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a08fb6b38d
mame/src/devices/sound/c140.cpp
AJR a08fb6b38d c140: Update comments (nw)
2019-10-15 22:08:43 -04:00

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// license:BSD-3-Clause
// copyright-holders:R. Belmont
/*
C140.c
Simulator based on AMUSE sources.
The C140 sound chip is used by Namco System 2 and System 21
The 219 ASIC (which incorporates a modified C140) is used by Namco NA-1 and NA-2
This chip controls 24 channels (C140) or 16 (219) of PCM.
16 bytes are associated with each channel.
Channels can be 8 bit signed PCM, or 12 bit signed PCM.
TODO: What does the INT0 pin do? Normally Namco tied it to VOL0 (with VOL1 = VCC).
--------------
ASIC "219" notes
On the 219 ASIC used on NA-1 and NA-2, the high registers have the following
meaning instead:
0x1f7: bank for voices 0-3
0x1f1: bank for voices 4-7
0x1f3: bank for voices 8-11
0x1f5: bank for voices 12-15
Some games (bkrtmaq, xday2) write to 0x1fd for voices 12-15 instead. Probably the bank registers
mirror at 1f8, in which case 1ff is also 0-3, 1f9 is also 4-7, 1fb is also 8-11, and 1fd is also 12-15.
Each bank is 0x20000 (128k), and the voice addresses on the 219 are all multiplied by 2.
Additionally, the 219's base pitch is the same as the C352's (42667). But these changes
are IMO not sufficient to make this a separate file - all the other registers are
fully compatible.
Finally, the 219 only has 16 voices.
*/
/*
2000.06.26 CAB fixed compressed pcm playback
2002.07.20 R. Belmont added support for multiple banking types
2006.01.08 R. Belmont added support for NA-1/2 "219" derivative
*/
#include "emu.h"
#include "c140.h"
struct voice_registers
{
uint8_t volume_right;
uint8_t volume_left;
uint8_t frequency_msb;
uint8_t frequency_lsb;
uint8_t bank;
uint8_t mode;
uint8_t start_msb;
uint8_t start_lsb;
uint8_t end_msb;
uint8_t end_lsb;
uint8_t loop_msb;
uint8_t loop_lsb;
uint8_t reserved[4];
};
// device type definition
DEFINE_DEVICE_TYPE(C140, c140_device, "c140", "Namco C140")
//**************************************************************************
// LIVE DEVICE
//**************************************************************************
static inline int limit(int32_t in)
{
if(in>0x7fff) return 0x7fff;
else if(in<-0x8000) return -0x8000;
return in;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// c140_device - constructor
//-------------------------------------------------
c140_device::c140_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, uint32_t clock)
: device_t(mconfig, C140, tag, owner, clock)
, device_sound_interface(mconfig, *this)
, device_rom_interface(mconfig, *this, 21)
, m_int1_callback(*this)
, m_sample_rate(0)
, m_stream(nullptr)
, m_banking_type(C140_TYPE::SYSTEM2)
, m_mixer_buffer_left(nullptr)
, m_mixer_buffer_right(nullptr)
, m_baserate(0)
{
memset(m_REG, 0, sizeof(uint8_t)*0x200);
memset(m_pcmtbl, 0, sizeof(int16_t)*8);
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// device_start - device-specific startup
//-------------------------------------------------
void c140_device::device_start()
{
m_sample_rate = m_baserate = clock();
m_int1_callback.resolve_safe();
m_int1_timer = machine().scheduler().timer_alloc(timer_expired_delegate(FUNC(c140_device::int1_on), this));
m_stream = stream_alloc(0, 2, m_sample_rate);
/* make decompress pcm table */ //2000.06.26 CAB
int32_t segbase = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
m_pcmtbl[i]=segbase; //segment base value
segbase += 16<<i;
}
memset(m_REG,0,sizeof(m_REG));
for(int i = 0; i < MAX_VOICE; i++)
{
init_voice(&m_voi[i]);
}
/* allocate a pair of buffers to mix into - 1 second's worth should be more than enough */
m_mixer_buffer_left = std::make_unique<int16_t[]>(m_sample_rate);
m_mixer_buffer_right = std::make_unique<int16_t[]>(m_sample_rate);
save_item(NAME(m_REG));
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_VOICE; i++)
{
