)
// basic machine hardware
TMP68301(config, m_maincpu, 32_MHz_XTAL / 2); // divider not verified, actually TMP68303F-16
m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &pkspirit_state::main_map);
m_maincpu->parallel_r_cb().set_log("par_r");
m_maincpu->parallel_r_cb().set([this]() { logerror("%s par_r\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xffff; });
z80_device &audiocpu(Z80(config, "audiocpu", 36_MHz_XTAL / 9)); // divider not verified, but marked as 4MHz on PCB
audiocpu.set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &pkspirit_state::sound_map);

12
src/mame/toaplan/slapfght.cpp
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@ -1015,12 +1015,12 @@ void slapfght_state::tigerhb4(machine_config &config)
// TODO: hook up
m68705p_device &mcu(M68705P5(config, "mcu", 6000000)); // unverified clock
mcu.porta_r().set_log("port A read");
mcu.portb_r().set_log("port B read");
mcu.portc_r().set_log("port C read");
mcu.porta_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("port a write: %02x\n", data); });
mcu.portb_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("port b write: %02x\n", data); });
mcu.portc_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("port c write: %02x\n", data); });
mcu.porta_r().set([this]() { logerror("%s MCU port A read\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xff; });
mcu.portb_r().set([this]() { logerror("%s MCU port B read\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xff; });
mcu.portc_r().set([this]() { logerror("%s MCU port C read\n", machine().describe_context()); return 0xff; });
mcu.porta_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s MCU port a write: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
mcu.portb_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s MCU port b write: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
mcu.portc_w().set([this](uint8_t data) { logerror("%s MCU port c write: %02X\n", machine().describe_context(), data); });
}
void slapfght_state::slapfigh(machine_config &config)