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].ptoffset), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].pos), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].key), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].lastdt), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].prevdt), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].dltdt), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].rvol), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].lvol), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].frequency), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].bank), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].mode), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].sample_start), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].sample_end), i);
save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].sample_loop), i);
}
}
void c140_device::device_clock_changed()
{
m_sample_rate = m_baserate = clock();
m_stream->set_sample_rate(m_sample_rate);
/* allocate a pair of buffers to mix into - 1 second's worth should be more than enough */
m_mixer_buffer_left = std::make_unique<int16_t[]>(m_sample_rate);
m_mixer_buffer_right = std::make_unique<int16_t[]>(m_sample_rate);;
}
void c140_device::rom_bank_updated()
{
m_stream->update();
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// sound_stream_update - handle a stream update
//-------------------------------------------------
void c140_device::sound_stream_update(sound_stream &stream, stream_sample_t **inputs, stream_sample_t **outputs, int samples)
{
int i,j;
int32_t rvol,lvol;
int32_t dt;
int32_t sdt;
int32_t st,ed,sz;
long sampleData;
int32_t frequency,delta,offset,pos;
int32_t cnt, voicecnt;
int32_t lastdt,prevdt,dltdt;
float pbase=(float)m_baserate*2.0f / (float)m_sample_rate;
int16_t *lmix, *rmix;
if(samples>m_sample_rate) samples=m_sample_rate;
/* zap the contents of the mixer buffer */
memset(m_mixer_buffer_left.get(), 0, samples * sizeof(int16_t));
memset(m_mixer_buffer_right.get(), 0, samples * sizeof(int16_t));
/* get the number of voices to update */
voicecnt = (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE::ASIC219) ? 16 : 24;
//--- audio update
for( i=0;i<voicecnt;i++ )
{
C140_VOICE *v = &m_voi[i];
const struct voice_registers *vreg = (struct voice_registers *)&m_REG[i*16];
if( v->key )
{
frequency= vreg->frequency_msb*256 + vreg->frequency_lsb;
/* Abort voice if no frequency value set */
if(frequency==0) continue;
/* Delta = frequency * ((8MHz/374)*2 / sample rate) */
delta=(long)((float)frequency * pbase);
/* Calculate left/right channel volumes */
lvol=(vreg->volume_left*32)/MAX_VOICE; //32ch -> 24ch
rvol=(vreg->volume_right*32)/MAX_VOICE;
/* Set mixer outputs base pointers */
lmix = m_mixer_buffer_left.get();
rmix = m_mixer_buffer_right.get();
/* Retrieve sample start/end and calculate size */
st=v->sample_start;
ed=v->sample_end;
sz=ed-st;
/* Retrieve base pointer to the sample data */
sampleData = find_sample(st, v->bank, i);
/* Fetch back previous data pointers */
offset=v->ptoffset;
pos=v->pos;
lastdt=v->lastdt;
prevdt=v->prevdt;
dltdt=v->dltdt;
/* Switch on data type - compressed PCM is only for C140 */
if ((v->mode&8) && (m_banking_type != C140_TYPE::ASIC219))
{
//compressed PCM (maybe correct...)
/* Loop for enough to fill sample buffer as requested */
for(j=0;j<samples;j++)
{
offset += delta;
cnt = (offset>>16)&0x7fff;
offset &= 0xffff;
pos+=cnt;
//for(;cnt>0;cnt--)
{
/* Check for the end of the sample */
if(pos >= sz)
{
/* Check if its a looping sample, either stop or loop */
if(v->mode&0x10)
{
pos = (v->sample_loop - st);
}
else
{
v->key=0;
break;
}
}
/* Read the chosen sample byte */
dt = (int8_t) read_byte(sampleData + pos);
/* decompress to 13bit range */ //2000.06.26 CAB
sdt=dt>>3; //signed
if(sdt<0) sdt = (sdt<<(dt&7)) - m_pcmtbl[dt&7];
else sdt = (sdt<<(dt&7)) + m_pcmtbl[dt&7];
prevdt=lastdt;
lastdt=sdt;
dltdt=(lastdt - prevdt);
}
/* Caclulate the sample value */
dt=((dltdt*offset)>>16)+prevdt;
/* Write the data to the sample buffers */
*lmix++ +=(dt*lvol)>>(5+5);
*rmix++ +=(dt*rvol)>>(5+5);
}
}
else
{
/* linear 8bit signed PCM */
for(j=0;j<samples;j++)
{
offset += delta;
cnt = (offset>>16)&0x7fff;
offset &= 0xffff;
pos += cnt;
/* Check for the end of the sample */
if(pos >= sz)
{
/* Check if its a looping sample, either stop or loop */
if( v->mode&0x10 )
{
pos = (v->sample_loop - st);
}
else
{
v->key=0;
break;
}
}
if( cnt )
{
prevdt=lastdt;
if (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE::ASIC219)
{
lastdt = (int8_t) read_byte(sampleData + BYTE_XOR_BE(pos));
// Sign + magnitude format
if ((v->mode & 0x01) && (lastdt & 0x80))
lastdt = -(lastdt & 0x7f);
// Sign flip
if (v->mode & 0x40)
lastdt = -lastdt;
}
else
{
lastdt = (int8_t) read_byte(sampleData + pos);
}
dltdt = (lastdt - prevdt);
}
/* Caclulate the sample value */
dt=((dltdt*offset)>>16)+prevdt;
/* Write the data to the sample buffers */
*lmix++ +=(dt*lvol)>>5;
*rmix++ +=(dt*rvol)>>5;
}
}
/* Save positional data for next callback */
v->ptoffset=offset;
v->pos=pos;
v->lastdt=lastdt;
v->prevdt=prevdt;
v->dltdt=dltdt;
}
}
/* render to MAME's stream buffer */
lmix = m_mixer_buffer_left.get();
rmix = m_mixer_buffer_right.get();
{
stream_sample_t *dest1 = outputs[0];
stream_sample_t *dest2 = outputs[1];
for (i = 0; i < samples; i++)
{
int32_t val;
val = 8 * (*lmix++);
*dest1++ = limit(val);
val = 8 * (*rmix++);
*dest2++ = limit(val);
}
}
}
u8 c140_device::c140_r(offs_t offset)
{
offset&=0x1ff;
return m_REG[offset];
}
void c140_device::c140_w(offs_t offset, u8 data)
{
m_stream->update();
offset&=0x1ff;
// mirror the bank registers on the 219, fixes bkrtmaq (and probably xday2 based on notes in the HLE)
if ((offset >= 0x1f8) && BIT(offset, 0) && (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE::ASIC219))
{
offset -= 8;
}
m_REG[offset]=data;
if( offset<0x180 )
{
C140_VOICE *v = &m_voi[offset>>4];
if( (offset&0xf)==0x5 )
{
if( data&0x80 )
{
const struct voice_registers *vreg = (struct voice_registers *) &m_REG[offset&0x1f0];
v->key=1;
v->ptoffset=0;
v->pos=0;
v->lastdt=0;
v->prevdt=0;
v->dltdt=0;
v->bank = vreg->bank;
v->mode = data;
// on the 219 asic, addresses are in words
if (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE::ASIC219)
{
v->sample_loop = (vreg->loop_msb*256 + vreg->loop_lsb)*2;
v->sample_start = (vreg->start_msb*256 + vreg->start_lsb)*2;
v->sample_end = (vreg->end_msb*256 + vreg->end_lsb)*2;
#if 0
logerror("219: play v %d mode %02x start %x loop %x end %x\n",
offset>>4, v->mode,
find_sample(v->sample_start, v->bank, offset>>4),
find_sample(v->sample_loop, v->bank, offset>>4),
find_sample(v->sample_end, v->bank, offset>>4));
#endif
}
else
{
v->sample_loop = vreg->loop_msb*256 + vreg->loop_lsb;
v->sample_start = vreg->start_msb*256 + vreg->start_lsb;
v->sample_end = vreg->end_msb*256 + vreg->end_lsb;
}
}
else
{
v->key=0;
}
}
}
else if (offset == 0x1fa)
{
m_int1_callback(CLEAR_LINE);
// timing not verified
unsigned div = m_REG[0x1f8] != 0 ? m_REG[0x1f8] : 256;
attotime interval = attotime::from_ticks(div * 2, m_baserate);
if (BIT(m_REG[0x1fe], 0))
m_int1_timer->adjust(interval);
}
else if (offset == 0x1fe)
{
if (BIT(data, 0))
{
// kyukaidk and marvlandj want the first interrupt to happen immediately
if (!m_int1_timer->enabled())
m_int1_callback(ASSERT_LINE);
}
else
{
m_int1_callback(CLEAR_LINE);
m_int1_timer->enable(false);
}
}
}
TIMER_CALLBACK_MEMBER(c140_device::int1_on)
{
m_int1_callback(ASSERT_LINE);
}
void c140_device::init_voice( C140_VOICE *v )
{
v->key=0;
v->ptoffset=0;
v->rvol=0;
v->lvol=0;
v->frequency=0;
v->bank=0;
v->mode=0;
v->sample_start=0;
v->sample_end=0;
v->sample_loop=0;
}
/*
find_sample: compute the actual address of a sample given it's
address and banking registers, as well as the board type.
I suspect in "real life" this works like the Sega MultiPCM where the banking
is done by a small PAL or GAL external to the sound chip, which can be switched
per-game or at least per-PCB revision as addressing range needs grow.
*/
long c140_device::find_sample(long adrs, long bank, int voice)
{
long newadr = 0;
static const int16_t asic219banks[4] = { 0x1f7, 0x1f1, 0x1f3, 0x1f5 };
adrs=(bank<<16)+adrs;
switch (m_banking_type)
{
case C140_TYPE::SYSTEM2:
// System 2 banking
newadr = ((adrs&0x200000)>>2)|(adrs&0x7ffff);
break;
case C140_TYPE::SYSTEM21:
// System 21 banking.
// similar to System 2's.
newadr = ((adrs&0x300000)>>1)+(adrs&0x7ffff);
break;
case C140_TYPE::ASIC219:
// ASIC219's banking is fairly simple
newadr = ((m_REG[asic219banks[voice/4]]&0x3) * 0x20000) + adrs;
break;
}
return (newadr);
}
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